HUSH Spring Final Study Guide Review with updated and Correct Questions and Answers 100% A+ Graded Excel

HUSH Spring Final Study Guide Review with updated and Correct Questions and Answers 100% A+ Graded Excel John D. Rockefeller - CORRECT ANSWER-a tycoon who, after successfully consolidating the oil industry by 1879, formed the Standard Oil Trust in 1882. the standard oil trust consisted of 40 corporations that controlled every phase of oil refining. the trust was ordered dissolved by ohio courts in 1892, was then reorganized as a holding company, but was permanently dissolved by a supreme court order in 1911. rockefeller retired from active control of the business in that year and devoted his efforts to charity. the rockefeller institute for medical research was established in 1901, and the rockefeller foundation in 1913. by 1937, when rockefeller died, over 530,000,000 was given away. William Jennings Bryan - CORRECT ANSWER-was beat by William Taft. an american orator and politician from nebraska. he was a dominant force in the democratic party standing three times as the party's nominee for president of the united states. Alfred Thayer Mahan - CORRECT ANSWER-american naval officer and historian. his philosophies had a major influence on the navies of many nations resulting in igniting of naval races between countries wrote the influence of sea power upon history which argued that control of the sea was the key to world dominance; it stimulated the naval race among the great powers Henry Ford & automobiles - CORRECT ANSWER-evolutionized the automobile industry. by 1914, he had introduced the 8 hour day into all his plants with minimum wage of 5.00 per day. this self made man was responsible for producing an affordable automobile. the ford motor company was partly responsible for making the auto industry a major force in the american economy. many other industries like petroleum and construction depended on it to survive. Charles Lindbergh - CORRECT ANSWER-an american aviator, engineer, and pulitzer prize winner. he was famous for flying solo across the atlantic, paving the way for future aviational development Jackie Robinson - CORRECT ANSWER-the first African american player in major league baseball. his actions helped bring about other opportunities for african americans. Joseph McCarthy - CORRECT ANSWER-republican senator from wisconsin who was strongly against communism. he claimed there were many communists in the state department. he was censored by congress and lost his seat. Dr. Benjamin Spock - CORRECT ANSWER-author who popularized motherhood in his prevailing widely consulting books such as baby and child care first published in 1946. this book advised women to stay home with their children Bobby Kennedy (RFK) - CORRECT ANSWER-one of the democratic contenders for the presidential nomination. he defeated eugene mccarthy in the california primary. he was assassinated by Sirhan Sirhan, a palestinian who opposed kennedy's pro israel stand, on june 5 1968 as he was leaving the ballroom of a losangeles hotel. Lyndon Johnson - CORRECT ANSWER-democrat, vice president under kennedy, was challenged by barry goldwater in the election of 1964. he offered a liberal agenda. johnson won 61 percent of the popular vote, one of the greatest landslides in history. he believed that the united states had an obligation to resist communism in vietnam, and therefore escalated involvement in the war. supported affirmative action which requited blacks for jobs to compensate for past injustices. initiated the affirmative action plan as an executive order in 1965 and later excluded the guidelines to include women. announced that he would not seek reelection for and declared a halt to the bombing of north vietnam Richard Nixon - CORRECT ANSWER-elected president in 1968 and 1972 representing the republican party. he was responsible for getting the united states out of the vietnam war by using vietnamization which was the withdrawal of 540,000 troops from south vietnam for an extended period. he was responsible for the nixon doctrine and was the first president to ever resign due to the watergate scandal. Groups of people/Organizations American Federation of Labor - CORRECT ANSWER-The American Federation of Labor was a union of skilled laborers formed by Samuel Gompers in 1866. The AFL quickly became one of the most powerful unions in the United States. They achieved success by avoiding larger political questions in favor of "bread and butter issues" such as shorter work days and higher wages for union members. It merged with its rival, the Confederation of Industrial Organizations in 1955 to form AFL-CIO. ECONOMIC. New Immigration vs. Old Immigration-Old - CORRECT ANSWER-Northern European (English, Germans, Irish Catholics), assimilated easier, high skill level, often spoke English New: South/Eastern, wouldn't assimilate, close - CORRECT ANSWER-knit community, uneducated, poor, unskilled laborers Farmers and sharecroppers - CORRECT ANSWER-Landowners rented land to farmers who usually supplied them with farming tools and a crude house, farmers grew crops for landowners and kept a small percentage, often not enough to sell. Farmers lived in poverty as a result Tuskegee Institute - CORRECT ANSWER-A normal and industrial school led by Booker T. Washington in Tuskegee, Alabama. It focused on training young black students in agriculture and the trades to help them achieve economic independence. Washington justified segregated, vocational training as a necessary first step on the road to racial equality, although critics accused him of being too "accommodationist". Muckrakers - CORRECT ANSWER-nickname given to young reporters of popular magazines. These magazines spent a lot of money on researching and digging up "muck," hence the name muckrakers. This name was given to them by Pres. Roosevelt- 1906. These investigative journalists were trying to make the public aware of problems that needed fixing. Progressive Party - CORRECT ANSWER-Also known as the "Bull Moose" Party, known for its strong commitment to progressive causes that had become popular over the past two decades. The party advocated additional regulation of industry and trusts, sweeping reforms of many areas of government, compensation by the government for workers injured on the job, pensions for the elderly and for widows with children, and women suffrage. League of Nations - CORRECT ANSWER-pt 14, International organization founded in 1919 to promote world peace and cooperation but greatly weakened by the refusal of the United States to join. It proved ineffectual in stopping aggression by Italy, Japan, and Germany in the 1930s. Wilson's proposed international body that constituted the key provision of the Versailles Treaty Prominent writers in the 1920s - CORRECT ANSWER-upton sinclair-jungle f. scott fitzgerald-gatsby langston hughes- harlem renaissance the negro speaks rivers and my people- poet sinclair lewis-satire, Babbit hemingway-war, sun also rises, farewell to arms Women in the 1920s - CORRECT ANSWER-carrie chapman catt- NAWSA president advocate for women's suffrage and founded the league of women voters