Bio 141 Unit 1 Exam.

Bio 141 Unit 1 Exam
organism - CORRECT ANSWER-living entity made up of 1 or more cells

what are the 5 fundamental characteristics of an organism; briefly describe each
- CORRECT ANSWER-1. energy: to stay alive and reproduce; usually acquired
2. cells: membrane bound units, make up organisms
3. information: hereditary or genetic information encoded in genes
4. replication: every organisms goal is to reproduce and replicate itself
5. evolution: organisms are products and continue to evolution

theory - CORRECT ANSWER-explanation for every general class of
phenomenon or observations that are supported by a body of evidence

are theories absolutely certain, well tested? - CORRECT ANSWER-yes, yes

what did robert hook discover - CORRECT ANSWER-hey saw cells under the
microscope

what did anton von leeuwenhoek discover - CORRECT ANSWER-saw single
celled organisms

Germans discovered what about organisms and cells - CORRECT ANSWER-all
organisms had cells

cell - CORRECT ANSWER-highly organized compartment bounded by a thin
flexible structure called a plasma membrane and contains concentrated
chemicals in an aqueous solution

spontaneous generation - CORRECT ANSWER-cells arise spontaneously from
nonliving materials

2 main parts of the cell theory - CORRECT ANSWER-1. all cells come from other
cells
2. all organisms are made of cells

what are the 2 parts to a scientific theory - CORRECT ANSWER-pattern

,process

what does a process do in relation to a pattern - CORRECT ANSWER-a process
is responsible for the pattern

hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER-testable statement to explain phenomena or a
set of observations

hypothesis is for_____
theory is for______
(Broad patterns, tightly focused questions) - CORRECT ANSWER-hypothesis is
for tightly focused questions
theory is for broad patterns

prediction - CORRECT ANSWER-a measurable amount of observable results
that must be correct if the hypothesis is valid

describe pasteurs experiment - CORRECT ANSWER-I'm not going to type it all
just look over it in the book lol

evolution - CORRECT ANSWER-change is characteristics of a POPULATION
over time

how are species related - CORRECT ANSWER-through a common acestor

natural selection - CORRECT ANSWER-explains how evolution occurs

what are the 3 conditions needed for natural selection - CORRECT ANSWER-1.
variation in a gene pool
2. heritable genes
3. differential reproduction

heritable - CORRECT ANSWER-traits passed to offspring

population - CORRECT ANSWER-group of individuals of SOME SPECIES living
in the SAME AREA at the SAME TIME

, artificial selection - CORRECT ANSWER-changes in a population occur when
HUMANS select certain individuals to produce the most offspring
**natural variation still occurs**

fitness - CORRECT ANSWER-the ability of the individual to reproduce a viable
offspring

adaptation - CORRECT ANSWER-A TRAIT that increases the fitness of an
individual in a particular environment

speciation - CORRECT ANSWER-evolution of 2 or more distinct species from 1
single ancestral species

tree of life - CORRECT ANSWER-family tress of all organism

phylogeny - CORRECT ANSWER-genealogical relationships

what is used to make a phylogeny tree - CORRECT ANSWER-rRNA

why is rRNA used to sort species and show relations - CORRECT ANSWER-all
organisms need rRNA and they change with evolution, if similar show certain
similar rRNA and can track certain changes shown

what are the 3 leagues of organisms - CORRECT ANSWER-1. bacteria
2. archaea
3. eukarya

eukaryotes - CORRECT ANSWER-cells have a nucleus

prokaryotes - CORRECT ANSWER-have no nucleus

what league does a prokaryote organism belong to - CORRECT
ANSWER-bacteria and archaea

taxonomy - CORRECT ANSWER-effort to name and classify organism

taxon - CORRECT ANSWER-any named group