A nursing student is preparing a prenatal
class on the process of fetal circulation. The
nurse instructor asks the student specifically
to describe the process through the umbilical
cord. Which of the following statements of
the student is correct?
A. “The 1 artery carries freshly oxygenated
blood and nutrient-rich blood from the placenta
to the fetus.”
B. “The 2 arteries carry freshly oxygenated
blood & nutrient rich blood from the placenta
to the fetus.”
C. “The 2 arteries in the umbilical cord carry
deoxygenated blood & waste products away
from the fetus to the placenta.”
D. “The 2 veins in the umbilical cord carry blood
that is high in carbon dioxide & the other waste
products away from the fetus to the placenta.”
Fetal circulation
- Umbilical cord contains 2 arteries. 1vein
- Arteries carry deoxygenated blood and waste
products from the fetus
- vein carries oxygenated blood and provides
oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. A pregnant client tells the clinic nurse that she
- bypass is present due to non functioning lungs wants to know the sex of the baby as soon as
- bypasses must close after birth to allow blood it can be determined. The nurse understands
to flow through the lungs and liver. that the client should be able to find out at 12
- Ductus venosus connects the umbilical vein week’s gestation because by the end of the
and inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver. 12th week, it is expected that:
- inferior oxy to right atrium then left side of A. The sex of the fetus can be determined by the
heart bec distribute the blood to major organs appearance of the external genitalia.
of the fetus. B. The sex of the fetus can be determined
- Foramen ovale is the opening between the because the external genitalia begins to
right and left atria of the heart, bypassing the differentiate.
lungs. C. The sex of the fetus can be determined
- Ductus ateriosus connects the pulmonary because the testes are descended to the scrotal
artery to the aorta, bypassing the lungs. sac.
D. The sex of the fetus can be determined
because the internal differences in males &
females become apparent.
MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING
,Lecithin to sphingomyelin = lung surfactant Beyond 40 weeks is called post term
To induce labor they give oxytocin
MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING
, Fetal development A nurse should explain which of the
1. Pre embryonic stage following to a pregnant client found to have
- First 2 weeks after conception a gynecoid pelvis?
2. Embryonic stage A. That her type of pelvis has a narrow pubic
- begins on day 15 and continues arch.
approximately the 8th week after conception B. That her type of pelvis is the most favorable
3. Fetal stage for labor & birth.
- Begins the 9th week after conception and C. That her type of pelvis is a wide pelvis, but
ends with birth has a short diameter.
D. That she will need a cesarean section
Fertilization because this type of pelvis is not favorable for
- Occurs within 24 hours of ovulation a normal labor & vaginal delivery.
- takes place when the sperm and ovum unite in
the upper region of the fallopian tubes
- After fertilization, the membrane of the ovum
undergoes changes that prevent the entry of
others sperm
- Each reproductive cell carries 23
chromosomes
- Sperm carries X or Y chromosome, while egg
carries X chromosome.
Implantation
- Zygote (fertilizes ovum is propelled toward
the uterus.
- Implants 6 to 8 days after fertilization GYNECOID
- Blastocyst (embryonic form) secretes chorionic -transversely rounded or blunt
gonadotropin to ensure that the corpus luteum - Normal female pelvis
remains viable; it secretes estrogen and - Most favorable for successful labor & birth
progesterone for 1st 2 to 3 months of gestation ANDROID
- wedge shaped or angulates
The nurse is performing an assessment on a - Resembles male pelvis
client who is at 38 weeks’ gestation & notes - Not favorable for labor; narrow pelvic planes
that the fetal heart rate is 174 bpm. On the ANTHROPOID
basis of this finding, the most appropriate - Oval shaped
nursing action is to: - Outlet is adequate for labor
A. Notify the physician. - Normal or moderately narrow pubic arch
B. Document the finding. PLATYPELLOID
C. Check the mother’s heart rate. - Flat shaped with an oval inlet
D. Tell the client that the fetal heart rate is - Inadequate for labor
normal. 120-160 normal heart rate of mother. - Anteroposterior diameter is short
160-170 during 1st trimester - Transverse diameter is wide
MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING
class on the process of fetal circulation. The
nurse instructor asks the student specifically
to describe the process through the umbilical
cord. Which of the following statements of
the student is correct?
