PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM PRACTICE QUIZ WITH 100 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM PRACTICE QUIZ WITH 100 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Following hip replacement surgery, the client has had many weeks of physical therapy. Upon assessing the wound, it is still red and draining thick, green, odoriferous secretions. The client has limited range-of-motion and is constantly reporting pain. The physician explains that the hip device needs to be removed. Why is removal required? a. A fragment of bone may be rubbing at the insertion site of the joint and keeping it inflamed. b. The body considers the hip replacement device a foreign body and an infection has developed around the joint. c. The device is impeding the supply of nutrients and oxygen to reach the inflamed area. d. No amount of antibiotic therapy will be able to reach the area around the new joint and kill the infection. - b A nurse is assessing a client for the classic signs of acute inflammation. The nurse would assess the client for: a. Cyanosis, heat, and swelling b. Paresthesias, redness, and coolness c. Pain, pulselessness, and edema d. Rubor, swelling, and pain - d During a review session discussing cells, a student asks, "What do you call it when a cell becomes more specialized in terms of structure?" Which response answers the question correctly? a. Cell proliferation b. Matrix c. Mitosis d. Cell differentiation - d A client with pneumonia is admitted with these vital signs: temperature 99.7ºF (37.6°F), pulse 80 beats/min, respirations 18/minute, and BP 120/80 mm Hg. Which set of vital signs does the nurse anticipate when the client begins to shiver and requests another blanket several hours later? a. T 98.4ºF (36.9°C), P 82/min, R 16/min, BP 106/70 mm Hg b. T 100.9ºF (38.3°C), P 90/min, R 20/min, BP 126/80 mm Hg c. T 99.7ºF (37.6°C), P 86/min, R 18/min, BP 130/82 mm Hg d. T 97.2ºF (36.2°C), P 70/min, R 12/min, BP 114/60 mmHg - b The daughter of a 79-year-old woman asks the nurse why her mother gets so many infections. The daughter states, "My mother has always been healthy, but now she has pneumonia. Last month she got cellulitis from a bug bite she scratched. The month before that was some other infection. How come she seems to get sick so often now?" What is the nurse's best response? a. As people get older, their immune system does not respond as well as it did when they were younger. b. About the time we are 75 or 76 years old, our immune system quits working. c. Your mother gets infections frequently because she wants attention from you. d. Your mother just seems to be prone to getting infections. - a The nurse is teaching a male client who has been diagnosed as HIV positive. The client asks what precautions he should take to prevent his family members from contracting HIV. Which statement will the nurse include in teaching this client? a. You and your family members should use separate toilet facilities. b. You should not place your toothbrush near the other family members' toothbrushes. c. Family members should not come in contact with your blood. d. Dishes and eating utensils should be soaked in bleach. - c A client stepped on a nail at work. The emergency room physician prescribes a tetanus "booster" shot. The client asks the nurse, "If I have already been vaccinated for tetanus why do I need to have another shot?" How should the nurse respond? a. "If you have questions about your treatment, I will ask the physician to come back in and talk to you." b. "Tetanus can mutate and form a new strain; therefore yearly vaccinations are recommended." c. "Your initial vaccination is outdated so you are no longer immune to tetanus." d. "The booster shot will stimulate your immune system's memory, causing an immediate rise in antibodies to protect you from an infection." - d Which situation can best be characterized as an example of passive immunity? a. A 6-month-old infant receives his scheduled immunization against measles, mumps, and rubella. b. A 6-week-old infant receives antibodies from his mother's breast milk. c. An 8-year-old girl recovers from a respiratory infection after intravenous antibiotic treatment. d. A 9-year-old boy is immune to chickenpox after enduring the infection 1 year previous. - b The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acts on which type of cells? a. White blood cells b. CD4+ T lymphocytes c. Red blood cells d. CD8+ T lymphocytes - b A client who is scheduled to have a tissue specimen removed for microscopic study will undergo which test?