NBCOT Practice Exam. Ultimate
Questions and Answers for OTRs
Certification.
Which of the following movements allows the OTR to evaluate the strength and control
of the client's trunk flexors?
A. The client is instructed to sit upright, maintain an erect spine, and lean forward.
B. The client leans backward and holds the position, then forward to sit upright.
C. The client is instructed to sit and lean forward, then lean back to sit upright. -
\B. The client leans backward and holds the position, then forward to sit upright. To test
trunk control, the client is encouraged to sit in an upright position on a mat table with
feet supported on the floor. To determine the client's strength and control of the trunk
flexors, the client is asked to move the shoulders behind the hips, utilizing an eccentric
contraction of the trunk flexors when leaning slightly backward. The client is then asked
to return to the initial seated position, requiring isotonic muscle contraction.
A client is referred to occupational therapy with diabetic retinopathy. In the first therapy
session, the client demonstrates significant loss of visual acuity and has difficulty
participating in all reading tasks. In the next therapy session, the client is able to read
the newspaper. Which BEST explains what the OTR is observing with this client?
A. Clouding of the crystalline lens
B. Fluctuations or changes in vision
C. Decreased peripheral vision
D. Positive response to intervention -
\B. Fluctuations or changes in vision. Diabetic retinopathy occurs when the small blood
vessels in the retina develop swelling or bleeding, resulting in loss of vision. Diabetic
retinopathy impacts all aspects of visual functioning, including loss of central vision, loss
or peripheral vision, loss of color vision, decreased night vision, and fluctuations in
vision.Client's with diabetic retinopathy often experience days where the vision is
improved and days where the vision is worse, often related to changing blood glucose
levels.
A client presents to an occupational therapist with age-related macular degeneration.
Which BEST reflects how this diagnosis impacts the client's vision?
A. Reduced peripheral vision
B. Oculomotor dysfunction
C. Visual field constriction
D. Reduced visual acuity -
, \D. Reduced visual acuity. Age-related macular degeneration is a progressive and
irreversible loss of central vision secondary to the scarring or atrophy of the macula.
Due to the loss of central vision, age-related macular degeneration results in decreased
visual acuity and a central scotoma, which significantly effects a client's ability to see
details, read small print, recognize low contrast items in the environment including curbs
and steps, and recognize faces.
A 58-year-old mother was admitted to a skilled nursing facility to continue rehabilitation
following a right internal carotid artery stroke. The client's occupational therapy notes
from the hospital indicate that ideational apraxia is present. What behavior is the OTR
MOST likely to observe in this client during an activity of daily living (ADL) assessment
at the skilled nursing facility?
A. The client will not be able to understand verbal instructions to don a shirt
B. The client will have difficulty monitoring the quality of performance
C. The client will not know what to do with the shirt when it is presented
D. The client will not be able to put the left arm in the sleeve of the shirt -
\C. The client will not know what to do with the shirt when it is presented.
The client will not know what the shirt is for when presented is the most likely behavior
to be observed in clients with ideational apraxia. Clients with ideational apraxia
demonstrate an inability to use real objects appropriately or find it difficult to sequence
acts in proper order. These clients may also use the wrong tool for a task (e.g. using a
toothbrush to brush their hair). Praxis refers to the client's ability to plan and execute
purposeful movement. Apraxia is a motor perception disorder, which manifests as a
deficit in the client's ability to plan and execute a learned movement. The client's
inability to plan and perform purposeful movement may not be accounted for by other
performance skills such as weakness, incoordination, sensory loss, or comprehension.
Ideational apraxia is conceptual; the client is unable to appropriately use real objects or
sequence steps of a given task appropriately.A stroke of the internal carotid artery in the
dominant hemisphere results in cognitive and perceptual dysfunction. It affects both
distributions of the middle cerebral artery and anterior cerebral artery. Therefore, the
lateral aspect of the frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes (middle cerebral
artery) and medial and superior aspects of the frontal and parietal lobes (anterior
cerebral artery) are affected.
An OTR is preparing to evaluate a client with low vision. Before the client arrives to the
clinic, the OTR reviews the chart and prepares for the evaluation. Which definition
BEST describes low vision?
A. Vision that is unable to be corrected medically, surgically, or by refraction
B. Vision that should be corrected using glasses and a skilled optometrist
C. Vision that can be corrected medically or surgically by a medical doctor -
\A. Vision that is unable to be corrected medically, surgically, or by refraction.
