,Significant Dates and Events in the
History of Clinical Psychology
Wilhelm Wundt establishes first formal psychology laboratory at the
1879
University of Leipzig.
Sir Francis Galton establishes first mental testing center at the South
1885
Kensington Museum, London.
1890 James McKeen Cattell coins the term mental test.
1892 American Psychological Association (APA) founded.
1895 Breuer and Freud publish Studies in Hysteria.
Lightner Witmer founds first psychological clinic, University of
1896
Pennsylvania.
1905 Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale published in France.
1907 Witmer founds first clinical journal, The Psychological Clinic.
1908 First clinical internship offered at Vineland Training School.
William Healy founds first child-guidance center, the Juvenile
1909
Psychopathic Institute, Chicago.
Freud lectures at Clark University.
Goddard's English translation of the 1908 revision of the Binet-Simon
1910
Intelligence Scale published.
1912 J.B. Watson publishes Psychology as a Behaviorist Views It.
1916 Terman's Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test published.
Clinicians break away from APA to form American Association of
1917
Clinical Psychology (AACP).
1919 AACP rejoins APA as its clinical section.
1920 Watson and Rayner demonstrate that a child's fear can be learned.
1921 James McKeen Cattell forms Psychological Corporation.
1924 Mary Cover Jones employs learning principles to remove children's fears.
1931 Clinical section of APA appoints committee on training standards.
1935 Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) published.
Clinical section of APA breaks away to form American Association for
1937
, Applied Psychology (AAAP).
1938 First Buros Mental Measurement Yearbook published.
1939 Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Test published.
Carl Rogers publishes Counseling and Psychotherapy, outlining an
1942
alternative to psychodynamic therapy.
1943 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) published.
1945 AAAP rejoins APA.
Journal of Clinical Psychology published.
Connecticut State Board of Examiners in Psychology issues first
certificate to practice psychology.
Veterans Administration and National Institute of Mental Health begin
1946
support for training of clinical psychologists.
1947 American Board of Examiners in Professional Psychology organized.
Shakow Report recommends clinical training standards to APA.
Colorado conference on training in clinical psychology convenes,
1949
recommends “Boulder Model.”
APA publishes first standards for approved internships in clinical
1950
psychology.
American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
1952
(DSM-I) published.
1953 APA's Ethical Standards for Psychologists published.
1955 Wechsler Adult Intelligence Test published.
1956 Stanford Training Conference.
1958 Miami Training Conference.
Clinical Division of APA holds NIMH-sponsored conference about
research on psychotherapy.
1959 The first psychotherapy benefit in a prepaid insurance plan appears.
1965 Chicago Training Conference.
Psy.D. training program begins at the University of Illinois, Urbana-
1968
Champaign.
Second edition of DSM (DSM-II) published.
Committee on Health Insurance begins campaign to allow payment of
clinical psychologists' services by health insurance plans without requiring
medical supervision.
, 1969 California School of Professional Psychology founded.
APA begins publication of the journal, Professional Psychology.
Department of Defense health insurance program authorizes payment of
1970
clinical psychologists' services without medical referral.
Classes begin at California School of Professional Psychology, the first
independent clinical psychology training program in the United States
Council for the Advancement of Psychological Professions and Sciences,
1971
a political advocacy group for clinical psychology, is organized.
Journal of Clinical Child Psychology published.
1972 Menninger Conference on Postdoctoral Education in Clinical Psychology.
1973 Vail, Colorado, Training Conference.
1974 National Register of Health Service Providers in Psychology established.
Federal government allows payment for clinical psychologists' services to
its employees without medical supervision or referral.
APA establishes Standards for Providers of Psychological Services.
First Inter-American Congress of Clinical Psychology held in Porto
Alegre, Brazil.
All fifty U.S. states have certification or licensing laws for clinical
1977
psychologists.
1980 Third edition of DSM (DSM-III) published.
Smith, Glass, and Miller publish The Benefits of Psychotherapy.
Blue Shield health insurance companies in Virginia successfully sued for
refusing to pay for clinical psychologists' services to people covered by
their plans.
1981 APA publishes its revised Ethical Principles of Psychologists.
Joint Commission for the Accreditation of Hospitals allows clinical
1983
psychologists to become members of hospital medical staffs.
1987 DSM-III-R published.
Conference on graduate education in psychology, Salt Lake City, Utah.
1988 American Psychological Society formed.
California Supreme Court affirms right of clinical psychologists to
1990 independently admit, diagnose, treat, and release mental patients without
medical supervision.
Dick McFall publishes “Manifesto for a Science of Clinical Psychology.”