A. “The 1 artery carries freshly oxygenated
blood and nutrient-rich blood from the placenta
to the fetus.”
B. “The 2 arteries carry freshly oxygenated
blood & nutrient rich blood from the placenta
to the fetus.”
C. “The 2 arteries in the umbilical cord carry
deoxygenated blood & waste products away
from the fetus to the placenta.”
D. “The 2 veins in the umbilical cord carry blood
that is high in carbon dioxide & the other waste
products away from the fetus to the placenta.”
Fetal circulation
- Umbilical cord contains 2 arteries. 1vein
- Arteries carry deoxygenated blood and waste
products from the fetus
- vein carries oxygenated blood and provides
oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. A pregnant client tells the clinic nurse that she
- bypass is present due to non functioning lungs wants to know the sex of the baby as soon as
- bypasses must close after birth to allow blood it can be determined. The nurse understands
to flow through the lungs and liver. that the client should be able to find out at 12
- Ductus venosus connects the umbilical vein week’s gestation because by the end of the
and inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver. 12th week, it is expected that:
- inferior oxy to right atrium then left side of A. The sex of the fetus can be determined by the
heart bec distribute the blood to major organs appearance of the external genitalia.
of the fetus. B. The sex of the fetus can be determined
- Foramen ovale is the opening between the because the external genitalia begins to
right and left atria of the heart, bypassing the differentiate.
lungs. C. The sex of the fetus can be determined
- Ductus ateriosus connects the pulmonary because the testes are descended to the scrotal
artery to the aorta, bypassing the lungs. sac.
D. The sex of the fetus can be determined
because the internal differences in males &
females become apparent.
MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING
,Lecithin to sphingomyelin = lung surfactant Beyond 40 weeks is called post term
To induce labor they give oxytocin
MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING
, Fetal development A nurse should explain which of the
1. Pre embryonic stage following to a pregnant client found to have
- First 2 weeks after conception a gynecoid pelvis?
2. Embryonic stage A. That her type of pelvis has a narrow pubic
- begins on day 15 and continues arch.
approximately the 8th week after conception B. That her type of pelvis is the most favorable
3. Fetal stage for labor & birth.
- Begins the 9th week after conception and C. That her type of pelvis is a wide pelvis, but
ends with birth has a short diameter.
D. That she will need a cesarean section
Fertilization because this type of pelvis is not favorable for
- Occurs within 24 hours of ovulation a normal labor & vaginal delivery.
- takes place when the sperm and ovum unite in
the upper region of the fallopian tubes
- After fertilization, the membrane of the ovum
undergoes changes that prevent the entry of
others sperm
- Each reproductive cell carries 23
chromosomes
- Sperm carries X or Y chromosome, while egg
carries X chromosome.
Implantation
- Zygote (fertilizes ovum is propelled toward
the uterus.
- Implants 6 to 8 days after fertilization GYNECOID
- Blastocyst (embryonic form) secretes chorionic -transversely rounded or blunt
gonadotropin to ensure that the corpus luteum - Normal female pelvis
remains viable; it secretes estrogen and - Most favorable for successful labor & birth
progesterone for 1st 2 to 3 months of gestation ANDROID
- wedge shaped or angulates
The nurse is performing an assessment on a - Resembles male pelvis
client who is at 38 weeks’ gestation & notes - Not favorable for labor; narrow pelvic planes
that the fetal heart rate is 174 bpm. On the ANTHROPOID
basis of this finding, the most appropriate - Oval shaped
nursing action is to: - Outlet is adequate for labor
A. Notify the physician. - Normal or moderately narrow pubic arch
B. Document the finding. PLATYPELLOID
C. Check the mother’s heart rate. - Flat shaped with an oval inlet
D. Tell the client that the fetal heart rate is - Inadequate for labor
normal. 120-160 normal heart rate of mother. - Anteroposterior diameter is short
160-170 during 1st trimester - Transverse diameter is wide
MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING
