MOBILE COMPUTING
UNIT-I
Introduction-Mobile Computing – Mobile Computing Vs wireless Networking –
Mobile Computing Applications – Characteristics of Mobile computing – Structure of Mobile
Computing Application. MAC Protocols – Wireless MAC Issues. Fixed Assignment Schemes
– Random Assignment Schemes – Reservation Based Schemes
1.1 MOBILE COMPUTING
Mobile Computing is a technology that allows transmission of data, voice and video
via a computer or any other wireless enabled device without having to be connected to a fixed
physical link.
obile Computing is the use of portable computing devices (such as laptop and handheld
computers) in conjunction with mobile communications technologies to enable users to
access the Internet and data on their home or work computers from anywhere in the world.
It is the process of computation on a mobile device. In mobile computing, a set of distributed
computing systems or service provider servers participate, connect, and synchronise through
mobile communication protocols.
Mobile computing is a generic term describing ability to use the technology to wirelessly
connect to and use centrally located information and/or application software through the
application of small, portable, and wireless computing and communication devices. It
provides decentralized (distributed) computations on diversified devices, systems, and
networks, which are mobile, synchronized, and interconnected via mobile communication
standards and protocols. Mobile device does not restrict itself to just one
application, such as, voice communication.
The main concept involves −
· Mobile communication
· Mobile hardware
,· Mobile software
Mobile communication
The mobile communication in this case, refers to the infrastructure put in place to
ensure that seamless and reliable communication goes on. These would include devices
such as protocols, services, bandwidth, and portals necessary to facilitate and support the
stated services. The data format is also defined at this stage. This ensures that there is no
collision with other existing systems which offer the same service.
Since the media is unguided / unbounded, the overlaying infrastructure is basically
radio wave-oriented. That is, the signals are carried over the air to intended devices that
are capable of receiving and sending similar kinds of signals.
Mobile Hardware
Mobile hardware includes mobile devices or device components that receive or access the
service of mobility. They would range from portable laptops, smart phones, tablet Pc's,
Personal Digital Assistants.
, These devices will have a receptor medium that is capable of sensing and receiving
signals. These devices are configured to operate in full- duplex, whereby they are capable of
sending and receiving signals at the same time.
They don't have to wait until one device has finished communicating for the other
device to initiate communications. Above mentioned devices use an existing and established
network to operate on. In most cases, it would be a wireless network.
Mobile software
Mobile software is the actual program that runs on the mobile hardware. It deals with
the characteristics and requirements of mobile applications. This is the engine of the mobile
device. In other terms, it is the operating system of the appliance. It's the essential component
that operates the mobile device.
Since portability is the main factor, this type of computing ensures that users are not
tied or pinned to a single physical location, but are able to operate from anywhere. It
incorporates all aspects of wireless communications.
, Evolution of Mobile Computing
In today's computing world, different technologies have emerged. These have grown
to support the existing computer networks all over the world. With mobile computing,
we find that the need to be confined within one physical location has been eradicated.
We hear of terms such as telecommuting, which is being able to work from home or
the field but at the same time accessing resources as if one is in the office.
The advent of portable computers and laptops, Personal Digital Assistants (PDA), PC
tablets and smart phones, has in turn made mobile computing very convenient. The
portability of these devices ensure and enable the users to access all services as if they
were in the internal network of their company. For example, the use of Tablet PC and
iPads. This new technology enables the users to update documents, surf the internet,
send and receive e-mail, stream live video files, take photographs and also support
video and voice conferencing.
The constant and ever increasing demand for superior and robust smart devices has been a
catalyst for market share. Each manufacturer is trying to carve a niche for himself in the
market. These devices are invented and innovated to provide state-of-the-art applications and
services. For instance, different manufacturers of cellular phones have come up with unique
smart phones that are capable of performing the same task as computers and at the same
processing speed.
The market share for different competitors is constantly being fought for. For
example, the manufacturers of Apple's iPhone OS, Google's Android' Microsoft Windows
Mobile, Research In Motion's Blackberry OS, are constantly competing to offer better
products with each release.
The need for better, portable, affordable, and robust technology has made these
vendors to constantly be innovative. Market figure and statistics show an ever growing need
to purchase and use such devices for either professional or personal use. It is in this light that
services to suit long-term implementation are developed or innovated. It has also pushed
other industry vendors to adopt services that will provide better services.
For example, cellular service providers are forced to improve and be innovative to
capture more subscribers. This can be in terms of superior services such as high speed
internet and data access, voice and video service etc. Hence the adoption of different
generations of networks like of 2G, 2.5G, 3G, 4G network services.
