INP Session 4 – Maternity Questions and Answers 2024
What are some factors to consider when looking at cultural influences? **** Health
Beliefs
Values
Practices
Interpreter
Dietary practices
What are the 4 stages of labour and delivery? **** 1. Onset of contractions until 10 cm
or full dilation
2. Delivery of baby
3. Delivery of placenta
4. First 2 hours postpartum
What is SVD? **** spontaneous vaginal delivery (ideal)
What are some alternatives to SVD? **** Forceps
Vacuum
Cesarean or C-section
Perineum (episiotomies, tears)
What is an en caul delivery? **** when the infant is born inside the entire amniotic sac
Desribe the postpartum changes in the mother in regards to breasts. **** Engorgement
(takes 72 hours for milk to form)
Nursing Care
Nipple Care: sore, crac, bleed
Desribe the postpartum changes in the mother in regards to uterus. **** Involution
Uterine lining
Afterpains
Descent of uterine fundus
Desribe the postpartum changes in the mother in regards to cervix perineum. ****
Episiotomy
REEDA ax (Redness, Edema, Ecchymosis, Discharge, Approximation)
Desribe the postpartum changes in the mother in regards to lochia. **** Rubra
Serosa
Alba
, Desribe the postpartum changes in the mother in regards to the cardiovascular system.
**** -During pregnancy: CO and BV have a 50% increase
-Increased risk of coagulation due to plasminogen and antiplasmin concentration rise
-Blood values: inc WBC due to stress/pain, dec HGB
-Chills due to increased adrenaline
-Orthostatic hypotension due to blood and fluid loss/adjustment
Desribe the postpartum changes in the mother in regards to the urinary system. ****
Full bladder can displace uterus and lead to postpartum hemorrhage
Increased risk of UTI due to inability to fully empty
Decreased bladder tone and sensation to void
Diuresis
Desribe the postpartum changes in the mother in regards to the GI system. ****
Constipation is common
Desribe the postpartum changes in the mother in regards to the integumentary system.
**** Hyperpigmentation of the skin changes as hormone levels decrease
Linea nigra disappears (vertical line on pregnant belly)
Striae fade to silver
Desribe the postpartum changes in the mother in regards to the musculoskeletal
system. **** Diastasis recti
Hypermobility of joints
Exercies: head lift, pelvi lift, kegel exercises and abd muscle tightening
What are some changes after a c-section birth? What adaptations need to be made to
nursing care? **** Monitoring of abd dressing/incision
Lochia generally less
Urinary catheter and IV
Respiratory care
Prevention of DVT
Interventions for pain
Mobility restrictions
What are some emotional changes in the mother? **** -Postpartum blues/depression
-Postpartum psychosis
-Father and sibling adjustments
-Rubsing Psychological Changes of the Puerperium
What are the phases of Rubsing Psychological Changes of the Puerperium? **** Phase
1:
Phase 2:
Phase 3:
What are some factors to consider when looking at cultural influences? **** Health
Beliefs
Values
Practices
Interpreter
Dietary practices
What are the 4 stages of labour and delivery? **** 1. Onset of contractions until 10 cm
or full dilation
2. Delivery of baby
3. Delivery of placenta
4. First 2 hours postpartum
What is SVD? **** spontaneous vaginal delivery (ideal)
What are some alternatives to SVD? **** Forceps
Vacuum
Cesarean or C-section
Perineum (episiotomies, tears)
What is an en caul delivery? **** when the infant is born inside the entire amniotic sac
Desribe the postpartum changes in the mother in regards to breasts. **** Engorgement
(takes 72 hours for milk to form)
Nursing Care
Nipple Care: sore, crac, bleed
Desribe the postpartum changes in the mother in regards to uterus. **** Involution
Uterine lining
Afterpains
Descent of uterine fundus
Desribe the postpartum changes in the mother in regards to cervix perineum. ****
Episiotomy
REEDA ax (Redness, Edema, Ecchymosis, Discharge, Approximation)
Desribe the postpartum changes in the mother in regards to lochia. **** Rubra
Serosa
Alba
, Desribe the postpartum changes in the mother in regards to the cardiovascular system.
**** -During pregnancy: CO and BV have a 50% increase
-Increased risk of coagulation due to plasminogen and antiplasmin concentration rise
-Blood values: inc WBC due to stress/pain, dec HGB
-Chills due to increased adrenaline
-Orthostatic hypotension due to blood and fluid loss/adjustment
Desribe the postpartum changes in the mother in regards to the urinary system. ****
Full bladder can displace uterus and lead to postpartum hemorrhage
Increased risk of UTI due to inability to fully empty
Decreased bladder tone and sensation to void
Diuresis
Desribe the postpartum changes in the mother in regards to the GI system. ****
Constipation is common
Desribe the postpartum changes in the mother in regards to the integumentary system.
**** Hyperpigmentation of the skin changes as hormone levels decrease
Linea nigra disappears (vertical line on pregnant belly)
Striae fade to silver
Desribe the postpartum changes in the mother in regards to the musculoskeletal
system. **** Diastasis recti
Hypermobility of joints
Exercies: head lift, pelvi lift, kegel exercises and abd muscle tightening
What are some changes after a c-section birth? What adaptations need to be made to
nursing care? **** Monitoring of abd dressing/incision
Lochia generally less
Urinary catheter and IV
Respiratory care
Prevention of DVT
Interventions for pain
Mobility restrictions
What are some emotional changes in the mother? **** -Postpartum blues/depression
-Postpartum psychosis
-Father and sibling adjustments
-Rubsing Psychological Changes of the Puerperium
What are the phases of Rubsing Psychological Changes of the Puerperium? **** Phase
1:
Phase 2:
Phase 3:
