Page 1 of 34
FOUNDATIONS MIDTERM EXAM JERSEY COLLEGE
Sister Callista Roy - ANSWER✔✔Nursing interventions are needed when individuals demonstrate
ineffective adaptive responses; adaptive modes. adaptation model, relationships between persons,
universe, god, Adaptation model: assistance with the adaptation to stressors to facilitate the integration
process of the client. Theory helps the "biospsychosocial" client modify external stimuli, adaptation will
occur
evidence-based practice - ANSWER✔✔in nursing is a problem solving approach to making clinical
decisions using the best evidence available
Standards of Nursing Practice - ANSWER✔✔allow nurses to carry out professional roles, serving as
protection for the nurse, the patient, and the institution where health care is provided
Nurse Practice Act - ANSWER✔✔laws established in each state in the US to regulate the practice of
nursing
poison control center - ANSWER✔✔a 24-hour hot line that provides emergency medical advice on
treating poisoning victims
sentinel event - ANSWER✔✔an unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical or
psychological injury, or the risk thereof
restraints - ANSWER✔✔are physical devices used to limit a patients movement
*always require an order , a reason, and need to be checked every 2 hours
RACE - ANSWER✔✔rescue anyone in immediate danger
1
,Page 2 of 34
activate the fire code
confine the fire by closing doors and windows, Evacuate the patients and others to a safe area
safety event report (incident report) - ANSWER✔✔Don't chart that you wrote a report
Skin - ANSWER✔✔the body's 1st line of defense and largest organ
advocate - ANSWER✔✔the protection of human or legal rights and the securing of care for all patients
based on the belief that patients have the right to make informed decisions about their health and lives
caregiver - ANSWER✔✔The provision of care to patients that combines both the art and the science of
nursing in meeting physical, emotional, intellectual, sociocultural, and spiritual needs. As a caregiver, the
nurse integrates the roles of communicator, teacher, counselor, leader, researcher, advocate, and
collaborator to promote wellness through activities that prevent illness, restore health, and facilitate
coping with disability or death. The role of caregiver is the primary role of the nurse.
4 Nursing Aims - ANSWER✔✔
1. promotes health
2. prevent illness/disease
3. restore health
4. facilitate coping with disability or death(die with dignity)
Florence Nightingale - ANSWER✔✔Established sanitary nursing care units. Founder of modern nursing.
began professional education of nursing.
nursing profession criteria - ANSWER✔✔well defined body of specific and unique knowledge
2
,Page 3 of 34
strong service oriented
recognized authority by a professional group
Code of Ethics
Professional organization that sets standards
Ongoing research
Autonomy and self-regulation
Nursing Process - ANSWER✔✔Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
Used by the nurse to identify the patients health care needs and strengths, to establish and carry out a
care plan to meet those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan
Sources of Knowledge - ANSWER✔✔Traditional-passed down from generation to generation
Authoritative-comes from an expert
Scientific-implying through research (scientific method)
General Systems Theory - ANSWER✔✔how to break whole things into parts and then to learn how the
parts work together in systems
Adaptation Theory - ANSWER✔✔defines adaptation as the adjustment of living matter to other living
things and to environmental conditions
3
, Page 4 of 34
developmental theory - ANSWER✔✔process of growth and development of humans as orderly and
predictable, beginning with conception and ending with death
nursing theory - ANSWER✔✔differentiates nursing from other disciplines and activities by serving the
purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling desired outcomes of nursing care practices
deductive reasoning - ANSWER✔✔general to specific
inductive reasoning - ANSWER✔✔specific to general
Common Concepts in Nursing Theories - ANSWER✔✔Person (patient)
Environment
Health
Nursing
PICOT format - ANSWER✔✔Patient population
Intervention or issue of interest
Comparison intervention
Outcome
Time frame
holistic health care - ANSWER✔✔care that addresses the many dimensions that comprise the whole
person- the nurse must understand and respect each persons own definition of health and responses to
illness
acute illness - ANSWER✔✔has a rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a relatively short time
