HN 202-Exam 1 | Q & A| 2024 correct Answers
What are macronutrients? **** carbohydrates, fats, proteins that our diet requires
relatively large amounts.
What are mirconutrients? **** vitamins and minerals that our diet requires small
amounts
Function of macronutrients **** provides energy to fuel the body & building blocks to
grow and repair the body.
Function of micronutrients **** Help perform essential functions in the body. DOES
NOT provide energy!
What are calories? **** Units of heat that measure the energy used by the body and the
energy that foods supply to the body
What are the 2 simple carbohydrates (sugars)? **** monosaccharides (1-sugar) and
disaccharides (2-sugar)
What are examples of monosaccharides? **** glucose, fructose, galactose, ribose
What are examples of Disaccharides? **** sucrose, lactose, maltose
What are complex carbohydrates? **** polysaccharides- that contain many sugars
What are examples of complex carbohydrates? **** 1. starch and fiber in plants
2. glycogen in animals
True or false: 1 gram of carbohydrates provides 4 calories? **** True! 1 gram= 4
calories
True or false: Fiber is NOT essential for health? **** False! Fiber is *essential* for
health
What are the healthiest sources of carbohydrates? **** whole grain, veggies, fruit,
beans
True or false: Most carbohydrates come from plant foods? **** True. Most do but not
all.
Foods containing highly processed simple carbohydrates can be ______. ****
unhealthy.
, __________ form the bulk of lipids we ingest? **** Triglycerides
True or False: Triglycerides are the most energy-dense micronutrient? **** False! It's
the most energy-dense *macronutrient*
Where do we store energy as triglycerides in? **** The adipose tissue
True or false: Most of the fat we eat is in form of triglycerides? **** True! triglycerides
are made of 3 molecules of fatty acids and one molecule of glycerol
What are the two essential fatty acids? **** omega 3 and omega 6
these must come from our diet coming from foods such as fish omega 3 , & nuts,
vegetable oils omega 6
What is the function of phospholipids and sterols? **** They are part of the cell
membrane that provide structure.
True or false: Sterols form the backbone of many hormones? **** True! They provide
the backbone
What is the difference between unsaturated fats and saturated fats? **** 1. unsaturated
fats are liquids at room temp. They come mostly in foods from plants
2. saturated fats are solids at room temp
They come mostly in foods from animals
What are proteins made of? **** Chains of amino acids. Some are essential and some
need to come from food.
What are the function of proteins? **** they are necessary for cell growth, repair, and
maintenance of the body. Also necessary for the function and structure of cells and
tissues.
Can protein provide energy? **** Yes! and they can also be used as energy source 1
gram of protein = 4 calories
What are examples of proteins in animals and plants? **** 1. animals: meat, fish, eggs,
dairies
2. legumes, soy, nuts, seed
What are the components of food: Nutrients? **** Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins
Vitamins
What are macronutrients? **** carbohydrates, fats, proteins that our diet requires
relatively large amounts.
What are mirconutrients? **** vitamins and minerals that our diet requires small
amounts
Function of macronutrients **** provides energy to fuel the body & building blocks to
grow and repair the body.
Function of micronutrients **** Help perform essential functions in the body. DOES
NOT provide energy!
What are calories? **** Units of heat that measure the energy used by the body and the
energy that foods supply to the body
What are the 2 simple carbohydrates (sugars)? **** monosaccharides (1-sugar) and
disaccharides (2-sugar)
What are examples of monosaccharides? **** glucose, fructose, galactose, ribose
What are examples of Disaccharides? **** sucrose, lactose, maltose
What are complex carbohydrates? **** polysaccharides- that contain many sugars
What are examples of complex carbohydrates? **** 1. starch and fiber in plants
2. glycogen in animals
True or false: 1 gram of carbohydrates provides 4 calories? **** True! 1 gram= 4
calories
True or false: Fiber is NOT essential for health? **** False! Fiber is *essential* for
health
What are the healthiest sources of carbohydrates? **** whole grain, veggies, fruit,
beans
True or false: Most carbohydrates come from plant foods? **** True. Most do but not
all.
Foods containing highly processed simple carbohydrates can be ______. ****
unhealthy.
, __________ form the bulk of lipids we ingest? **** Triglycerides
True or False: Triglycerides are the most energy-dense micronutrient? **** False! It's
the most energy-dense *macronutrient*
Where do we store energy as triglycerides in? **** The adipose tissue
True or false: Most of the fat we eat is in form of triglycerides? **** True! triglycerides
are made of 3 molecules of fatty acids and one molecule of glycerol
What are the two essential fatty acids? **** omega 3 and omega 6
these must come from our diet coming from foods such as fish omega 3 , & nuts,
vegetable oils omega 6
What is the function of phospholipids and sterols? **** They are part of the cell
membrane that provide structure.
True or false: Sterols form the backbone of many hormones? **** True! They provide
the backbone
What is the difference between unsaturated fats and saturated fats? **** 1. unsaturated
fats are liquids at room temp. They come mostly in foods from plants
2. saturated fats are solids at room temp
They come mostly in foods from animals
What are proteins made of? **** Chains of amino acids. Some are essential and some
need to come from food.
What are the function of proteins? **** they are necessary for cell growth, repair, and
maintenance of the body. Also necessary for the function and structure of cells and
tissues.
Can protein provide energy? **** Yes! and they can also be used as energy source 1
gram of protein = 4 calories
What are examples of proteins in animals and plants? **** 1. animals: meat, fish, eggs,
dairies
2. legumes, soy, nuts, seed
What are the components of food: Nutrients? **** Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins
Vitamins
