PSY 3703 exam 1 Practical Questions And Answers Graded A+.

social psychology - correct answer the science of how people think about, influence, or relate to one another hindsight bias - correct answer also known as the knew-it-all-along effect or creeping determinism, is the inclination, after an event has occurred, to see the event as having been predictable, despite there having been little or no objective basis for predicting it theory - correct answer an integrated set of principles that explain and predict observed events a good theory - correct answer -effectively summarizes many observations -makes clear predictions hypotheses serve to - correct answer -provide direction for research -allow us to test a theory correlational - correct answer two or more factors are naturally related experimental - correct answer manipulating a factor to see its effect on another disadvantages or correlational research - correct answer -ambiguous interpretation of cause and effect -cannot tel us if one variable causes another advantages of correlational research - correct answer -it often involves important variables in natural settings -allows us to predict random sample - correct answer where every person in the population being studied has an equal chance of being selected for inclusion framing - correct answer the way that a question or issue is posed. this can influence peoples decisions or responses advantages to experiments - correct answer -random assignment -control group random assignment - correct answer the process of assigning participants to the conditions of an experiment such that all persons have the same chance of being in a given condition independent variable - correct answer the experimental factor that a researcher manipulates mundane realism - correct answer the degree to which an experiment is superficially similar to everyday situations experimental realism - correct answer the degree to which an experiment absorbs and involves its participants informed consent - correct answer an ethical principal that requires research participants be told enough to enable them to chose whether they wish to participate demand characteristics - correct answer cues in an experiment that seem to "demand" a certain behavior debreifing - correct answer the entirety of the experiment is explained afterwards including any deception spotlight effect - correct answer the belief that others are paying more attention to ones appearance and behavior than they really are illusion of transparency - correct answer the illusion that our concealed emotions leak out and can be easily read by others self concept - correct answer what we know and believe about ourselves self schemas - correct answer beliefs about ourselves that organize and guide the processing of self relevant information social comparisons - correct answer evaluating ones abilities and opinions by comparing oneself with others individualism - correct answer the concept of giving priority to ones own goals over group goals and defining ones identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications independent self - correct answer construing ones identity as an autonomous self collectivism - correct answer giving priority to the goals of ones group and defining ones identity accordingly planning fallacy - correct answer the tendency to underestimate how long it will take to complete a task impact bias - correct answer overestimating the enduring impact of emotion causing events dual attitude system - correct answer differing automatic and consciously controlled attitudes toward the same object self esteem - correct answer a persons overall self-evaluation or sense of self worth terror mangement theory - correct answer proposes that people exhibit self-protective emotional and cognitive responses when controlled with reminders of their mortality longitudinal study - correct answer research in which the same people are studied over an extended period of time self efficacy - correct answer your belief in your own ability to do a task. a sense that one if competent and effective. self serving bias - correct answer the tendency to perceive ones self favorably self serving attributions - correct answer the tendency to attribute positive outcomes to ones self and negative outcomes to others defensive pessimism - correct answer the adaptive value of anticipating problems and harnessing ones anxiety to motivate effective action false uniqueness effect - correct answer the tendency to underestimate the commonality of ones abilities and ones desirable or successful behaviors self handicapping - correct answer protecting ones self image with behaviors that create a handy excuse for later failure self presentation - correct answer refers to our desire to present an ideal image to both others and ourselves self monitoring - correct answer being attuned to the way one presents oneself in social situations and adjusting ones performance to create the desired impression priming - correct answer activating particular associations in memory embodied cognition - correct answer the mutual influence of bodily sensations on cognitive preferences controlled processing - correct answer explicit thinking that is deliberate reflective and conscious automatic processing - correct answer implicit thinking that is effortless and habitual, roughly corresponds to "intuition" overconfidence - correct answer the tendency to be more confident than correct conformation bias - correct answer the tendency to search for information to confirm ones perceptions heuristics - correct answer a thinking strategy that enables quick effective judgements availability heuristics - correct answer a cognitive rule that judges the likelihood of things in terms of their availability in memory