Bio 202 Chapter 13 2024 Edition.
Questions & Answers. Graded A+.
Abducens – ANS Fibers extend from pons through superior orbital fissures to lateral
rectus muscle; primarily motor nerve for lateral eye movement
Accessory - ANSFormed from ventral rootless from C1-C5 region of spinal cord;
rootless pass into cranium via foramen magnum and exit skull via jugular foramina;
motor to trapezius and sternocleidomastoid
Activation of sensory receptors - ANSResults in action potentials sent to the brain
Adaptation - ANSThere is a decreased sensitivity of receptors in response to constant
stimuli
Chemoreceptors - ANSRespond to chemicals (smell, taste, changes in blood chemistry)
Classification of nerves - ANSSomatic sensory/motor; visceral sensory/motor; pure
sensory or pure motor nerves are rare
Complex receptors - ANSVision, hearing, equilibrium, smell, and taste
Cranial nerves - ANS12 pairs extend from brainstem; most are mixed nerves
Encapsulated dendritic endings - ANSAll are mechanoreceptors
Exteroceptors - ANSRespond to stimulus outside the body
Facial - ANSFibers extend from pons through internal acoustic meatuses and emerge
on lateral aspect of the face; main motor nerves of face; motor functions include facial
expression; parasympathetic nerves control lacrimal glands, salivary glands; sensory
function is taste
ganglia - ANScontain neuron cell bodies; dorsal root ganglia contain somatic sensory
neuron cell bodies; autonomic ganglia contain visceral motor neuron cell bodies
Glossopharyngeal - ANSFibers extend from the medulla through jugular foramen to
throat; motor to tongue and pharynx for swallowing; parasympathetic to parotid salivary
glands; sensory for taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue and general sensory from throat;
sensory from carotid chemoreceptors and baroreceptors
Hypoglossal - ANSExtend from medulla through hypoglossal canal; motor to extrinsic
and intrinsic muscles of tongue; invovled in tongue movement; contribute to swallowing
and speech
Questions & Answers. Graded A+.
Abducens – ANS Fibers extend from pons through superior orbital fissures to lateral
rectus muscle; primarily motor nerve for lateral eye movement
Accessory - ANSFormed from ventral rootless from C1-C5 region of spinal cord;
rootless pass into cranium via foramen magnum and exit skull via jugular foramina;
motor to trapezius and sternocleidomastoid
Activation of sensory receptors - ANSResults in action potentials sent to the brain
Adaptation - ANSThere is a decreased sensitivity of receptors in response to constant
stimuli
Chemoreceptors - ANSRespond to chemicals (smell, taste, changes in blood chemistry)
Classification of nerves - ANSSomatic sensory/motor; visceral sensory/motor; pure
sensory or pure motor nerves are rare
Complex receptors - ANSVision, hearing, equilibrium, smell, and taste
Cranial nerves - ANS12 pairs extend from brainstem; most are mixed nerves
Encapsulated dendritic endings - ANSAll are mechanoreceptors
Exteroceptors - ANSRespond to stimulus outside the body
Facial - ANSFibers extend from pons through internal acoustic meatuses and emerge
on lateral aspect of the face; main motor nerves of face; motor functions include facial
expression; parasympathetic nerves control lacrimal glands, salivary glands; sensory
function is taste
ganglia - ANScontain neuron cell bodies; dorsal root ganglia contain somatic sensory
neuron cell bodies; autonomic ganglia contain visceral motor neuron cell bodies
Glossopharyngeal - ANSFibers extend from the medulla through jugular foramen to
throat; motor to tongue and pharynx for swallowing; parasympathetic to parotid salivary
glands; sensory for taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue and general sensory from throat;
sensory from carotid chemoreceptors and baroreceptors
Hypoglossal - ANSExtend from medulla through hypoglossal canal; motor to extrinsic
and intrinsic muscles of tongue; invovled in tongue movement; contribute to swallowing
and speech
