NEMATODES (ROUNDWORMS)
Common name Portal of entry Final site in host Source of Infection Clinical signs and Laboratory diagnosis
symptoms
ASCARIS Mouth Lumen of small Eggs from Abdominal distress, Eggs in stool
LUMBRICOIDES Giant intestinal intestines contaminated soil or intestinal destruction
roundworm food
TOXOCARA CANIS Ascarid of the dog Liver, eye, CNS — Eggs from Hepatosplenomegaly, High eosinophils,
causing VLM (Visceral contaminated soil skin rashes, history, serology,
larva migrans) pneumonitis, high serum IgE
chorioretinitis
TOXOCARA CATI Liver, eye, CNS Eggs from Hepatosplenomegaly, High eosinophils,
Ascarid of the cat contaminated soil skin rashes, history, serology,
causing VLM (Visceral pneumonitis, high serum IgE
chorioretinitis
larva migrans)
ENTEROBIUS Mouth Large intestines Eggs in environment, Anal pruritis, Scotch tape swab for
VERMICULARIS Pinworm, autoinfection irritability, Mother’s eggs in perianal area
seatworm complex
TRICHURIS TRICHIURA Whipworm Mouth Cecum and the rest of Eggs from Abdominal Eggs in stool
colon contaminated soil or discomfort, bloody
food stool, anemia
Common name Common Associated Origin Source of Infection
Disease and
Condition Names
CAPILLARIA Pudoc worm Pudoc disease Prevalent in the Ingestion of
, PHILIPPINENSIS Mystery disease northern Philippines uncooked fish
Has also been found harboring infective
in Thailand, Japan, larvae.
Taiwan, Iran, and Fresh water fishes:
Egypt ipon (Hypselotris
bipartita), birot,
bagsang, and bagtu
HOOKWORMS
Common name Portal of entry Final site in host Source of Infection Clinical signs and Laboratory diagnosis
symptoms
NECATOR
AMERICANUS New World Skin, usually feet Attached to Contact with GI symptoms in Eggs in stool
hookworm mucosa of small filariform larvae in early phase,
intestines soil anemia, weakness
ANCYLOSTOMA Contact with
DUODENALE Old World hookworm Skin, usually feet Attached to filariform larvae in GI symptoms in Eggs in stool
mucosa of small soil early phase,
intestines anemia, weakness
ANCYLOSTOMA Dog hookworm
CANINUM causing CLM Skin Intradermal Soil containing dog Serpinginous and History and physical exam
(Cutaneous larva hookworm larvae pruritic skin
migrans) or lesions
creeping eruption
ANCYLOSTOMA Cat hookworm
BRAZILIENSE causing CLM Skin Intradermal Soil containing cat Serpinginous and History and physical exam
(Cutaneous larva hookworm larvae pruritic skin
migrans) or lesions
creeping eruption
Common name Portal of entry Final site in host Source of Infection Clinical signs and Laboratory diagnosis
symptoms
ASCARIS Mouth Lumen of small Eggs from Abdominal distress, Eggs in stool
LUMBRICOIDES Giant intestinal intestines contaminated soil or intestinal destruction
roundworm food
TOXOCARA CANIS Ascarid of the dog Liver, eye, CNS — Eggs from Hepatosplenomegaly, High eosinophils,
causing VLM (Visceral contaminated soil skin rashes, history, serology,
larva migrans) pneumonitis, high serum IgE
chorioretinitis
TOXOCARA CATI Liver, eye, CNS Eggs from Hepatosplenomegaly, High eosinophils,
Ascarid of the cat contaminated soil skin rashes, history, serology,
causing VLM (Visceral pneumonitis, high serum IgE
chorioretinitis
larva migrans)
ENTEROBIUS Mouth Large intestines Eggs in environment, Anal pruritis, Scotch tape swab for
VERMICULARIS Pinworm, autoinfection irritability, Mother’s eggs in perianal area
seatworm complex
TRICHURIS TRICHIURA Whipworm Mouth Cecum and the rest of Eggs from Abdominal Eggs in stool
colon contaminated soil or discomfort, bloody
food stool, anemia
Common name Common Associated Origin Source of Infection
Disease and
Condition Names
CAPILLARIA Pudoc worm Pudoc disease Prevalent in the Ingestion of
, PHILIPPINENSIS Mystery disease northern Philippines uncooked fish
Has also been found harboring infective
in Thailand, Japan, larvae.
Taiwan, Iran, and Fresh water fishes:
Egypt ipon (Hypselotris
bipartita), birot,
bagsang, and bagtu
HOOKWORMS
Common name Portal of entry Final site in host Source of Infection Clinical signs and Laboratory diagnosis
symptoms
NECATOR
AMERICANUS New World Skin, usually feet Attached to Contact with GI symptoms in Eggs in stool
hookworm mucosa of small filariform larvae in early phase,
intestines soil anemia, weakness
ANCYLOSTOMA Contact with
DUODENALE Old World hookworm Skin, usually feet Attached to filariform larvae in GI symptoms in Eggs in stool
mucosa of small soil early phase,
intestines anemia, weakness
ANCYLOSTOMA Dog hookworm
CANINUM causing CLM Skin Intradermal Soil containing dog Serpinginous and History and physical exam
(Cutaneous larva hookworm larvae pruritic skin
migrans) or lesions
creeping eruption
ANCYLOSTOMA Cat hookworm
BRAZILIENSE causing CLM Skin Intradermal Soil containing cat Serpinginous and History and physical exam
(Cutaneous larva hookworm larvae pruritic skin
migrans) or lesions
creeping eruption
