Equivalent circuit of transformer
modified
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, Operating Principles and Construction
What is a Transformer?
A transformer is a static piece of equipment used either for raising or lowering
the voltage of an AC supply with a corresponding decrease or increase in
current.
The use of transformers in transmission system is shown in the Figure below.
Fig.3-1
Principle of Operation
A transformer in its simplest form will consist of a rectangular laminated
magnetic structure on which two coils of different number of turns are wound as
shown in Figure 3.2a.
Fig.3-2a
The winding to which AC voltage is impressed is called the primary of the
transformer and the winding across which the load is connected is called the
secondary of the transformer.
, Fig.3-2b
Depending upon the number of turns of the primary (N1) and secondary (N2), an
alternating emf (E2) is induced in the secondary. This induced emf (E2) in the
secondary causes a secondary current I2. Consequently, terminal voltage V2 will
appear across the load. If V2 > V1, it is called a step up-transformer. On the
other hand, if V2 < V1, it is called a step-down transformer.
When an alternating voltage V1 is applied to the primary, an alternating flux Φ
is set up in the core. This alternating flux links both the windings and induces
emfs E1 and E2 in them according to Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic
induction. The emf E1 is termed as primary emf and emf E2 is termed as
Secondary emf.
modified
written by
rajakumar395
Did you know a seller earn
an average of $450 per month
selling their study notes
on DocMerit
Scan the QR-code and learn how you can also turn your class
notes, study guides into real cash today.
DocMerit.com - The Best Study Notes
Uploaded by: rajakumar395 on DocMerit. Distribution of this document is illegal
, Operating Principles and Construction
What is a Transformer?
A transformer is a static piece of equipment used either for raising or lowering
the voltage of an AC supply with a corresponding decrease or increase in
current.
The use of transformers in transmission system is shown in the Figure below.
Fig.3-1
Principle of Operation
A transformer in its simplest form will consist of a rectangular laminated
magnetic structure on which two coils of different number of turns are wound as
shown in Figure 3.2a.
Fig.3-2a
The winding to which AC voltage is impressed is called the primary of the
transformer and the winding across which the load is connected is called the
secondary of the transformer.
, Fig.3-2b
Depending upon the number of turns of the primary (N1) and secondary (N2), an
alternating emf (E2) is induced in the secondary. This induced emf (E2) in the
secondary causes a secondary current I2. Consequently, terminal voltage V2 will
appear across the load. If V2 > V1, it is called a step up-transformer. On the
other hand, if V2 < V1, it is called a step-down transformer.
When an alternating voltage V1 is applied to the primary, an alternating flux Φ
is set up in the core. This alternating flux links both the windings and induces
emfs E1 and E2 in them according to Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic
induction. The emf E1 is termed as primary emf and emf E2 is termed as
Secondary emf.
