BIO 100 Final Exam Questions and Answers

Biology the study of living organisms and how they interact with their environment Ways of Studying Living Organisms 1. Philosophical 2. Scientifically a. through observation b. asking questions c. doing experiments d. looking at results Levels of Life (Big to Small) 1. Biosphere 2. Ecosystems 3. Communities 4. Populations 5. Organisms Biosphere everything on earth that has living organisms Ecosystems area of a defined environment with a certain collection of organisms Communities a group or organisms within the environment interacting with each other and the environment; consists of 2 or more species Populations group of organisms living within the bounds of a specified area Organisms Individual living things Aspects of Living Organisms 1. Order 2. Regulation 3. Energy Processing 4. Growth and Development 5.Reproduction 6. Response to the Environment 7. Evolutionary Adaption Themes of Biology 1. Evolution 2. Cell Theory 3. Genetics 4. Homeostasis Evolution - Makes sense of everything we know about living organisms - organisms living on earth are modified based on change at DNA level - DNA changes randomly through mutation - Mutations are always occurring - Selective mutation - selects changes - Organisms that survive adapt mutations that are seen in the next generation Cell Theory - The cell is the lowest level of organization that can perform activities required for life All cells: - membranes - DNA Genetics - Chromosomes contain most of cells' genetic matter in the form of DNA - DNA is the substance of genes