UNIT-I
Introduction-Mobile Computing – Mobile Computing Vs wireless Networking –
Mobile Computing Applications – Characteristics of Mobile computing – Structure of Mobile
Computing Application. MAC Protocols – Wireless MAC Issues. Fixed Assignment Schemes
– Random Assignment Schemes – Reservation Based Schemes
1.1 MOBILE COMPUTING
Mobile Computing is a technology that allows transmission of data, voice and video
via a computer or any other wireless enabled device without having to be connected to a fixed
physical link.
obile Computing is the use of portable computing devices (such as laptop and handheld
computers) in conjunction with mobile communications technologies to enable users to
access the Internet and data on their home or work computers from anywhere in the world.
It is the process of computation on a mobile device. In mobile computing, a set of distributed
computing systems or service provider servers participate, connect, and synchronise through
mobile communication protocols.
Mobile computing is a generic term describing ability to use the technology to wirelessly
connect to and use centrally located information and/or application software through the
application of small, portable, and wireless computing and communication devices. It
provides decentralized (distributed) computations on diversified devices, systems, and
networks, which are mobile, synchronized, and interconnected via mobile communication
standards and protocols. Mobile device does not restrict itself to just one
application, such as, voice communication.
The main concept involves −
· Mobile communication
· Mobile hardware
,· Mobile software
Mobile communication
The mobile communication in this case, refers to the infrastructure put in place to
ensure that seamless and reliable communication goes on. These would include devices
such as protocols, services, bandwidth, and portals necessary to facilitate and support the
stated services. The data format is also defined at this stage. This ensures that there is no
collision with other existing systems which offer the same service.
Since the media is unguided / unbounded, the overlaying infrastructure is basically
radio wave-oriented. That is, the signals are carried over the air to intended devices that
are capable of receiving and sending similar kinds of signals.
Mobile Hardware
Mobile hardware includes mobile devices or device components that receive or access the
service of mobility. They would range from portable laptops, smart phones, tablet Pc's,
Personal Digital Assistants.
, These devices will have a receptor medium that is capable of sensing and receiving
signals. These devices are configured to operate in full- duplex, whereby they are capable of
sending and receiving signals at the same time.
They don't have to wait until one device has finished communicating for the other
device to initiate communications. Above mentioned devices use an existing and established
network to operate on. In most cases, it would be a wireless network.
Mobile software
Mobile software is the actual program that runs on the mobile hardware. It deals with
the characteristics and requirements of mobile applications. This is the engine of the mobile
device. In other terms, it is the operating system of the appliance. It's the essential component
that operates the mobile device.
Since portability is the main factor, this type of computing ensures that users are not
tied or pinned to a single physical location, but are able to operate from anywhere. It
incorporates all aspects of wireless communications.
, Evolution of Mobile Computing
In today's computing world, different technologies have emerged. These have grown
to support the existing computer networks all over the world. With mobile computing,
we find that the need to be confined within one physical location has been eradicated.
We hear of terms such as telecommuting, which is being able to work from home or
the field but at the same time accessing resources as if one is in the office.
The advent of portable computers and laptops, Personal Digital Assistants (PDA), PC
tablets and smart phones, has in turn made mobile computing very convenient. The
portability of these devices ensure and enable the users to access all services as if they
were in the internal network of their company. For example, the use of Tablet PC and
iPads. This new technology enables the users to update documents, surf the internet,
send and receive e-mail, stream live video files, take photographs and also support
video and voice conferencing.
The constant and ever increasing demand for superior and robust smart devices has been a
catalyst for market share. Each manufacturer is trying to carve a niche for himself in the
market. These devices are invented and innovated to provide state-of-the-art applications and
services. For instance, different manufacturers of cellular phones have come up with unique
smart phones that are capable of performing the same task as computers and at the same
processing speed.
The market share for different competitors is constantly being fought for. For
example, the manufacturers of Apple's iPhone OS, Google's Android' Microsoft Windows
Mobile, Research In Motion's Blackberry OS, are constantly competing to offer better
products with each release.
The need for better, portable, affordable, and robust technology has made these
vendors to constantly be innovative. Market figure and statistics show an ever growing need
to purchase and use such devices for either professional or personal use. It is in this light that
services to suit long-term implementation are developed or innovated. It has also pushed
other industry vendors to adopt services that will provide better services.
For example, cellular service providers are forced to improve and be innovative to
capture more subscribers. This can be in terms of superior services such as high speed
internet and data access, voice and video service etc. Hence the adoption of different
generations of networks like of 2G, 2.5G, 3G, 4G network services.
