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NURS 5315: Advanced Pathophysiology UTA Exam 1 Questions with 100% Correct Answers

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NURS 5315: Advanced Pathophysiology UTA Exam 1 Questions with 100% Correct Answers Atrophy E. Cells decrease in size P. Still functional Physiologic: thymus gland in early childhood Pathological: disuse Hypertrophy E. Increase in cell size P. Increased workload Physiologic: weightlifting Pathologic: cardiomegaly from HTN Hyperplasia E. Increase in cell number P. Increased cellular division Physiologic: liver regeneration Pathologic: endometrial- usually r/t hormones Dysplasia E. Cells change in size, shape, organization P. AKA atypical hyperplasia, a disorderly proliferation Physiologic: N/A Pathologic: squamous dysplasia of cervix from HPV Metaplasia E. one cell type replaced with another P. reprogramming of stem cells, reversible Physiologic: N/A Pathologic: stratified squamous cells in bronchial lining r/t cigarette smoke Hypoxia injury E. inadequate oxygenation of tissues P. decrease in mitochondrial function, decreased production of ATP increases anaerobic metabolism. eventual cell death. C.M. hypoxia, cyanosis, cognitive impairment, lethargy Free radical and ROS E. normal byproduct of ATP production, will overwhelm the mitochondria- exhaust intracellular antioxidants P. lipid peroxidation, damage proteins, fragment DNA C.M. development in Alzheimer's, heart disease, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Ethanol E. mood altering drug, long term effects on liver and nutritional status P. metabolized by liver, generates free radicals C.M. CNS depression, nutrient deficiencies-Mag, Vit B6, thiamine, PO4, inflammation and fatty infiltration of liver, hepatomegaly, leads to liver failure irreversible Oncosis Na and H2O enter cell and cause swelling. Organ increases in weight, becomes distended and pale. Associated with high fever, hypocalcemia, certain infections Fatty Infiltration intracellular accumulation of lipids in the liver liver fails to metabolize lipids. usually from ETOH or high fat diet. can lead to cirrhosis dystrophic calcification accumulation of Ca in dead or dying tissues calcium salt clump and harden- interfere with cellular structure and function r/t pulmonary TB, atherosclerosis, injured heart valves, chronic pancreatitis metastatic calcification accumulation of Ca in normal tissue result of hypercalcemia r/t hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism, toxic levels of Vit D. Can also r/t hyperphosphatemia in renal failure urate accumulation sodium urate crystals are deposited in tissues- group of disorders collectively called gout- acute arthritis, chronic gouty arthritis, tophus, nephritis Coagulative Necrosis kidneys, heart, adrenals- secondary to hypoxia

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SSI Final Exam Questions With
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The event that led to the use of the acronym SCUBA to describe diving was:

A. Post-WWII equipment refinements
B. The invention of the diving helmet in circa 1800
C. The development of the demand regulator in 1943
D. The development of air pumps in the 19th century
C. The development of the demand regulator in 1943


Absolute pressure is defined as:

A. The pressure at the surface plus 1 ata
B. The weight of the water that surrounds the diver
C. The total pressure exerted on an object
D. All answers are correct
C. The total pressure exerted on an object


Gauge pressure is defined as:

A. The depth reading on a gauge
B. The pressure at the surface
C. Hydrostatic pressure minus 1 ata
D. Absolute pressure minus 1 ata
D. Absolute pressure minus 1 ata


One atmosphere of pressure is defined as:

A. 1 ata
B. Each 33 feet of depth in sea water
C. Each 34 feet of depth in freshwater
D. All answers are correct
D. All answers are correct


The greatest relative pressure change in seawater takes place between ____ and ____ feet.

A. 0/33
B. 33/66
C. 66/99
D. 99/132
A. 0/33


If you experience pain in the ear during descent:

A. Continue the descent while gently exhaling into the mask
B. Stop the descent and ascend until the pain stops
C. Abort the dive
D. Place a finger in the ear canal and gently massage the ear until the pain ceases
B. Stop the descent and ascend until the pain stops

, Underwater, the bending of light rays causes objects to appear to be _______.

A. Closer
B. Farther away
C. The same as the surface
D. At an angle consistent with the bend of light
A. Closer


Body heat is lost underwater at a rate of ______ than in air.

A. 10 times slower
B. 50 times faster
C. 25 to 30 times faster
D. same
C. 25 to 30 times faster


A high pressure scuba cylinder should be stored:

A. Lying flat with no air
B. With the valve slightly open to allow air expansion
C. Secured with a minimum of 500 to 750 psi
D. Secured with the valve open
C. Secured with a minimum of 500 to 750 psi


A scuba tank for recreational diving should be filled with:

A. A mixture of helium and oxygen
B. A mixture of hydrogen and oxygen
C. Pure, filtered compressed air or Nitrox
D. Pure oxygen
C. Pure, filtered compressed air or Nitrox


One of the primary factors contributing to heat loss for divers is:

A. Convection
B. Refraction
C. Absorption
D. Diffusion
A. Convection


The Delivery System components are:

A. A regulator and an alternate air source
B. A regulator, buoyancy compensation device, and a high pressure air cylinder
C. A regulator, alternate air source, and a high pressure scuba cylinder
D. A regulator and high pressure pressure air cylinder
C. A regulator, alternate air source, and a high pressure scuba cylinder


During normal diving activities, divers should never exceed an ascent rate of ____ feet per minute.

A. 20

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