THE RISE OF NAPOLEON
Table of Contents
Financial vs Educational Reforms [10].......................................................................................................2
21.03.2023.......................................................................................................2
Question.......................................................................................................................................................................................2
Financial........................................................................................................................................................................................2
Educational changes.....................................................................................................................................................................2
Overall..........................................................................................................................................................................................2
Italian vs Egyptian Campaign...................................................................................................................3
22.02.2023.......................................................................................................3
Question.......................................................................................................................................................................................3
The Italian campaign....................................................................................................................................................................3
The Egyptian campaign................................................................................................................................................................3
Overall..........................................................................................................................................................................................3
Constitutional vs administrative reform....................................................................................................4
10.04.2023.......................................................................................................4
Question.......................................................................................................................................................................................4
Constitution..................................................................................................................................................................................4
Administration..............................................................................................................................................................................4
Overall..........................................................................................................................................................................................4
Trafalgar vs Austerlitz..............................................................................................................................5
10.04.2023.......................................................................................................5
Question.......................................................................................................................................................................................5
Trafalgar........................................................................................................................................................................................5
Austerlitz.......................................................................................................................................................................................5
Overall..........................................................................................................................................................................................5
Consolidation of Power [20]......................................................................................................................6
22.03.2023.......................................................................................................6
Question.......................................................................................................................................................................................6
Legal reforms................................................................................................................................................................................6
Religious reforms..........................................................................................................................................................................6
Control of Media..........................................................................................................................................................................6
Overall..........................................................................................................................................................................................6
1
, THE RISE OF NAPOLEON
FINANCIAL VS EDUCATIONAL REFORMS [10]
21.03.2023
Question Which of the following of Napoleon’s reforms during his consulate had the greatest
impact on France
i) Financial reforms
ii) Educational changes
Financial Improved tax – more fair & efficient
o The Consulate impr tax collection – land registers were drawn up & tax
registers showing who should pay were updated.
o Indirect taxes such as tobacco were revived & brought in a lot of revenue.
1800 Bank of France – i.e. a private bank, which the Ancien Regime lacked.
o Issued paper notes, so inflation issues were less linked to Nap.
o Made the gov task of raising finances easier b/c ppl had more trust.
Solved inflation w new currency
o Ancien regime – inflation, after 1797 – deflation.
o Franc de germinal introd, based on gold & silver coins.
o Strict control of these metals ensured a stable currency.
Benefit limited – Nap repudiated the debts of the Directory.
The Consulate still depended heavily (arguably more heavily) on plunder from
occupied territories for income (like the Directory).
Educational changes Aimed to provide the state w loyal civic officers & administrative, disciplined army
officials as well as create uniformity in edu.
Secondary edu – Nap’s main focus
o 1802 - replaced the convention’s ineffective system w centrally controlled
Lycées - 45 schools staffed by instructors chosen by Nap.
o The state provided 6400 scholarships - 2400 were for the sons of solders
& gov officials.
o Teachers taught from identical government appointed textbooks – more
uniformity = equality in edu.
Uni helped train ppl who would be of use to France.
o Imperial University opened in 1808
o Continued the job of secondary edu, but @ a higher level.
o Devoted to training managerial staff the country needed, esp in law,
military (officers), gov, & med.
o Still v strict & heavily standardised.
Edu for ppl in lower classes & girls was largely neglected
o Lower classes - limited to primary level which only provided a moral
education, basic literacy, & numeracy.
o Girls - Nap said that ‘marriage was their Destiney’ - they did not need to
be thought to think.
o Secondary edu was mostly restricted to sons of nobles.
Overall Financial – bankruptcies were avoided, debts were largely honoured, inflation was
controlled – much better than pre-Nap.
Edu – secondary edu & uni was v progressive (scholarships, ect) & helped create
ppl the country sorely needed but neglected girls & lower classes.
Both helped strengthen France but financial reforms had a bigger impact b/c they
affected more ppl.
