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Purpose of needs analysis?
1. identify learning gaps-determine problem
2. identify instructional goal
3. identify current/desired condition
Interview VS. focus group
interview= 1 respondent
focus group=more than 1 respondent
components of goal statements
AKA instructional goals
1. learner(s)
2. action (what will students do?)
3. context to which skills are applied
4. tools they will need to complete skill
What is a task analysis?
AKA: goal analysis or instructional analysis
(instructional designer can see the breakdown of elements or components needed to complete a
job/task.)
Visual breakdown of goal into steps that students must complete in order to show mastery of a skill.
Either flowchart or list depending on goal type: verbal, intellectual, attitude, psychomotor
Why conduct a learner analysis?
To tailor instruction to fit the needs of specific learners: What entry level skills do they have? What
prior knowledge do they have?
Entry level skills VS prior knowledge
ELS: skills students must have mastered before the unit begins
PK: any existing knowledge student has on topic. Measured by a pretest.
Gagne's 9 Events
1. gain attention
2. inform learners of objective
3. stimulate recall
4. present content
5. provide guidance
6. perform (practice)
7. provide feedback
8. assess
9. enhance retention & transfer to job
Factual details VS big ideas/essential questions
Factual details: questions with one answer
Essential questions: big idea questions that connect to life. Answer can be changed over time with
new insights. BROAD