Test Banks For Applied Pathophysiology 4th Edition GRADEDA+

Test Banks For Applied Pathophysiology 4th Edition GRADEDA+ pathophysiology - the study of the functional changes that occur in the body as a result of an injury, disorder or disease pathology - study of changes in cells and tissues as a result of injury or disease pathogenesis - the disease beginning disease - the functional impairment of cells, tissues, organs etiology - cause of disease primary prevention - prohibits a disease condition from occurring secondary prevention - it's the early detection of disease through screening and early treatment tertiary prevention - it's rehabilitation of a patient after detection of disease mechanism of cell death - the changes in cell and organelle structure and function prevent the cell from returning to normal condition. ex: apoptosis, necrosis hypertrophy - an increase in cell size. ex: breast size in pregnancy hyperplasia - increase on number of cells metaplasia - refers to the changing of one cell type to another. ex: GERD dysplasia - refers to the actual change in cell size, shape, uniformity, arrangement, and structure. these cells can progress to cancer acromegaly - a condition of hyperplasia characterized by excessive growth cardiac hypertrophy - disease of cardiac muscle that result from excessive work load and functional demand primary goal of inflammation - to increase blood flow to the cite of an injury and close up all open areas first line of defense - relies on the protection of the skin and mucous membranes second line of defense - waged through an effective inflammatory response factors that promote wound healing - adequate dietary intake of water, protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals third line of defense - activated through immune response phases of tissue repair - inflammatory phase: - acute inflammatory response - cover the wound - proliferating phase - clean the debris - restore structural integrity - remodeling phase - restore functional integrity - remodeling complication of wound healing - infection, perfusion, dehiscence, keloids, adhesions rheumatoid arthritis - degeneration or inflammation of the joints, synovial joints, autoimmune burns - - superficial partial thickness burns: first degree burns damage epidermis. ex: sunburn - deep partial thickness burns second degree burn epidermis and dermis. ex: scalding hot liquid - full thickness burns: third degree burn epidermis, dermis, subcute penetrates. ex: electrical exposure acute gastritis - inflammation on the gastric mucosa most often caused by the ingestion of irritants such as aspirin, alcohol, or certain microorganisms chronic gastritis - unrelating injury such as with chronic infection or autoimmunity, helicobacter pylori inflammation bowel disease (IBD) - inflammatory process most commonly in the small and large intestine. Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis Crohn both large and small intestine Ulcerative colitis only large intestine phases of acute infection - incubation, prodrome, clinical illness, convalescence bacterial meningitis - common bacterial cause of meningitis is N meningtides, bacteria multiplies along the meninges in CSF. inflammatory response cause brain tissue to become edematous (swollen) symptoms. severe headache, light sensitivity and hyper extended stiff neck chain of infection - infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, means of transmission, portal of entertainment, susceptible host