Test 1: Patho Maryville Nurs 611 2024-2025
Questions & Correct Answers Already Graded
A+
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) - ANSSecretion of ADH and the perception of thirst are
stimulated by an increase in plasma osmolality
Apoptosis - ANSprogrammed death such as inflammation
ATP - ANSAdenosine Triphosphate is energy that needs oxygen. aerobic metabolism
Atrophy - ANSphysiologic atrophy of the thymus gland in childhood
Dysplasia - ANSNot a form of cellular adaptation
Effect of muscular atrophy on Na+ and K+ levels - ANSF&E: Total body K+
concentration decreases r/t decreased cellular mass
An increased Na+/K+ ratio suggests that the decreased cellular mass is accompanied
by an increased extracellular compartment
Ethanol - ANSLiver enzymes metabolize ethanol to acetaldehyde which causes hepatic
cellular dysfunction. Peroxisomes help to detoxify ethanol. Without peroxisomes the
ethanol is turned into fat in the liver (fatty liver)
explain the process that occurs in response to hypernatremia - ANSWater is drawn from
the intracellular space to the extravascular space in an effort to restore fluid balance.
Water follows Na+ outside of the cell causing it to shrink
Free radical - ANSAn electrically uncharged atom(s) that has an unpaired electron.
Having one electron that is unpaired makes the atom unstable so the atom either has to
take an electron from another molecule or give one away
Hypernatremia; what causes it - ANSNa+ greater than 147 mEq/L
inadequate free water intake; inappropriate administration of hypertonic saline solution;
over secretion of aldosterone
Hyperplasia - ANSincrease in number of cells
Compensatory hyperplasia would be the regeneration of liver cells when 70% of liver is
removed
Pathologic hyperplasia would be seen in the endometrium
Hypertrophy - ANSincrease in cell size
Physiologic hypertrophy would be increase in myocardial cell size r/t endurance training
Questions & Correct Answers Already Graded
A+
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) - ANSSecretion of ADH and the perception of thirst are
stimulated by an increase in plasma osmolality
Apoptosis - ANSprogrammed death such as inflammation
ATP - ANSAdenosine Triphosphate is energy that needs oxygen. aerobic metabolism
Atrophy - ANSphysiologic atrophy of the thymus gland in childhood
Dysplasia - ANSNot a form of cellular adaptation
Effect of muscular atrophy on Na+ and K+ levels - ANSF&E: Total body K+
concentration decreases r/t decreased cellular mass
An increased Na+/K+ ratio suggests that the decreased cellular mass is accompanied
by an increased extracellular compartment
Ethanol - ANSLiver enzymes metabolize ethanol to acetaldehyde which causes hepatic
cellular dysfunction. Peroxisomes help to detoxify ethanol. Without peroxisomes the
ethanol is turned into fat in the liver (fatty liver)
explain the process that occurs in response to hypernatremia - ANSWater is drawn from
the intracellular space to the extravascular space in an effort to restore fluid balance.
Water follows Na+ outside of the cell causing it to shrink
Free radical - ANSAn electrically uncharged atom(s) that has an unpaired electron.
Having one electron that is unpaired makes the atom unstable so the atom either has to
take an electron from another molecule or give one away
Hypernatremia; what causes it - ANSNa+ greater than 147 mEq/L
inadequate free water intake; inappropriate administration of hypertonic saline solution;
over secretion of aldosterone
Hyperplasia - ANSincrease in number of cells
Compensatory hyperplasia would be the regeneration of liver cells when 70% of liver is
removed
Pathologic hyperplasia would be seen in the endometrium
Hypertrophy - ANSincrease in cell size
Physiologic hypertrophy would be increase in myocardial cell size r/t endurance training
