Electrocorticography and Functional
Mapping for CLTM Board Prep
Functional mapping with direct cortical stimulation should always be done with
concurrent electrocorticography:
True or False? - CORRECT ANSWER-True
Structural functional anatomy may be altered by: (select all that apply)
a. Pressure
b. Plasticity
c. Current
d. Previous lesions - CORRECT ANSWER-a. Pressure
b. Plasticity
c. Current
d. Previous lesions
Phase reversal SEP recordings not only identify the central sulcus but also
provide information about the distribution of motor function on the adjacent
exposed cerebral structures.
True or False? - CORRECT ANSWER-False
Dr Paul Broca, a neurosurgeon in 1861, identified the area of expressive speech
by:
a. Studying laboratory animals
b. Performing the first EP studies in humans
c. Using direct cortical stimulation in surgery
d. Following a patient with expressive aphasia and performing an autopsy after
the patient's death
e. Combining results of CT, MRI, and fMRI - CORRECT ANSWER-d. Following a
patient with expressive aphasia and performing an autopsy after the patient's
death
The growing of new neuronal connections due to new learning opportunities or
brain abnormalities or when a normal functioning hemisphere takes over
functions of the abnormal side is called:
a. Cortical dysplasia
,b. Mirror focus
c. Secondary bilateral synchrony
d. Neuroplasticity - CORRECT ANSWER-d. Neuroplasticity
Which occluded vessel is most likely to be associated with a stroke?
a. Right external carotid
b. Right common carotid
c. Right middle cerebral artery
d. Right posterior communicating artery - CORRECT ANSWER-Right middle
cerebral artery
An assessment of cognitive function, reasoning, problem solving, expressive
language, long and short term memory, attention, processing speed, visual and
spacial organization, and visual motor skills is called:
a. fMRI
b. A neuropsychological evaluation
c. SPECT and PET scans
d. MRI and CT - CORRECT ANSWER-b. A neuropsychological evaluation
Which of the following are part of an Epilepsy Surgery Evaluation? (select all that
apply)
-Neuropsychology
-MRI and CT
-Wada Test: Sodium Amobarbital
-Video EEG monitoring
-Epilepsy conference
-EMG and Nerve conduction studies
-MEG
-SPECT and PET scans - CORRECT ANSWER--Neuropsychology
-MRI and CT
-Wada Test: Sodium Amobarbital
-Video EEG monitoring
-Epilepsy conference
-MEG
-SPECT and PET scans
, Which of the following modalities is LEAST useful to monitor during a middle
cerebral artery aneurysm?
a. Surface EEG
b. Cortical EEG
c. Upper extremity SSEP
d. Brainstem Auditory Evoked Responses (BAER) - CORRECT ANSWER-d.
Brainstem Auditory Evoked Responses (BAER)
What new imaging techniques help in the placement of ECoG electrodes?
a. Ultrasound and standard X-Rays
b. Contrast MRI and CT scans
c. Digital photographs and MEG
d. Fusion of functional SPECT and PET scans and structural MRI - CORRECT
ANSWER-d. Fusion of functional SPECT and PET scans and structural MRI
How does ECoG activity differ from scalp recorded EEG? (select all that apply)
-More sharply contoured morphology
-Lower amplitude when recording from the cortex directly
-Higher amplitude
-Onset decrement or attenuation usually not seen on scalp recordings because it
is so low amplitude it is not recorded through the scalp and skull - CORRECT
ANSWER--More sharply contoured morphology
-Higher amplitude
-Onset decrement or attenuation usually not seen on scalp recordings because it
is so low amplitude it is not recorded through the scalp and skull
During surgery for an aortic arch dissection, the SSEP's from the lower
extremities remain stable, EEG shows no change but there is a gradual loss of
the SSEP and Tc-MEP from the left arm. What is the most likely etiology?
a. Left side spinal cord injury
b. Right cortical injury
c. Right brainstem injury
d. Occlusion of the left subclavian artery - CORRECT ANSWER-d. Occlusion of
the left subclavian artery
Which of the following modalities is LEAST useful to monitor during surgery for a
vertebral artery aneurysm?
