Understanding medical surgical nursing, chapter 6 questions and answers graded A+ 2024.

Understanding medical surgical nursing, chapter 6 questions and answers graded A+ 2024. Interstitial ifluid i- i i i icorrect ianswer.The ifluid iis ithe iwater ithat isurrounds ithe ibody' is icells iand iincludes ilymph. Intravascular ifluid, ior iblood iplasma i- i i i icorrect ianswer.The ifluid iwithin iarteries, iveins, iand icapillaries. Transcellular ifluids i- i i i icorrect ianswer.These ifluids iare ithose iin ispecific icompartments iof ithe ibody, isuch ias icerebrospinal ifluid, idigestive ijuices, iand isynovial ifluid iin ijoints. Osmolarity i- i i i icorrect ianswer.This iterm irefers ito ithe iconcentration iof ithe isubstances iin ibody ifluids. Between i270 iand i300 imilliosmoles iper iliter i(mOsm/L). i- i i i icorrect ianswer.The inormal iosmolarity iof iblood iis ibetween: Hypovolemia i- i i i icorrect ianswer.This icondition ioccurs iwhen ithe ipatient iis ihemorrhaging ior iwhen ifluids ifrom iother iparts iof ithe ibody iare ilost. iFor iexample, isevere ivomiting iand idiarrhea, iseverely idraining iwounds, iand iprofuse idiaphoresis i(sweating) ican icause idehydration. Hypovolemia i- i i i icorrect ianswer.The imost icommon iform iof idehydration iresults ifrom iloss iof ifluid ifrom ithe ibody, iresulting iin idecreased iblood ivolume iis Hypervolemia i- i i i icorrect ianswer.The imost icommon iresult iof ifluid iexcess iis i______________ iin iwhich ithere iis iexcess ifluid iin ithe iintravascular ispace. Hyponatremia i- i i i icorrect ianswer.This icondition ioccurs iwhen ithere iis ia ilow iserum isodium ilevel? Hypernatremia i- i i i icorrect ianswer.This icondition ioccurs iwhen ithere iis ia ihigh iserum isodium ilevel? Hypokalemia i- i i i icorrect ianswer.This icondition ioccurs iwhen ithere iis ia iinadequate iintake iof iPotassium ideficit. Hypocalcemia i- i i i icorrect ianswer.The ipatient iwith iinadequate iabsorption iof icalcium ifrom ithe iintestines, ias iseen iin ipatients iwith iCrohn's idisease, ia ichronic iinflammatory ibowel idisease. iIn- isufficient iintake iof ivitamin iD iprevents icalcium iabsorption ias iwell icauses? To itest ifor iTrousseau's isign, ia ipatient iwith ihypocalcemia. i- i i i icorrect ianswer.By iinflating ia iblood ipressure icuff iaround ithe ipatient's iupper iarm ifor i1 ito i4 iminutes. iThe ihand iand ifingers ibecome ispastic iand igo iinto ipalmar iflexion Hyperkalemia i- i i i icorrect ianswer.This icondition ioccurs iwhen ithere iis ipotassium iexcess? Hypocalcemia i- i i i icorrect ianswer.This icondition ioccurs iwhen ithere iis ia icalcium ideficit? Hypercalcemia i- i i i icorrect ianswer.This icondition ioccurs iwhen ithere iis ia icalcium iexcess? Pulmonary iedema i- i i i icorrect ianswer.The ifluid ithen ibacks iup iinto ithe ilungs, icausing ia icondition iknown ias: 1.5 igrams idaily i- i i i icorrect ianswer.The iadequate iintake i(AI) iof isodium iis ifor iadults ithrough iage i49 i• 1.3 igrams idaily i- i i i icorrect ianswer.The iadequate iintake i(AI) iof isodium ifor ithose iadults iaged i50 ito i70 i• 1.2 igrams idaily i- i i i icorrect ianswer.The iadequate iintake i(AI) iof isodium ifor iadults iaged i71 iand iolder 2.3 igrams idaily i- i i i icorrect ianswer.The iupper itolerable iintake ilevel i(UL) ifor isodium iwhich iis icontained iin islightly imore ithan ia iteaspoon