RUTGERS GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY FINAL EXAM KEIKO (NEW MATERIAL)
QUESTIONS 100% COMPLETED SOLVED ALREADY PASSED GRADED A++
What is the life change approach to measuring stress?
brings changes in how individual lives and requires considerable adaptation
What is the daily hassles approach to measuring stress?
minor annoying events which require some degree of adjustment
negative cumulative effects on health
What is Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) concept of cognitive appraisal?
Cognitive interpretations that affect the degree to which an individual experiences stress
reactions. Appraisal rather than objective circumstances
What are the stress and unhealthy behavior?
stress leads to unhealthy behaviors in attempt to cope with stress
What is Cannon's fight-or-flight mechanism?
when animals perceive threatening situations, respond with physiological reaction to
prepare for fighting or running away
What are the 3 stages of Selye's general adaption syndrome?
Alarm - body mobilizes to respond to stress
Resistance - efforts to take action to overcome stress
,Exhaustion - physical resources are depleted in the process of trying to overcome or
adjust to threat
What is Selye's general adaptation syndrome?
body responds to threatening stimuli by arousal of system of defenses
What was found in Cohen et al.'s (1993) study?
People that were more stressed were more susceptible to the cold virus
Stress = adrenal glands release epinephrine, norepinephrine = impaired immune
functioning
What is the toxic element of Type A personality?
hostility
Type B behavior pattern
relaxed, less competitive
Type A behavior pattern?
competitive, hostile, tense
Link between behavior pattern and heart disease
What are emotion-focused coping?
attempts to reduce distress emotions
problem-focused coping?
actions taken to change a stressful situation or reduce its effects
What was Rodin and Langer's (1976) "plant study?"
, Greater control lower stress response, better health
gave control to nursing home residents
What is optimism, and how is it related to health?
Tendency to believe that one will generally experience good vs. bad outcomes
Generally associated with positive health outcomes
What is the relation between social support and health?
help and companionship from others
better health
How are expressive writing, exercise, meditation, gratitude, and acts of kindness
related to stress and health?
Lower stress, health benefits
What are external (situational) attributions?
inference that a person's behavior is caused by something about the situation
What are internal (dispositional)?
inference that a person's behavior is caused by something about the person
What is the fundamental attribution error?
Fundamental attribution error - tendency to explain others' actions as stemming from
dispositions, even in the presence of clear situational causes
What was Jones and Harris's (1967) study in which participants read essays
supporting or opposing Castro?
QUESTIONS 100% COMPLETED SOLVED ALREADY PASSED GRADED A++
What is the life change approach to measuring stress?
brings changes in how individual lives and requires considerable adaptation
What is the daily hassles approach to measuring stress?
minor annoying events which require some degree of adjustment
negative cumulative effects on health
What is Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) concept of cognitive appraisal?
Cognitive interpretations that affect the degree to which an individual experiences stress
reactions. Appraisal rather than objective circumstances
What are the stress and unhealthy behavior?
stress leads to unhealthy behaviors in attempt to cope with stress
What is Cannon's fight-or-flight mechanism?
when animals perceive threatening situations, respond with physiological reaction to
prepare for fighting or running away
What are the 3 stages of Selye's general adaption syndrome?
Alarm - body mobilizes to respond to stress
Resistance - efforts to take action to overcome stress
,Exhaustion - physical resources are depleted in the process of trying to overcome or
adjust to threat
What is Selye's general adaptation syndrome?
body responds to threatening stimuli by arousal of system of defenses
What was found in Cohen et al.'s (1993) study?
People that were more stressed were more susceptible to the cold virus
Stress = adrenal glands release epinephrine, norepinephrine = impaired immune
functioning
What is the toxic element of Type A personality?
hostility
Type B behavior pattern
relaxed, less competitive
Type A behavior pattern?
competitive, hostile, tense
Link between behavior pattern and heart disease
What are emotion-focused coping?
attempts to reduce distress emotions
problem-focused coping?
actions taken to change a stressful situation or reduce its effects
What was Rodin and Langer's (1976) "plant study?"
, Greater control lower stress response, better health
gave control to nursing home residents
What is optimism, and how is it related to health?
Tendency to believe that one will generally experience good vs. bad outcomes
Generally associated with positive health outcomes
What is the relation between social support and health?
help and companionship from others
better health
How are expressive writing, exercise, meditation, gratitude, and acts of kindness
related to stress and health?
Lower stress, health benefits
What are external (situational) attributions?
inference that a person's behavior is caused by something about the situation
What are internal (dispositional)?
inference that a person's behavior is caused by something about the person
What is the fundamental attribution error?
Fundamental attribution error - tendency to explain others' actions as stemming from
dispositions, even in the presence of clear situational causes
What was Jones and Harris's (1967) study in which participants read essays
supporting or opposing Castro?
