ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY - THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST
UPDATE
3 Types of Muscle Tissue
Skeletal Muscle, Cardiac Muscle, Smooth Muscle
Skeletal Muscle
striated and under voluntary control
Smooth Muscle
non-striated and under involuntary control
Cardiac Muscle
striated and under involuntary control
Tendons
attach muscle to bone
Ligaments
attach bone to bone
Aponeurosis
Broad, flat, sheet of connective tissue that attaches muscles to a bone or another
muscle to soft tissue.
Fascia
dense Irregular Connective: layers of tough connective membranes that surround
muscle fibers, muscle fascicles and the whole muscle
Muscle Fiber
muscle cell, long and cylindrical, span the entire length of the muscle
Sacrolemma
encases muscle fibers in a cell membrane
Myofibrils
microscopic fibers, dense irregular connective tissue inside a muscle cell
, Endomysium
Connective tissue surrounding a muscle fiber
Fascicles
Bundles of muscle fibers wrapped in perimysium
Perimysium
fibrous connective tissue that surrounds groups of muscle fibers called fascicles
Whole Muscles
made is fascicles bound together by fascia epimysium
Sarcomeres
contractile units within myofibrils, the smallest contractile unit of a muscle
Contractile Proteins
Actin and myosin, protein components of the sarcomere.
Troponin and Tropomyosin
Contraction Inhibiting Proteins within each sarcomere that are attached to actin
Function of the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
stores calcium (Ca+) until stimulated by a nerve fiber. When calcium is released it
travels down the T-tubules and removes the inhibitory effect of troponin and
tropomyosin thus allowing actin and myosin to interact and cause contraction of the
sacromere
Acetylcholine
the neurotransmitter substance for muscle contraction and is released at neuromuscular
junctions diffuses across the synapses and binds to the receptor sites on the
sarcolemma.
motor units
muscle fibers that are innervated by a single nerve
various force of contraction
sarcomeres within a single muscle fiber contract at the some time, different fibers within
a muscle bundle can contract at different times.
ATP
produces energy for muscles
Anaerobic Metabolism
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST
UPDATE
3 Types of Muscle Tissue
Skeletal Muscle, Cardiac Muscle, Smooth Muscle
Skeletal Muscle
striated and under voluntary control
Smooth Muscle
non-striated and under involuntary control
Cardiac Muscle
striated and under involuntary control
Tendons
attach muscle to bone
Ligaments
attach bone to bone
Aponeurosis
Broad, flat, sheet of connective tissue that attaches muscles to a bone or another
muscle to soft tissue.
Fascia
dense Irregular Connective: layers of tough connective membranes that surround
muscle fibers, muscle fascicles and the whole muscle
Muscle Fiber
muscle cell, long and cylindrical, span the entire length of the muscle
Sacrolemma
encases muscle fibers in a cell membrane
Myofibrils
microscopic fibers, dense irregular connective tissue inside a muscle cell
, Endomysium
Connective tissue surrounding a muscle fiber
Fascicles
Bundles of muscle fibers wrapped in perimysium
Perimysium
fibrous connective tissue that surrounds groups of muscle fibers called fascicles
Whole Muscles
made is fascicles bound together by fascia epimysium
Sarcomeres
contractile units within myofibrils, the smallest contractile unit of a muscle
Contractile Proteins
Actin and myosin, protein components of the sarcomere.
Troponin and Tropomyosin
Contraction Inhibiting Proteins within each sarcomere that are attached to actin
Function of the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
stores calcium (Ca+) until stimulated by a nerve fiber. When calcium is released it
travels down the T-tubules and removes the inhibitory effect of troponin and
tropomyosin thus allowing actin and myosin to interact and cause contraction of the
sacromere
Acetylcholine
the neurotransmitter substance for muscle contraction and is released at neuromuscular
junctions diffuses across the synapses and binds to the receptor sites on the
sarcolemma.
motor units
muscle fibers that are innervated by a single nerve
various force of contraction
sarcomeres within a single muscle fiber contract at the some time, different fibers within
a muscle bundle can contract at different times.
ATP
produces energy for muscles
Anaerobic Metabolism
