CRAT study quide
interventional Devices "these do something" - correct answer-Pacemakers and ICDs
Ethics - correct answer-Medical ethics sffresses what moral or porper/improper to do in
healthcare situations involving humans
1.patient rights
2.when patients must be treated regardless of ability to pay
3.requirements for various forms of medical consent
4.guidelines for studies and experimentation
5.a variety of end od life issues.
consent - correct answer-permission for something to happen or agreement to do
something.
informed consent - correct answer-takes place when a patient has been informed of the
reason, process, benefits and risks of an intervention
how to respond to a patient call - correct answer-any questions arising regarding the test,
insurance, results ect should be generally directed to the practice.
and DO NOT give out private information by phone
when working live monitoring at home - correct answer-due to company policy if an
emergency occurs always call emergency services and gather information needed.
intake/registration/identification - correct answer-verify name and DOB verbally with the
patient
in hospital patients need to have their wrist bands checked - correct answer-confirmation for
ID may include a verbal confirmation from the patient or asking the nurse that is supervising
that room if patient is unable.
what to not use when verifying patient information in hospital - correct answer-room number
or door name tag because the information may not be accurate and there may be multiple
patients to a room
who do you go to if there is any insurance issues - correct answer-the medical providers
office
whos responsibility is it to order and prescribe tests - correct answer-the medical providers
office
referring provider - correct answer-this may be a primary care provider (PCP) who has sent
(referred) the patient to a specialist (cardiologist) for an evaluation and test
,ordering provider - correct answer-this is the provider who actually ordered the ECG
procedure. If the patient was referred form the PCP to a cardiologist and the cardiologist
orders the test, then the cardiologist is the ordering provider
Documentation - correct answer-- be sure to document all interactions fully, faithful to the
patient's own narrative
- include the name of the chaperone in the room if one is required during ECG
- Billing/coding is usually not handled by ECG techs, but not occasionally a tech may circle
test on a billing supersheet
- Make sure at least one permanent copy (paper/Electronic) of documentation is kept for
legally required time
Patient education - correct answer-as an ECG technician we can provide information about
cardiological testing in general and anything the patient needs to know regarding the
logistics of testing, outside of actually making decisions or recommendations for their case.
Specific medical questions - correct answer-specific risks versus benefits in their case,
justification based on their medical history is best left to the provider
when explaining holter monitors/ office ecgs - correct answer-Be able to tell the patient about
the process of the intervention they are having
-who is doing the monitoring/interpretation
-the expected timeline results
-Be able to answer general questions about the process, risks and benefits ( not specific
questions about the patient)
How to educate the patient in proper use of the device - correct answer--When to perform a
button press
-if recharging or battery changes are needed
-Electrode re-placement and securing in case of detachment
Endocardium - correct answer-Innermost layer of the heart
Myocardium - correct answer-muscular, middle layer of the heart
Epicardium - correct answer-outermost layer of the heart
Pericardium - correct answer-outter sac that hold the heart and lays against the lungs
pericardial fluid - correct answer-fills the pericardial sac. cushions and protects the heart and
dampens movement
Blood flow through the heart - correct answer-1-Superior & Inferior Vena Cava, 2-Rt Atrium,
3-Tricuspid Valve, 4- Rt Ventricle, 5-Pulmonary Valve, 6-Pulmonary Artery, 7- Lungs-pick up
oxygen, 8-Pulmonary Veins, 9- Lt Atrium, 10- Mitral Valve (Bicuspid), 11-Lt Ventricle, 12-
Aortic Valve, 13-Aorta, 14- Body
, right sided pump - correct answer-receives deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it
to the lungs
left sided pump - correct answer-receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to
the body
Normal conduction pathway of the heart - correct answer-SA node, Atria, AV node, bundle of
His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers then sometimes ventricles
Electricity - correct answer-A movement of electrons between atoms
Lead Colors - correct answer-White: right arm
Black: Left Arm
Red: Left leg
Green: Right Leg
hint: remember clouds over grass, smoke over fire
Chest leads - correct answer-V1-V6 colors are not consistent and standard, and may be any
colors other than white, black, red and green
lead - correct answer-a Physical wire or cable and electrode attached to the patient
12 lead machine - correct answer-has 10 wires/cables and electrodes.
Bi polar limb lead views - correct answer-Lead l, Lead ll, Lead lll
augmented (unibipolar) limb lead views - correct answer-aVR (augmented Vector-Right) aVL
(augmented Vector-Left) aVF (augmented Vector-Foot)
Right sided leads - correct answer-V1R, V2R, V3R, V4R, V5R, V6R - mirroring image on V-6
used for right sided detection
Posterior leads - correct answer-V7, V8, V9 placed on the back under the left shoulder blade
Dextrocardia - correct answer-when the heart is on the opposite or right side of the chest
Lead ll - correct answer-is usually the main lead used for the main rhythm strips
infarcts, infarctions - correct answer-clots causing muscle death
ischemia - correct answer-lack of blood flow
four main regions of the LV are? - correct answer-Anterior (front wall of LV) Lateral (left side
of LV) Inferior (Bottom of LV) Septal (right side of LV)
Lateral Lead - correct answer-I, aVL, V5, V6
interventional Devices "these do something" - correct answer-Pacemakers and ICDs
Ethics - correct answer-Medical ethics sffresses what moral or porper/improper to do in
healthcare situations involving humans
1.patient rights
2.when patients must be treated regardless of ability to pay
3.requirements for various forms of medical consent
4.guidelines for studies and experimentation
5.a variety of end od life issues.