2
Table of Contents
Financial vs Educational Reforms [10].......................................................................................................2
21.03.2023.......................................................................................................2
Question.......................................................................................................................................................................................2
Financial........................................................................................................................................................................................2
Educational changes.....................................................................................................................................................................2
Overall..........................................................................................................................................................................................2
Italian vs Egyptian Campaign...................................................................................................................3
22.02.2023.......................................................................................................3
Question.......................................................................................................................................................................................3
The Italian campaign....................................................................................................................................................................3
The Egyptian campaign................................................................................................................................................................3
Overall..........................................................................................................................................................................................3
Constitutional vs administrative reform....................................................................................................4
10.04.2023.......................................................................................................4
Question.......................................................................................................................................................................................4
Constitution..................................................................................................................................................................................4
Administration..............................................................................................................................................................................4
Overall..........................................................................................................................................................................................4
Trafalgar vs Austerlitz..............................................................................................................................5
10.04.2023.......................................................................................................5
Question.......................................................................................................................................................................................5
Trafalgar........................................................................................................................................................................................5
Austerlitz.......................................................................................................................................................................................5
Overall..........................................................................................................................................................................................5
Consolidation of Power [20]......................................................................................................................6
22.03.2023.......................................................................................................6
Question.......................................................................................................................................................................................6
Legal reforms................................................................................................................................................................................6
Religious reforms..........................................................................................................................................................................6
Control of Media..........................................................................................................................................................................6
Overall..........................................................................................................................................................................................6
1
, THE RISE OF NAPOLEON
FINANCIAL VS EDUCATIONAL REFORMS [10]
21.03.2023
Question Which of the following of Napoleon’s reforms during his consulate had the greatest
impact on France
i) Financial reforms
ii) Educational changes
Financial Improved tax – more fair & efficient
o The Consulate impr tax collection – land registers were drawn up & tax
registers showing who should pay were updated.
o Indirect taxes such as tobacco were revived & brought in a lot of revenue.
1800 Bank of France – i.e. a private bank, which the Ancien Regime lacked.
o Issued paper notes, so inflation issues were less linked to Nap.
o Made the gov task of raising finances easier b/c ppl had more trust.
Solved inflation w new currency
o Ancien regime – inflation, after 1797 – deflation.
o Franc de germinal introd, based on gold & silver coins.
o Strict control of these metals ensured a stable currency.
Benefit limited – Nap repudiated the debts of the Directory.
The Consulate still depended heavily (arguably more heavily) on plunder from
occupied territories for income (like the Directory).
Educational changes Aimed to provide the state w loyal civic officers & administrative, disciplined army
officials as well as create uniformity in edu.
Secondary edu – Nap’s main focus
o 1802 - replaced the convention’s ineffective system w centrally controlled
Lycées - 45 schools staffed by instructors chosen by Nap.
o The state provided 6400 scholarships - 2400 were for the sons of solders
& gov officials.
o Teachers taught from identical government appointed textbooks – more
uniformity = equality in edu.
Uni helped train ppl who would be of use to France.
o Imperial University opened in 1808
o Continued the job of secondary edu, but @ a higher level.
o Devoted to training managerial staff the country needed, esp in law,
military (officers), gov, & med.
o Still v strict & heavily standardised.
Edu for ppl in lower classes & girls was largely neglected
o Lower classes - limited to primary level which only provided a moral
education, basic literacy, & numeracy.
o Girls - Nap said that ‘marriage was their Destiney’ - they did not need to
be thought to think.
o Secondary edu was mostly restricted to sons of nobles.
Overall Financial – bankruptcies were avoided, debts were largely honoured, inflation was
controlled – much better than pre-Nap.
Edu – secondary edu & uni was v progressive (scholarships, ect) & helped create
ppl the country sorely needed but neglected girls & lower classes.
Both helped strengthen France but financial reforms had a bigger impact b/c they
affected more ppl.
2