Questions and Answers for OTRs
Certification.
Which of the following movements allows the OTR to evaluate the strength and control
of the client's trunk flexors?
A. The client is instructed to sit upright, maintain an erect spine, and lean forward.
B. The client leans backward and holds the position, then forward to sit upright.
C. The client is instructed to sit and lean forward, then lean back to sit upright. -
\B. The client leans backward and holds the position, then forward to sit upright. To test
trunk control, the client is encouraged to sit in an upright position on a mat table with
feet supported on the floor. To determine the client's strength and control of the trunk
flexors, the client is asked to move the shoulders behind the hips, utilizing an eccentric
contraction of the trunk flexors when leaning slightly backward. The client is then asked
to return to the initial seated position, requiring isotonic muscle contraction.
A client is referred to occupational therapy with diabetic retinopathy. In the first therapy
session, the client demonstrates significant loss of visual acuity and has difficulty
participating in all reading tasks. In the next therapy session, the client is able to read
the newspaper. Which BEST explains what the OTR is observing with this client?
A. Clouding of the crystalline lens
B. Fluctuations or changes in vision
C. Decreased peripheral vision
D. Positive response to intervention -
\B. Fluctuations or changes in vision. Diabetic retinopathy occurs when the small blood
vessels in the retina develop swelling or bleeding, resulting in loss of vision. Diabetic
retinopathy impacts all aspects of visual functioning, including loss of central vision, loss
or peripheral vision, loss of color vision, decreased night vision, and fluctuations in
vision.Client's with diabetic retinopathy often experience days where the vision is
improved and days where the vision is worse, often related to changing blood glucose
levels.
A client presents to an occupational therapist with age-related macular degeneration.
Which BEST reflects how this diagnosis impacts the client's vision?
A. Reduced peripheral vision
B. Oculomotor dysfunction
C. Visual field constriction
D. Reduced visual acuity -
, \D. Reduced visual acuity. Age-related macular degeneration is a progressive and
irreversible loss of central vision secondary to the scarring or atrophy of the macula.
Due to the loss of central vision, age-related macular degeneration results in decreased
visual acuity and a central scotoma, which significantly effects a client's ability to see
details, read small print, recognize low contrast items in the environment including curbs
and steps, and recognize faces.
A 58-year-old mother was admitted to a skilled nursing facility to continue rehabilitation
following a right internal carotid artery stroke. The client's occupational therapy notes
from the hospital indicate that ideational apraxia is present. What behavior is the OTR
MOST likely to observe in this client during an activity of daily living (ADL) assessment
at the skilled nursing facility?
A. The client will not be able to understand verbal instructions to don a shirt
B. The client will have difficulty monitoring the quality of performance
C. The client will not know what to do with the shirt when it is presented
D. The client will not be able to put the left arm in the sleeve of the shirt -
\C. The client will not know what to do with the shirt when it is presented.
The client will not know what the shirt is for when presented is the most likely behavior
to be observed in clients with ideational apraxia. Clients with ideational apraxia
demonstrate an inability to use real objects appropriately or find it difficult to sequence
acts in proper order. These clients may also use the wrong tool for a task (e.g. using a
toothbrush to brush their hair). Praxis refers to the client's ability to plan and execute
purposeful movement. Apraxia is a motor perception disorder, which manifests as a
deficit in the client's ability to plan and execute a learned movement. The client's
inability to plan and perform purposeful movement may not be accounted for by other
performance skills such as weakness, incoordination, sensory loss, or comprehension.
Ideational apraxia is conceptual; the client is unable to appropriately use real objects or
sequence steps of a given task appropriately.A stroke of the internal carotid artery in the
dominant hemisphere results in cognitive and perceptual dysfunction. It affects both
distributions of the middle cerebral artery and anterior cerebral artery. Therefore, the
lateral aspect of the frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes (middle cerebral
artery) and medial and superior aspects of the frontal and parietal lobes (anterior
cerebral artery) are affected.
An OTR is preparing to evaluate a client with low vision. Before the client arrives to the
clinic, the OTR reviews the chart and prepares for the evaluation. Which definition
BEST describes low vision?
A. Vision that is unable to be corrected medically, surgically, or by refraction
B. Vision that should be corrected using glasses and a skilled optometrist
C. Vision that can be corrected medically or surgically by a medical doctor -
\A. Vision that is unable to be corrected medically, surgically, or by refraction.
