Chemistry 101 Ivy Tech Exam Review A+ Score Assured 2024/2025

Chemistry 101 Ivy Tech Exam Review A+ Score Assured 2024/2025 Chemistry is the study of Correct Answer: the properties and behaviors of matter Matter is .. Correct Answer: the physical material of the universe, it is anything that has mass and occupies space A property is Correct Answer: any characteristic that allows us to recognize any type of matter and to distinguish it from other types Matter is typically found as a Correct Answer: mixture of two or more substances; it is comprised of roughly 100 substances called elements How is matter characterized by? Correct Answer: 1. its physical state (gas, liquid, a solid0 2. its composition (whether it is an element, a compound, or a mixture) What is an element? Correct Answer: An element is a substance that cannot be decomposed into a simpler substance. They are composed of one atom and each element is composed of a unique kind of atom. What is an atom? Correct Answer: An atom is the smallest representative particle of an element. They are the small building blocks of matter. What do the properties of matter relate to? Correct Answer: The properties of matter relate to the composition (type of atom contained) and to the structure (the arrangement) of atoms. What are molecules? Correct Answer: Molecules are a chemical combination of two or more atoms. The atom share joined in specific shapes. they are covalently bonded together (as opposed to ionic bonds like that of metals and nonmetals) they tend to be between two or more nonmetals like H2O What are the three states of matter? Correct Answer: 1. gas (vapor)- has no fixed volume or shape; rather it uniformly fills its container. Can be compressed into a smaller place or occupy a large space 2. liquid- has a distinct volume independent of its container, assumes the shape of the portion of the container it occupies, and is not compressible to any appreciative extent solid- has both a definite shape and a definite volume and is not compressible to any appreciable extent In which of the three states do molecules move fastest? Correct Answer: in the gas state and slowest in the solid state Why can people pour water? Correct Answer: b/c in a liquid the molecules are moving fast and slide over one another molecules in a solid cannot move much, they are Correct Answer: seemingly fixed What is a pure substance? Correct Answer: A pure substance is matter that has distnct properties and a composition that does not very from sample to sample (ex. Sodium dichloride, Sodium Chloride- salt) elements and compounds can be a pure substance All substances are Correct Answer: elements or compounds What is a compound? Correct Answer: Substances that consist of at least two different types of atoms (elements). (ex. water H2O) Mixtures are Correct Answer: combinations of two or more substances in which each substance retains its chemical identity. What is a solution? Correct Answer: A mixture of substances that has a uniform composition; a homogeneous mixture Are homologous mixtures and solutions the same thing? Correct Answer: yes, the words are essentially interchangeable How many known elements are there..about? Correct Answer: 118 The Milky Way Galaxy contains 74% H and 24% Correct Answer: He earth's crust consists of Correct Answer: O, Si, Al, Fe, Ca O, C, and h account for over ....% of the human body Correct Answer: 90% Does a substance in a mixture maintain its chemical identity and properties? Correct Answer: yupp What is a component? Correct Answer: A component is a substance making up a mixture Mixtures that vary in texture/ appearance (like that of wood or rock) are called Correct Answer: heterogeneous mixtures Mixtures that are uniform throughout (like: Air, which has N, O2, and other gases) are called Correct Answer: homogeneous mixtures, although there are multiple elements, the individual elements like N is pure and contains the same Nitrogen atoms like every other N atom. These mixtures are also referred to as solutions. Is the inside of a grapefruit hetero or a homogeneous mixture? Correct Answer: hetero Can a physical property of matter be observed w/o changing the identity and composition of a substance (like: color, oder, density, melting point, hardness...) Correct Answer: yes