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control of salt marsh mosquitoes has made a major contribution to the development of this industry
in Florida
tourist industry
inverse relationship or a steady rise in income from tourism to a steady decline of the major salt
marsh pest mosquito, Aedes taeniorhynchus.
Past relationship between tourism dollars and mosquitoes
very swift currents and in open bodies of water
Mosquitoes occur throughout the world, breeding in almost every known aquatic habitat except
Larval habitats - grassy margins of ponds, land crab holes, and aquatic plants, eggs may be laid singly
or in rafts, on water or on damp soil where they hatch in subsequent flooding, flight ranges from a
few hundred feet to more than eighty miles with favorable winds, hibernation or overwintering in
different species may be in the egg stage, as larvae, or as adults
variations present among species
80
number of mosquito species in FL
When Congress was debating the merits of statehood for Florida, this man stated that Florida could
never be developed, nor would it ever be a fit place to live. He described the 1 land as a "land of
swamps, of quagmires, of frogs and alligators and mosquitoes."
John Randolph of Virginia
Name given to Ponce de Leon Inlet because the mosquito was such a plague when the Spaniards
arrived
"Barro de Mosquitoes"
In the 18th Century, the name for part of Florida lying between the St. Johns River and the coastal
lagoons north of Cape Canaveral
"The Mosquito Country," or "The Mosquitoes"
Name given to Mosquito Country in 1825 when it became a county which included a large portion of
peninsular Florida
"Mosquito County"
Name for northern Florida that was settled, but anything but a pleasant place to live. Area suffered
from disease, hardship, and poverty; the major cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, Tallahassee and
Pensacola
"malaria belt"
,Year of one of the worst sieges of the yellow fever epidemic in in Jacksonville and Fernandina Beach.
It was described by historians as the State's worst holocaust. Fernandina Beach, with a population of
1,632, had 1,146 persons ill with the fever. Twenty-four died.
1877
Year yellow fever epidemics raged in Key West, Tampa, Plant City, and Manatee.
1887
Year yellow fever epidemic in Jacksonville saw 10,000 persons (out of a population of 26,700 in Duval
County) flee the city in carriages, drays, wagon trains, and ships.
1888
Island was once so heavily infested with mosquitoes that bred in the vast grassy marshes that the
local postman had to make his rounds in July dressed like an Eskimo in a parka and netting.
Sanibel
Major event that spurred organized effort to control mosquitoes in Florida as a way of preventing
malaria when the U.S. Army, U. S. Public Health Service, and the State Board of Health set up a
program of drainage and larviciding at Camp Johnson, near Jacksonville.
WWI
Year when the State Board of Health, the city of Perry, and the Burton Swartz Cypress Company
jointly set up a malaria control project in the city of Perry, one of the most malarious areas of the
State. At that time the Perry project was one of the largest malaria control projects in the country and
was the first non-military control project in Florida
1919
Year of formation of the Florida Anti-Mosquito Association (FAMA) (now known as the Florida
Mosquito Control Association, FMCA)
1922
Year when Indian River County Mosquito Control District was established
1925
Year when St. Lucie Mosquito District established
1926
Year when Broward County Mosquito Control District established
1934
Year when Dade County Mosquito Control District was established
1935
By this year, there were 52 mosquito control districts in Florida, and that number has remained fairly
constant to the present day
1975
, Period when many malaria control projects were performed with funding from the Civil Works
Administration, Emergency Relief Administration of the Works Progress Administration. During this
period, more than 1,500 miles of drainage ditches were dug throughout the state to eliminate
mosquito breeding habitats.
1933 - 1941
year when a Bureau of Malaria Control was created within the Division of Health
1941
Year when the U.S. Public Health Service set up the first Malaria Control in War Areas project in
Florida near Tallahassee
1942
Period when a program of DDT residual house spraying in malarious areas of Florida was supported by
U.S. Public Health Funds
1945 - 1949
Year when the Bureau of Malaria Control was abolished and a Division of Entomology was created
within the Bureau of Sanitary Engineering
1946
Year when the Division of Entomology was raised to Bureau status
1953
Year when the Bureau of Entomology became the Office of Entomology
1976
Year when Office of Entomology became Entomology Services in the Department of Health and
Rehabilitative Services
1986
Year when Entomology Services was moved to the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services
(DACS), where it is now known as the Bureau of Scientific Evaluation and Technical Assistance
(BSETA).
1992
promoting control of insects of public health importance, serving as advisors and consultants for
mosquito control districts, and administering all state funds appropriated for nonagricultural
arthropod control work
Functions of BSETA
Years when state laws were passed which set up methods for establishing self-taxing mosquito
control districts
1925, 1929, and 1941