Mapping for CLTM Board Prep
Functional mapping with direct cortical stimulation should always be done with
concurrent electrocorticography:
True or False? - CORRECT ANSWER-True
Structural functional anatomy may be altered by: (select all that apply)
a. Pressure
b. Plasticity
c. Current
d. Previous lesions - CORRECT ANSWER-a. Pressure
b. Plasticity
c. Current
d. Previous lesions
Phase reversal SEP recordings not only identify the central sulcus but also
provide information about the distribution of motor function on the adjacent
exposed cerebral structures.
True or False? - CORRECT ANSWER-False
Dr Paul Broca, a neurosurgeon in 1861, identified the area of expressive speech
by:
a. Studying laboratory animals
b. Performing the first EP studies in humans
c. Using direct cortical stimulation in surgery
d. Following a patient with expressive aphasia and performing an autopsy after
the patient's death
e. Combining results of CT, MRI, and fMRI - CORRECT ANSWER-d. Following a
patient with expressive aphasia and performing an autopsy after the patient's
death
The growing of new neuronal connections due to new learning opportunities or
brain abnormalities or when a normal functioning hemisphere takes over
functions of the abnormal side is called:
a. Cortical dysplasia
,b. Mirror focus
c. Secondary bilateral synchrony
d. Neuroplasticity - CORRECT ANSWER-d. Neuroplasticity
Which occluded vessel is most likely to be associated with a stroke?
a. Right external carotid
b. Right common carotid
c. Right middle cerebral artery
d. Right posterior communicating artery - CORRECT ANSWER-Right middle
cerebral artery
An assessment of cognitive function, reasoning, problem solving, expressive
language, long and short term memory, attention, processing speed, visual and
spacial organization, and visual motor skills is called:
a. fMRI
b. A neuropsychological evaluation
c. SPECT and PET scans
d. MRI and CT - CORRECT ANSWER-b. A neuropsychological evaluation
Which of the following are part of an Epilepsy Surgery Evaluation? (select all that
apply)
-Neuropsychology
-MRI and CT
-Wada Test: Sodium Amobarbital
-Video EEG monitoring
-Epilepsy conference
-EMG and Nerve conduction studies
-MEG
-SPECT and PET scans - CORRECT ANSWER--Neuropsychology
-MRI and CT
-Wada Test: Sodium Amobarbital
-Video EEG monitoring
-Epilepsy conference
-MEG
-SPECT and PET scans
, Which of the following modalities is LEAST useful to monitor during a middle
cerebral artery aneurysm?
a. Surface EEG
b. Cortical EEG
c. Upper extremity SSEP
d. Brainstem Auditory Evoked Responses (BAER) - CORRECT ANSWER-d.
Brainstem Auditory Evoked Responses (BAER)
What new imaging techniques help in the placement of ECoG electrodes?
a. Ultrasound and standard X-Rays
b. Contrast MRI and CT scans
c. Digital photographs and MEG
d. Fusion of functional SPECT and PET scans and structural MRI - CORRECT
ANSWER-d. Fusion of functional SPECT and PET scans and structural MRI
How does ECoG activity differ from scalp recorded EEG? (select all that apply)
-More sharply contoured morphology
-Lower amplitude when recording from the cortex directly
-Higher amplitude
-Onset decrement or attenuation usually not seen on scalp recordings because it
is so low amplitude it is not recorded through the scalp and skull - CORRECT
ANSWER--More sharply contoured morphology
-Higher amplitude
-Onset decrement or attenuation usually not seen on scalp recordings because it
is so low amplitude it is not recorded through the scalp and skull
During surgery for an aortic arch dissection, the SSEP's from the lower
extremities remain stable, EEG shows no change but there is a gradual loss of
the SSEP and Tc-MEP from the left arm. What is the most likely etiology?
a. Left side spinal cord injury
b. Right cortical injury
c. Right brainstem injury
d. Occlusion of the left subclavian artery - CORRECT ANSWER-d. Occlusion of
the left subclavian artery
Which of the following modalities is LEAST useful to monitor during surgery for a
vertebral artery aneurysm?
