NR 509 midterm exam questions and correct answers
actual updated 2024/2025 questions and answers graded
A+ chamberlain
Cause of saddle numbness and urinary retention
Cauda equina syndrome
Presentation of retinal detachment
If sudden visual loss is unilateral and painless,
Obtunded
patient opens the eyes and looks at you but responds slowly and is somewhat
confused. Alertness and interest in the environment are decreased.
Cranial nerve for lateral gaze
CN6: Abducens
Adult Illnesses
Medical: Illnesses such as diabetes, hypertension, hepatitis, asthma, and human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV); hospitalizations; number and gender of sexual partners;
and risk-taking sexual practices
■ Surgical: Dates, indications, and types of operations
■ Obstetric/Gynecologic: Obstetric history, menstrual history, methods of contraception,
and sexual function
■ Psychiatric: Illness and time frame, diagnoses, hospitalizations, and treatments
Present Illness
chronologic description of the problems prompting the patient's visit, including the onset
of the problem, the setting in which it developed, its manifestations, and any treatments
to date.Each problem/symptom needs: (1) location; (2) quality; (3) quantity or severity;
(4) timing, including onset, duration, and frequency; (5) the setting in which it occurs; (6)
factors that have aggravated
-meds, allergies, tobacco use, ETOH and drug use
Absence of red reflex
an opacity of the lens (cataract) or, possibly, the vitreous (or even an artificial eye). Less
commonly, a detached retina or, in children, a retinoblastoma may obscure this reflex.
S/S of seasonal allergies
Itching, watery eyes, sneezing, ear congestion, postnasal drainage
Presentation of optic neuritis
Enlarged blind spot, vision loss in 1 eye, loss of color vision, hole in center of vision,
trouble seeing to the side, eye pain
pityriasis rosea
Multiple round to oval scaling violaceous plaques on abdomen and back
Acromion
tip of shoulder
What to do for + finding on physical exam, but - workup
continue using test, but less lab and diagnostics
Cause of falsely high BP
-too small of a BP cuff
- if the brachial artery is below heart level
, - loose cuff
- bladder that balloons outside the cuff
Check for nystagmus
-involuntary jerking movement of the eyes with quick and slow components.
- It is named for the direction of the quick component
- seen in cerebellar disease and vestibular disorders and in internuclear
ophthalmoplegia
Jaundice
yellow sclera
how do get a patient to open up when upset
effective reassurance is simply identifying and acknowledging the patient's feelings.
-Partnering
-Summarizing
-Transitions
- Empowering the pt
s/s of degenerative pain
-Slowly progressive, with temporary exacerbations after periods of overuse
-usually insidious
- flexion and deviation deformities
How otosclerosis presents with Weber and Rinne test
- Weber: Sound lateralizes to impaired ear. Room noise not well heard, so detection of
vibrations improves
- Rinne: BC longer than or equal to AC. While air conduction through the external or
middle ear is impaired, vibrations through bone bypass the problem to reach the
cochlea.
Cherry angiomas
Benign
Interpreting visual acuity test
Vision of 20/200 means that at 20 feet the patient can read print that a person with
normal vision could read at 200 feet. The larger the second number, the worse the
vision. "20/40 corrected" means the patient could read the 20/40 line with glasses (a
correction).
Sequence of the interview
Preparation. Then, Greeting the patient and establishing rapport. Establishing the
agenda for the interview. Inviting the patient's story. Exploring the patient's perspective.
Identifying and responding to emotional cues. Expand-ing and clarifying the patient's
story. Generating and testing diagnostic hypotheses. Sharing the treatment plan.
Closing the interview and the visit. Taking time for self-reflection.
Patient consent
you need consent to carry out a visit with someone in the room with them.
Health History
● Identifying data and source of the history; reliability ● Chief complaint(s)
● Present illness ● Past history
● Family history
● Personal and social history ● Review of systems
Rotator cuff injury
actual updated 2024/2025 questions and answers graded
A+ chamberlain
Cause of saddle numbness and urinary retention
Cauda equina syndrome
Presentation of retinal detachment
If sudden visual loss is unilateral and painless,
Obtunded
patient opens the eyes and looks at you but responds slowly and is somewhat
confused. Alertness and interest in the environment are decreased.
Cranial nerve for lateral gaze
CN6: Abducens
Adult Illnesses
Medical: Illnesses such as diabetes, hypertension, hepatitis, asthma, and human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV); hospitalizations; number and gender of sexual partners;
and risk-taking sexual practices
■ Surgical: Dates, indications, and types of operations
■ Obstetric/Gynecologic: Obstetric history, menstrual history, methods of contraception,
and sexual function
■ Psychiatric: Illness and time frame, diagnoses, hospitalizations, and treatments
Present Illness
chronologic description of the problems prompting the patient's visit, including the onset
of the problem, the setting in which it developed, its manifestations, and any treatments
to date.Each problem/symptom needs: (1) location; (2) quality; (3) quantity or severity;
(4) timing, including onset, duration, and frequency; (5) the setting in which it occurs; (6)
factors that have aggravated
-meds, allergies, tobacco use, ETOH and drug use
Absence of red reflex
an opacity of the lens (cataract) or, possibly, the vitreous (or even an artificial eye). Less
commonly, a detached retina or, in children, a retinoblastoma may obscure this reflex.
S/S of seasonal allergies
Itching, watery eyes, sneezing, ear congestion, postnasal drainage
Presentation of optic neuritis
Enlarged blind spot, vision loss in 1 eye, loss of color vision, hole in center of vision,
trouble seeing to the side, eye pain
pityriasis rosea
Multiple round to oval scaling violaceous plaques on abdomen and back
Acromion
tip of shoulder
What to do for + finding on physical exam, but - workup
continue using test, but less lab and diagnostics
Cause of falsely high BP
-too small of a BP cuff
- if the brachial artery is below heart level
, - loose cuff
- bladder that balloons outside the cuff
Check for nystagmus
-involuntary jerking movement of the eyes with quick and slow components.
- It is named for the direction of the quick component
- seen in cerebellar disease and vestibular disorders and in internuclear
ophthalmoplegia
Jaundice
yellow sclera
how do get a patient to open up when upset
effective reassurance is simply identifying and acknowledging the patient's feelings.
-Partnering
-Summarizing
-Transitions
- Empowering the pt
s/s of degenerative pain
-Slowly progressive, with temporary exacerbations after periods of overuse
-usually insidious
- flexion and deviation deformities
How otosclerosis presents with Weber and Rinne test
- Weber: Sound lateralizes to impaired ear. Room noise not well heard, so detection of
vibrations improves
- Rinne: BC longer than or equal to AC. While air conduction through the external or
middle ear is impaired, vibrations through bone bypass the problem to reach the
cochlea.
Cherry angiomas
Benign
Interpreting visual acuity test
Vision of 20/200 means that at 20 feet the patient can read print that a person with
normal vision could read at 200 feet. The larger the second number, the worse the
vision. "20/40 corrected" means the patient could read the 20/40 line with glasses (a
correction).
Sequence of the interview
Preparation. Then, Greeting the patient and establishing rapport. Establishing the
agenda for the interview. Inviting the patient's story. Exploring the patient's perspective.
Identifying and responding to emotional cues. Expand-ing and clarifying the patient's
story. Generating and testing diagnostic hypotheses. Sharing the treatment plan.
Closing the interview and the visit. Taking time for self-reflection.
Patient consent
you need consent to carry out a visit with someone in the room with them.
Health History
● Identifying data and source of the history; reliability ● Chief complaint(s)
● Present illness ● Past history
● Family history
● Personal and social history ● Review of systems
Rotator cuff injury