consent - correct answer-permission for something to happen or agreement to do
something.
informed consent - correct answer-takes place when a patient has been informed of the
reason, process, benefits and risks of an intervention
how to respond to a patient call - correct answer-any questions arising regarding the test,
insurance, results ect should be generally directed to the practice.
and DO NOT give out private information by phone
when working live monitoring at home - correct answer-due to company policy if an
emergency occurs always call emergency services and gather information needed.
intake/registration/identification - correct answer-verify name and DOB verbally with the
patient
in hospital patients need to have their wrist bands checked - correct answer-confirmation for
ID may include a verbal confirmation from the patient or asking the nurse that is supervising
that room if patient is unable.
what to not use when verifying patient information in hospital - correct answer-room number
or door name tag because the information may not be accurate and there may be multiple
patients to a room
who do you go to if there is any insurance issues - correct answer-the medical providers
office
whos responsibility is it to order and prescribe tests - correct answer-the medical providers
office
referring provider - correct answer-this may be a primary care provider (PCP) who has sent
(referred) the patient to a specialist (cardiologist) for an evaluation and test
,ordering provider - correct answer-this is the provider who actually ordered the ECG
procedure. If the patient was referred form the PCP to a cardiologist and the cardiologist
orders the test, then the cardiologist is the ordering provider
Documentation - correct answer-- be sure to document all interactions fully, faithful to the
patient's own narrative
- include the name of the chaperone in the room if one is required during ECG
- Billing/coding is usually not handled by ECG techs, but not occasionally a tech may circle
test on a billing supersheet
- Make sure at least one permanent copy (paper/Electronic) of documentation is kept for
legally required time
Patient education - correct answer-as an ECG technician we can provide information about
cardiological testing in general and anything the patient needs to know regarding the
logistics of testing, outside of actually making decisions or recommendations for their case.
Specific medical questions - correct answer-specific risks versus benefits in their case,
justification based on their medical history is best left to the provider
when explaining holter monitors/ office ecgs - correct answer-Be able to tell the patient about
the process of the intervention they are having
-who is doing the monitoring/interpretation
-the expected timeline results
-Be able to answer general questions about the process, risks and benefits ( not specific
questions about the patient)
How to educate the patient in proper use of the device - correct answer--When to perform a
button press
-if recharging or battery changes are needed
-Electrode re-placement and securing in case of detachment
Endocardium - correct answer-Innermost layer of the heart
Myocardium - correct answer-muscular, middle layer of the heart
Epicardium - correct answer-outermost layer of the heart
Pericardium - correct answer-outter sac that hold the heart and lays against the lungs
pericardial fluid - correct answer-fills the pericardial sac. cushions and protects the heart and
dampens movement
Blood flow through the heart - correct answer-1-Superior & Inferior Vena Cava, 2-Rt Atrium,
3-Tricuspid Valve, 4- Rt Ventricle, 5-Pulmonary Valve, 6-Pulmonary Artery, 7- Lungs-pick up
oxygen, 8-Pulmonary Veins, 9- Lt Atrium, 10- Mitral Valve (Bicuspid), 11-Lt Ventricle, 12-
Aortic Valve, 13-Aorta, 14- Body
, right sided pump - correct answer-receives deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it
to the lungs
left sided pump - correct answer-receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to
the body
Normal conduction pathway of the heart - correct answer-SA node, Atria, AV node, bundle of
His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers then sometimes ventricles
Electricity - correct answer-A movement of electrons between atoms
Lead Colors - correct answer-White: right arm
Black: Left Arm
Red: Left leg
Green: Right Leg
hint: remember clouds over grass, smoke over fire
Chest leads - correct answer-V1-V6 colors are not consistent and standard, and may be any
colors other than white, black, red and green
lead - correct answer-a Physical wire or cable and electrode attached to the patient
12 lead machine - correct answer-has 10 wires/cables and electrodes.
Bi polar limb lead views - correct answer-Lead l, Lead ll, Lead lll
augmented (unibipolar) limb lead views - correct answer-aVR (augmented Vector-Right) aVL
(augmented Vector-Left) aVF (augmented Vector-Foot)
Right sided leads - correct answer-V1R, V2R, V3R, V4R, V5R, V6R - mirroring image on V-6
used for right sided detection
Posterior leads - correct answer-V7, V8, V9 placed on the back under the left shoulder blade
Dextrocardia - correct answer-when the heart is on the opposite or right side of the chest
Lead ll - correct answer-is usually the main lead used for the main rhythm strips
infarcts, infarctions - correct answer-clots causing muscle death
ischemia - correct answer-lack of blood flow
four main regions of the LV are? - correct answer-Anterior (front wall of LV) Lateral (left side
of LV) Inferior (Bottom of LV) Septal (right side of LV)
Lateral Lead - correct answer-I, aVL, V5, V6
