BIO 201 Lecture Exam 1 Questions & Answers 100% Correct Verified 2024

BIO 201 Lecture Exam 1 Questions & Answers | 100% Correct | Verified 2024 How are anatomy and physiology related? - Anatomy is the study of the internal and external parts of the body. Physiology is how living organisms perform their vital functions. List and describe the specialties of anatomy. - Gross anatomy/macroscopic anatomy examines large, visible structures: -surface anatomy: exterior feat. -regional anatomy: body areas Systematic anatomy: groups of organs working together (skeletal system) -Developmental anatomy:from egg to maturity -clinical anatomy: medical specialties(surgical anatomy) Microscopic anatomy examines cells and molecules: -cytology: cells and their structures -histology: tissues and their structures List and describe the specialties of physiology - -Cell physiology: processes within and between cells -Organ physiology: functions of specific -Systemic physiology: functions of an organ system -Pathological physiology: effects of diseases Name the levels of structural organization that make up the human body and explain how they're related. - Chemical-cellular-tissue-organ-system-organism. Define metabolism. - the chemical reactions occurring in the cells and tissues of the bodyCompare and contrast catabolism with anabolism. Use examples to help understand the differences. - Catabolism: tearing down; decomposition of complex molecules within the body's cells or tissues(breaking down glucose) Anabolism: building up; synthesis of new molecules within the body's cells or tissues Define homeostasis and explain its importance - is the property of a system in which variables are regulated so that internal conditions remain stable and relatively constant. Compare and contrast intrinsic and extrinsic regulation. Use examples to help understand the difference - Intrinsic regulation: autoregulation -levels decrease at a tissue Extrinsic regulation: more distant regulation -during exercise List and describe the three control systems involved in maintaining homeostasis - Receptor (sensor) -respond to changes in the environment -sends info to control center Control Center (intergrator) -determines set point -analyzes info -determines appropriate response Effector -provides a means for response to the stimulus Compare and contrast negative and positive feedback. Use examples to help explain each. - Negative feedback: -includes homeostatic control mechanisms -shuts off the original stimulus, or reduces its intensity once balance in the body is reachedPositive feedback: -increases the original stimulus to push the variable farther -in the body this only occurs in blood clotting and birth of a baby Describe a person in anatomical position - hands at sides palms facing forward feet together on back Define Anterior - the front side Define posterior - the back side Define lateral - farther away from body Define medial - close to body Define proximal - closer to body-in terms of arm would be shoulder Define distal - farther from body-in terms of arm would be fingers Define superficial - toward or at the body surface Define deep - away from the body surface Define intermediate - In betweenBIO 201 Lecture Exam 1 Questions & Answers | 100% Correct | Verified 2024 How are anatomy and physiology related? - Anatomy is the study of the internal and external parts of the body. Physiology is how living organisms perform their vital functions. List and describe the specialties of anatomy. - Gross anatomy/macroscopic anatomy examines large, visible structures: -surface anatomy: exterior feat. -regional anatomy: body areas Systematic anatomy: groups of organs working together (skeletal system) -Developmental anatomy:from egg to maturity -clinical anatomy: medical specialties(surgical anatomy) Microscopic anatomy examines cells and molecules: -cytology: cells and their structures -histology: tissues and their structures List and describe the specialties of physiology - -Cell physiology: processes within and between cells -Organ physiology: functions of specific -Systemic physiology: functions of an organ system -Pathological physiology: effects of diseases Name the levels of structural organization that make up the human body and explain how they're related. - Chemical-cellular-tissue-organ-system-organism. Define metabolism. - the chemical reactions occurring in the cells and tissues of the bodyCompare and contrast catabolism with anabolism. Use examples to help understand the differences. - Catabolism: tearing down; decomposition of complex molecules within the body's cells or tissues(breaking down glucose) Anabolism: building up; synthesis of new molecules within the body's cells or tissues Define homeostasis and explain its importance - is the property of a system in which variables are regulated so that internal conditions remain stable and relatively constant. Compare and contrast intrinsic and extrinsic regulation. Use examples to help understand the difference - Intrinsic regulation: autoregulation -levels decrease at a tissue Extrinsic regulation: more distant regulation -during exercise List and describe the three control systems involved in maintaining homeostasis - Receptor (sensor) -respond to changes in the environment -sends info to control center Control Center (intergrator) -determines set point -analyzes info -determines appropriate response Effector -provides a means for response to the stimulus Compare and contrast negative and positive feedback. Use examples to help explain each. - Negative feedback: -includes homeostatic control mechanisms -shuts off the original stimulus, or reduces its intensity once balance in the body is reachedPositive feedback: -increases the original stimulus to push the variable farther -in the body this only occurs in blood clotting and birth of a baby Describe a person in anatomical position - hands at sides palms facing forward feet together on back Define Anterior - the front side Define posterior - the back side Define lateral - farther away from body Define medial - close to body Define proximal - closer to body-in terms of arm would be shoulder Define distal - farther from body-in terms of arm would be fingers Define superficial - toward or at the body surface Define deep - away from the body surface Define intermediate - In between