iof isalt. Hypercalcemia iSigns iand iSymptoms i- i i i icorrect ianswer.Ca++ i11 img/dL ior i5.5 imEq/L, Increased iHeart iRate iand iBlood iPressure, Skeletal iMuscle iWeakness, Decreased iGI iMotility. Hypomagnesemia i- i i i icorrect ianswer.This icondition ioccurs iwhen ithere iis ia imagnesium ideficit. Hypermagnesemia i- i i i icorrect ianswer.This icondition ioccurs iwhen ithere iis ia imagnesium iexcess. Hypomagnesemia iSigns iand iSymptoms i- i i i icorrect ianswer.Mg++ i1.5 imEq/L, Positive iTrousseau's iSign, Positive iChvostek's iSign, Cardiac iDysrhythmia iand iArrest. Hypermagnesemia iSigns iand iSymptoms i- i i i icorrect ianswer.Mg++ i2.5 imEq/L, Bradycardia, Hypotension, Lethargy, iDrowsiness, Skeletal iMuscle iWeakness, Respiratory iFailure, Coma, Cardiac iDysrhythmia iand iArrest. Maintenance iof iserum iosmolarity i5. iMaintenance iof icellular ifunction. iSodium iis ithe imajor ication iin ithe iblood iand ihelps imaintain iserum iosmolarity. i- i i i icorrect ianswer.Which iof ithe ifollowing iare ifunctions iof isodium iin ithe ibody? Disorientation, ipoor iskin iturgor. iDehydration iis iassociated iwith ipoor iskin iturgor ibecause iof iloss iof iwater iin ithe itissues iand iwith idisorientation ibecause iof iloss iof iblood ivolume iin ithe ibrain. i- i i i icorrect ianswer.A i93-year-old ipatient iwith idiarrhea iand idehydration iis iadmitted ito ithe ihospital ifrom ian iextended icare ifacility. iFor iwhich iof ithe ifollowing isymptoms iof idehydration ishould ithe inurse iassess? An iolder iadult ipatient ireceiving iIV itherapy. iThe iolder iadults ihave ireduced ikidney ifunction iand imay inot ibe iable ito ihandle iexcess ifluids. i- i i i icorrect ianswer.Which ipatient iis imost iat irisk ifor ifluid iexcess? Daily iweights iare ithe ibest iway ito imonitor ifluid iimbalances. iThey iare ieasier ito imonitor iaccurately ithan iintake iand ioutput. i- i i i icorrect ianswer.What iis ithe imost ireliable iway ito imonitor ia ipatient's ifluid istatus? Elevating ithe ihead iof ithe ibed iwill iprovide imore iroom ifor ilung iexpansion iand iprovide ithe iquickest irelief ifor ishortness iof ibreath. i- i i i icorrect ianswer.When icaring ifor ia ipatient iwith ifluid iexcess, iwhich iof ithe ifollowing iinterventions iwill ibest ihelp irelieve irespiratory idistress? "Weigh iyourself iat ithe isame itime ievery iday iand ireport ichanges.". iDaily ior ievery-other-day iweights iare ieasy ito ikeep itrack iof iat ihome. i- i i i icorrect ianswer.A ipatient iis ibeing idischarged ifollowing ihospitalization ifor ifluid iimbalance. iWhich iinstruction iby ithe inurse ishould itake ipriority? Increasing imuscle istrength, iHypokalemia iis iassociated iwith imuscle iweakness. i- i i i icorrect ianswer.A ipatient iis ibeing itreated ifor ihypokalemia. iWhen ievaluating iresponse ito ipotassium ireplacement itherapy, iwhich iof ithe ifollowing iassessment ifindings ishould ithe inurse iobserve ifor? Potatoes, itomatoes, iand ibananas iare ihighest iin ipotassium. i- i i i icorrect ianswer.A ipatient iis ibeing iplaced ion ia ipotassium-losing idiuretic. iWhich ifoods iare ihigh iin ipotassium iand ishould ibe irecommended ito ithe ipatient iby ithe inurse? The ipatient iwith ichronic ipulmonary idisease. iRetained icarbon idioxide ileads ito iacidosis. i- i i i icorrect ianswer.Which ipatient iis iat irisk ifor irespiratory iacidosis?