4
FOUNDATIONS MIDTERM EXAM JERSEY COLLEGE
Sister Callista Roy - ANSWER✔✔Nursing interventions are needed when individuals demonstrate
ineffective adaptive responses; adaptive modes. adaptation model, relationships between persons,
universe, god, Adaptation model: assistance with the adaptation to stressors to facilitate the integration
process of the client. Theory helps the "biospsychosocial" client modify external stimuli, adaptation will
occur
evidence-based practice - ANSWER✔✔in nursing is a problem solving approach to making clinical
decisions using the best evidence available
Standards of Nursing Practice - ANSWER✔✔allow nurses to carry out professional roles, serving as
protection for the nurse, the patient, and the institution where health care is provided
Nurse Practice Act - ANSWER✔✔laws established in each state in the US to regulate the practice of
nursing
poison control center - ANSWER✔✔a 24-hour hot line that provides emergency medical advice on
treating poisoning victims
sentinel event - ANSWER✔✔an unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical or
psychological injury, or the risk thereof
restraints - ANSWER✔✔are physical devices used to limit a patients movement
*always require an order , a reason, and need to be checked every 2 hours
RACE - ANSWER✔✔rescue anyone in immediate danger
1
,Page 2 of 34
activate the fire code
confine the fire by closing doors and windows, Evacuate the patients and others to a safe area
safety event report (incident report) - ANSWER✔✔Don't chart that you wrote a report
Skin - ANSWER✔✔the body's 1st line of defense and largest organ
advocate - ANSWER✔✔the protection of human or legal rights and the securing of care for all patients
based on the belief that patients have the right to make informed decisions about their health and lives
caregiver - ANSWER✔✔The provision of care to patients that combines both the art and the science of
nursing in meeting physical, emotional, intellectual, sociocultural, and spiritual needs. As a caregiver, the
nurse integrates the roles of communicator, teacher, counselor, leader, researcher, advocate, and
collaborator to promote wellness through activities that prevent illness, restore health, and facilitate
coping with disability or death. The role of caregiver is the primary role of the nurse.
4 Nursing Aims - ANSWER✔✔
1. promotes health
2. prevent illness/disease
3. restore health
4. facilitate coping with disability or death(die with dignity)
Florence Nightingale - ANSWER✔✔Established sanitary nursing care units. Founder of modern nursing.
began professional education of nursing.
nursing profession criteria - ANSWER✔✔well defined body of specific and unique knowledge
2
,Page 3 of 34
strong service oriented
recognized authority by a professional group
Code of Ethics
Professional organization that sets standards
Ongoing research
Autonomy and self-regulation
Nursing Process - ANSWER✔✔Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
Used by the nurse to identify the patients health care needs and strengths, to establish and carry out a
care plan to meet those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan
Sources of Knowledge - ANSWER✔✔Traditional-passed down from generation to generation
Authoritative-comes from an expert
Scientific-implying through research (scientific method)
General Systems Theory - ANSWER✔✔how to break whole things into parts and then to learn how the
parts work together in systems
Adaptation Theory - ANSWER✔✔defines adaptation as the adjustment of living matter to other living
things and to environmental conditions
3
, Page 4 of 34
developmental theory - ANSWER✔✔process of growth and development of humans as orderly and
predictable, beginning with conception and ending with death
nursing theory - ANSWER✔✔differentiates nursing from other disciplines and activities by serving the
purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling desired outcomes of nursing care practices
deductive reasoning - ANSWER✔✔general to specific
inductive reasoning - ANSWER✔✔specific to general
Common Concepts in Nursing Theories - ANSWER✔✔Person (patient)
Environment
Health
Nursing
PICOT format - ANSWER✔✔Patient population
Intervention or issue of interest
Comparison intervention
Outcome
Time frame
holistic health care - ANSWER✔✔care that addresses the many dimensions that comprise the whole
person- the nurse must understand and respect each persons own definition of health and responses to
illness
acute illness - ANSWER✔✔has a rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a relatively short time
4
