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Pharmacology D Pharma Second year
In Easy English
Prepared By S R Pharmacy
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According to New Syllabus released by Pharmacy Council of India



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Contents
S.N. Chapters P.N.
1 General Pharmacology 3

2 Drugs Acting On The Peripheral Nervous 11

System
3 Drugs Acting On Eyes 26

4 Drugs Acting on the Central Nervous System 29

5 Drugs Acting On Cardiovascular System 42

6 Drugs Acting on blood and Blood forming 59

Organs
7 Drugs Acting On The Respiratory System 63

8 Drugs Acting on the gastrointestinal Tract 69

9 Drugs Acting On Kidney 76

10 Hormones and Hormones antagonist 79

11 Autocoids 90
12 Chemotherapeutic Agents 96

13 Biologicals 112




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Chapter 1 Pharmacology
General Pharmacology

Introduction:
Pharmacology is derived from Greek word Pharmacon means drug and logos means to
study. So we can say Pharmacology means to study about drug and its action.
Definition :
Pharmacology is a branch of science in which we study about drugs and their Interaction
with the living organism.
Or it can be defined as " Pharmacology is a branch of science in which we study about
Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamics " .
Pharmacokinetics :
It is a Greek word which means the " the action of body on the drugs ".
Pharmacokinetic Involves the study of drug's absorption, distribution, metabolism, and
excretion .


Pharmacodynamic : -
It is also a Greek word which means " the action of drugs on the body ".
Pharmacodynamics involves the study of concentration of drugs on the site of action ,
result of effect , timing of drug's action , adverse effect etc.
Scope Of Pharmacology

1) Pharmacotherapeutics :
A person who has knowledge of Pharmacology can treat the patients , because he
Knows selection of appropriate drugs , their dosage , and half life .

2) Preclinical Clinical trails :
A pharmacologist can work in the field of preclinical trails .
3) Clinical Trails :
A pharmacologist can work in the field of clinical trails .
4) Drug discovery :
A pharmacologist can go in the field of research and discover many of new drugs .
5) Toxicology :-
A pharmacologist can reduce the toxicity effect, and turn adverse effects .

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Routes Of Administration Of Drugs

Introduction:
Route of drug administration is the path or way by which the drug is introduced ( taken)
into body .
There are different types of route of administration , and the choice of route for the
drug administration depends on :
a) properties of drug like water or lipid solubility , ionisation etc.
b) therapeutic objectives i.e. rapid onset of action or long term administration or for
effect to a local site .

Classification Of route of administration of drugs


Oral rout sublingual route Parental route
(in buccal cavity ) ( below the tongue ) (other than GIT )




Parental Route


Injection Inhalation local application


1) Intradermal 1) External preparation
2) Intravenous e.g. ointment , cream
3) Intramuscular 2)Enema
4) subcutaneous etc.




Oral Route

In this route the drug is placed in oral cavity and is swallowed along with water or milk
etc.
Advantages
1) It is safe route of drug administration .


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