Commander John L. Sexton and Lt. Commander Morgan T. Sammons
History of Clinical Psychology
Wilhelm Wundt establishes first formal psychology laboratory at the
1879
University of Leipzig.
Sir Francis Galton establishes first mental testing center at the South
1885
Kensington Museum, London.
1890 James McKeen Cattell coins the term mental test.
1892 American Psychological Association (APA) founded.
1895 Breuer and Freud publish Studies in Hysteria.
Lightner Witmer founds first psychological clinic, University of
1896
Pennsylvania.
1905 Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale published in France.
1907 Witmer founds first clinical journal, The Psychological Clinic.
1908 First clinical internship offered at Vineland Training School.
William Healy founds first child-guidance center, the Juvenile
1909
Psychopathic Institute, Chicago.
Freud lectures at Clark University.
Goddard's English translation of the 1908 revision of the Binet-Simon
1910
Intelligence Scale published.
1912 J.B. Watson publishes Psychology as a Behaviorist Views It.
1916 Terman's Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test published.
Clinicians break away from APA to form American Association of
1917
Clinical Psychology (AACP).
1919 AACP rejoins APA as its clinical section.
1920 Watson and Rayner demonstrate that a child's fear can be learned.
1921 James McKeen Cattell forms Psychological Corporation.
1924 Mary Cover Jones employs learning principles to remove children's fears.
1931 Clinical section of APA appoints committee on training standards.
1935 Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) published.
Clinical section of APA breaks away to form American Association for
1937
, Applied Psychology (AAAP).
1938 First Buros Mental Measurement Yearbook published.
1939 Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Test published.
Carl Rogers publishes Counseling and Psychotherapy, outlining an
1942
alternative to psychodynamic therapy.
1943 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) published.
1945 AAAP rejoins APA.
Journal of Clinical Psychology published.
Connecticut State Board of Examiners in Psychology issues first
certificate to practice psychology.
Veterans Administration and National Institute of Mental Health begin
1946
support for training of clinical psychologists.
1947 American Board of Examiners in Professional Psychology organized.
Shakow Report recommends clinical training standards to APA.
Colorado conference on training in clinical psychology convenes,
1949
recommends “Boulder Model.”
APA publishes first standards for approved internships in clinical
1950
psychology.
American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
1952
(DSM-I) published.
1953 APA's Ethical Standards for Psychologists published.
1955 Wechsler Adult Intelligence Test published.
1956 Stanford Training Conference.
1958 Miami Training Conference.
Clinical Division of APA holds NIMH-sponsored conference about
research on psychotherapy.
1959 The first psychotherapy benefit in a prepaid insurance plan appears.
1965 Chicago Training Conference.
Psy.D. training program begins at the University of Illinois, Urbana-
1968
Champaign.
Second edition of DSM (DSM-II) published.
Committee on Health Insurance begins campaign to allow payment of
clinical psychologists' services by health insurance plans without requiring
medical supervision.
, 1969 California School of Professional Psychology founded.
APA begins publication of the journal, Professional Psychology.
Department of Defense health insurance program authorizes payment of
1970
clinical psychologists' services without medical referral.
Classes begin at California School of Professional Psychology, the first
independent clinical psychology training program in the United States
Council for the Advancement of Psychological Professions and Sciences,
1971
a political advocacy group for clinical psychology, is organized.
Journal of Clinical Child Psychology published.
1972 Menninger Conference on Postdoctoral Education in Clinical Psychology.
1973 Vail, Colorado, Training Conference.
1974 National Register of Health Service Providers in Psychology established.
Federal government allows payment for clinical psychologists' services to
its employees without medical supervision or referral.
APA establishes Standards for Providers of Psychological Services.
First Inter-American Congress of Clinical Psychology held in Porto
Alegre, Brazil.
All fifty U.S. states have certification or licensing laws for clinical
1977
psychologists.
1980 Third edition of DSM (DSM-III) published.
Smith, Glass, and Miller publish The Benefits of Psychotherapy.
Blue Shield health insurance companies in Virginia successfully sued for
refusing to pay for clinical psychologists' services to people covered by
their plans.
1981 APA publishes its revised Ethical Principles of Psychologists.
Joint Commission for the Accreditation of Hospitals allows clinical
1983
psychologists to become members of hospital medical staffs.
1987 DSM-III-R published.
Conference on graduate education in psychology, Salt Lake City, Utah.
1988 American Psychological Society formed.
California Supreme Court affirms right of clinical psychologists to
1990 independently admit, diagnose, treat, and release mental patients without
medical supervision.
Dick McFall publishes “Manifesto for a Science of Clinical Psychology.”
Commander John L. Sexton and Lt. Commander Morgan T. Sammons
