NUR 612 Exam 1 (Module 1) UAB Questions
With 100% Correct Answers
Physiology
Study of the normal functions of the human body
Pathophysiology
The study of the cellular and organ changes that occur with disease and the effects that these changes
have on the total body function
Focuses on the mechanism of the underlying disease and provides information to assist with planning
preventive as well as therapeutic health care measures and practices such as following a healthy diet,
exercising, and being compliant with prescribed medications
Determinants of Health
Attain lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death.
Achieve health equity and eliminate disparities
Promote good health for all
Promote healthy behaviors across the life span
Disease
An acute or chronic illness that one acquires or is born with that causes physiological dysfunction in
one or more body system
Etiology
Explains the cause of the disease
Pathogenesis
How the disease process evolves
Sequence of cellular and tissue events that occur from initial contact with an etiologic agent until the
ultimate expression of the disease occurs
Morphologic changes
The microscopic and gross changes that are characteristic in a disease process
Histology
The microscopic study of cells and extracellular matrix
Lesion
A pathologic or traumatic change of an organ or tissue
Clinical Manifestations
The hidden or obvious evidence that a person is sick
Symptoms
Subjective complaints noted by the person with the disorder such as pain, difficulty breathing,
headache, blurred vision
,Signs
Disease manifestations noted by the observer such as temperature elevation, a blown pupil and
pitting edema
Syndrome
A compilation of signs and symptoms
Complication
Adverse extension of a disease or treatment
Sequelae
Lesions or impairments that follow or are caused by a disease
Diagnosis
Designation as to cause or nature of a health problem; involves evaluating competing possibilities and
selecting the most likely one from many conditions in a given age, gender, race, lifestyle, genetic
background and locality based upon
History
The person's account of symptoms, progress, and factors that contribute to a diagnosis
Physical Exam
Performed to identify signs of altered body structure or functions; also may identify problems not
obtained in the history
Acute disorder
Relatively severe, but self-limited
Subacute disorder
Intermediate between an acute and a chronic disorder, general not as severe as an acute disorder and
does not last as long as a chronic disorder
Chronic disorder
Continous, long-term process
May improve or get worse
Preclinical stage
Disease is not clinically evident but will progress to clinical disease
Sublcinical disease
Not clinically apparent and not destined to become a clinical disease
Clinical disease
The disease is present as manifested by signs and symptoms
, Carrier Status
A person has an organism but is not infected as evidenced by an antibody response or by clinical
manifestations; this person CAN infect others
Epidemiology
The study of disease occurrence in human populations
Incidence
Reflects the number of new cases of a particular illness during a specified time for a population at risk
that does not have the disease
Prevalence
Measures existing disease in a population at a given point in time
Morbidity
Describes the effects of an illness
Mortality
Death
Risk Factors
Conditions suspected of contributing to a development of a disease
Cross-sectional
Use the simultaneous collection of information to classify exposure and outcome status
Used to compare prevalence of disease in those with exposure factor to those unexposed to the
factor
Case-controlled
Compare people with known outcome of interest to those known NOT to have the outcome of
interests
Cohort
Involves groups born approximately at the same time or who share some characteristics of interest
Followed over a period of time to observe a specific health outcome
May study single or multiple groups
Prognosis
The Probable outcome and likelihood of recovery from a disease
Designated as:
Chances for full recovery
Possibility of complications
Anticipated survival time
With 100% Correct Answers
Physiology
Study of the normal functions of the human body
Pathophysiology
The study of the cellular and organ changes that occur with disease and the effects that these changes
have on the total body function
Focuses on the mechanism of the underlying disease and provides information to assist with planning
preventive as well as therapeutic health care measures and practices such as following a healthy diet,
exercising, and being compliant with prescribed medications
Determinants of Health
Attain lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death.
Achieve health equity and eliminate disparities
Promote good health for all
Promote healthy behaviors across the life span
Disease
An acute or chronic illness that one acquires or is born with that causes physiological dysfunction in
one or more body system
Etiology
Explains the cause of the disease
Pathogenesis
How the disease process evolves
Sequence of cellular and tissue events that occur from initial contact with an etiologic agent until the
ultimate expression of the disease occurs
Morphologic changes
The microscopic and gross changes that are characteristic in a disease process
Histology
The microscopic study of cells and extracellular matrix
Lesion
A pathologic or traumatic change of an organ or tissue
Clinical Manifestations
The hidden or obvious evidence that a person is sick
Symptoms
Subjective complaints noted by the person with the disorder such as pain, difficulty breathing,
headache, blurred vision
,Signs
Disease manifestations noted by the observer such as temperature elevation, a blown pupil and
pitting edema
Syndrome
A compilation of signs and symptoms
Complication
Adverse extension of a disease or treatment
Sequelae
Lesions or impairments that follow or are caused by a disease
Diagnosis
Designation as to cause or nature of a health problem; involves evaluating competing possibilities and
selecting the most likely one from many conditions in a given age, gender, race, lifestyle, genetic
background and locality based upon
History
The person's account of symptoms, progress, and factors that contribute to a diagnosis
Physical Exam
Performed to identify signs of altered body structure or functions; also may identify problems not
obtained in the history
Acute disorder
Relatively severe, but self-limited
Subacute disorder
Intermediate between an acute and a chronic disorder, general not as severe as an acute disorder and
does not last as long as a chronic disorder
Chronic disorder
Continous, long-term process
May improve or get worse
Preclinical stage
Disease is not clinically evident but will progress to clinical disease
Sublcinical disease
Not clinically apparent and not destined to become a clinical disease
Clinical disease
The disease is present as manifested by signs and symptoms
, Carrier Status
A person has an organism but is not infected as evidenced by an antibody response or by clinical
manifestations; this person CAN infect others
Epidemiology
The study of disease occurrence in human populations
Incidence
Reflects the number of new cases of a particular illness during a specified time for a population at risk
that does not have the disease
Prevalence
Measures existing disease in a population at a given point in time
Morbidity
Describes the effects of an illness
Mortality
Death
Risk Factors
Conditions suspected of contributing to a development of a disease
Cross-sectional
Use the simultaneous collection of information to classify exposure and outcome status
Used to compare prevalence of disease in those with exposure factor to those unexposed to the
factor
Case-controlled
Compare people with known outcome of interest to those known NOT to have the outcome of
interests
Cohort
Involves groups born approximately at the same time or who share some characteristics of interest
Followed over a period of time to observe a specific health outcome
May study single or multiple groups
Prognosis
The Probable outcome and likelihood of recovery from a disease
Designated as:
Chances for full recovery
Possibility of complications
Anticipated survival time
