NR546 WEEK 7 STUDY 2024-2025 EXAM
WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
what neurotransmitter is involved in ADHD? - ANS-Dopamine & Norepinephrine
Affects symptoms of inattention &hyperactivity
random add facts - ANS-6.1 million children are diagnosed with adhd
boys are more likely
1/3 have symptoms into adulthood
6-10 in children have one other disorder
-conduct problems
-anxiety
-depression
-autism
-Tourette syndrome
- can start before 12 and as early as 3
,selective attention - ANS-Lack of attention to detail
Careless mistakes
Not listening
Losing thing
Diverting attention
Forgetfulness
lack of sustained attention - ANS--poor problem solving,
-difficulty completing tasks,
-disorganization
-difficulty sustaining mental effort
Hyperactivity - ANS--Fidgeting
-Leaving ones seat
-Running
-Climbing
-Trouble playing quietly
Impulsivity - ANS--Excessive talking
-blurting things out
-not waiting ones turn
-interrupting
Symptoms related to attention - ANS-Usually develop 2-4 years after the emergence of hyperactive
symptoms in childhood
ADHD lifespan - ANS--S&S can change with age
- Not only a childhood diagnosis
, -Hyperactivity decreased markedly with age
Primary symptoms : inattention, restless, cognitive & emotional impulsivity
Risk factors (genetics) of adhd - ANS-Heritability - 88%
Premature birth
Low birth weight
Maternal stress during pregnancy
Prenatal substance exposure, including tobacco
Adverse childhood environmental
Psychosocal stress
Inconsistent parenting practices
ADHD Neuroanatomy - ANS-Specific ADHD symptoms may arise from abnormalities within circuits in the
prefrontal cortex (PFC), which affect executive function
ADHD Neural Networks - ANS--Possibly due to abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex circuits or errors in
the synaptic pruning process
-Both selective and sustained attention are modulated by the corticostriatal-thalamocortical (CSTC)
loop, the same loop that is associated with anxiety
Noticeable at age 6- 7 years
ADHD Neural Signaling - ANS-Norepinephrine (NE) (too low) and dopamine (DA (too low) are associated
with inefficient information processing in the prefrontal circuits- OUT OF TUNE
Agents that can increase the firing of both DA and NE may help increase prefrontal activity.
ADHD medications commonly target both dopamine and norepinephrine.
WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
what neurotransmitter is involved in ADHD? - ANS-Dopamine & Norepinephrine
Affects symptoms of inattention &hyperactivity
random add facts - ANS-6.1 million children are diagnosed with adhd
boys are more likely
1/3 have symptoms into adulthood
6-10 in children have one other disorder
-conduct problems
-anxiety
-depression
-autism
-Tourette syndrome
- can start before 12 and as early as 3
,selective attention - ANS-Lack of attention to detail
Careless mistakes
Not listening
Losing thing
Diverting attention
Forgetfulness
lack of sustained attention - ANS--poor problem solving,
-difficulty completing tasks,
-disorganization
-difficulty sustaining mental effort
Hyperactivity - ANS--Fidgeting
-Leaving ones seat
-Running
-Climbing
-Trouble playing quietly
Impulsivity - ANS--Excessive talking
-blurting things out
-not waiting ones turn
-interrupting
Symptoms related to attention - ANS-Usually develop 2-4 years after the emergence of hyperactive
symptoms in childhood
ADHD lifespan - ANS--S&S can change with age
- Not only a childhood diagnosis
, -Hyperactivity decreased markedly with age
Primary symptoms : inattention, restless, cognitive & emotional impulsivity
Risk factors (genetics) of adhd - ANS-Heritability - 88%
Premature birth
Low birth weight
Maternal stress during pregnancy
Prenatal substance exposure, including tobacco
Adverse childhood environmental
Psychosocal stress
Inconsistent parenting practices
ADHD Neuroanatomy - ANS-Specific ADHD symptoms may arise from abnormalities within circuits in the
prefrontal cortex (PFC), which affect executive function
ADHD Neural Networks - ANS--Possibly due to abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex circuits or errors in
the synaptic pruning process
-Both selective and sustained attention are modulated by the corticostriatal-thalamocortical (CSTC)
loop, the same loop that is associated with anxiety
Noticeable at age 6- 7 years
ADHD Neural Signaling - ANS-Norepinephrine (NE) (too low) and dopamine (DA (too low) are associated
with inefficient information processing in the prefrontal circuits- OUT OF TUNE
Agents that can increase the firing of both DA and NE may help increase prefrontal activity.
ADHD medications commonly target both dopamine and norepinephrine.
