WGU IDC 1 set 2 Questions and Answers
100% Correct
ID
Instructional Design
umbrella term to include all phases of the ISD process
Robert Gagne
published "The Conditions of Learning", 1965
cognitive info processing
Cognitive Learning Theory
-assumes most human behavior to be very complex and controlled primarily by persons internal
mental processes rather than external stimuli and reinforcements.
-Learning has occurred when students have incorporated new info into memories to allow new
capabilities.
-Instruction is organizing and providing sets of info, examples, experiences, and activities to guide,
support, and augment internal mental process of students.
Cognitive learning presumes that psychological factors are important for influencing how one
behaves.
Constructivist Learning Theory
-main view point is learning is a unique product "constructed" by each individual learner combining
new and existing knowledge and experiences.
-Learning is intertwined with experiences and the primary role of the teacher is to create appropriate
learning environment.
-Learning is based on interactions with authentic representations of real practices.
Behaviorist Learning Theory
-developed by B. F. Skinner
-Three basic assumptions are held to be true:
-First, learning is manifested by a change in behavior.
-Second, the environment shapes behavior.
-And third, the principles of contiguity (how close in time two events must be for a bond to be
formed) and reinforcement (any means of increasing the likelihood that an event will be repeated)
are central to explaining the learning process.
-For behaviorism, learning is the acquisition of new behavior through conditioning.
Behavioral learning assumes that people's environment (surroundings) cause people to behave in
certain ways.
Components of a Systems Approach Model
1- Identify instructional goal: decide what new skill or info the student should have
2- Conduct instructional analysis: determine step by step what skills are needed to complete the goal.
Decide entry skills needed for learners to be successful.
3- Anlyze learners and contexts: context in which learners will learn and context in which they will use
new skills. Learner's current skills, preferences, and attitudes. Characteristics of instructional setting
and setting where they will eventually use the skills. This step shapes succeeding steps (especially
strategy)
4- Write performance objectives: specific statements of what learners will be able to do at completion
of instruction based on analysis from previous steps.
5- Develop assessment instruments: develop assessments based on objectives to measure learners
ability to perform. Relate kind of skills described in objectives to assessment requirements.
100% Correct
ID
Instructional Design
umbrella term to include all phases of the ISD process
Robert Gagne
published "The Conditions of Learning", 1965
cognitive info processing
Cognitive Learning Theory
-assumes most human behavior to be very complex and controlled primarily by persons internal
mental processes rather than external stimuli and reinforcements.
-Learning has occurred when students have incorporated new info into memories to allow new
capabilities.
-Instruction is organizing and providing sets of info, examples, experiences, and activities to guide,
support, and augment internal mental process of students.
Cognitive learning presumes that psychological factors are important for influencing how one
behaves.
Constructivist Learning Theory
-main view point is learning is a unique product "constructed" by each individual learner combining
new and existing knowledge and experiences.
-Learning is intertwined with experiences and the primary role of the teacher is to create appropriate
learning environment.
-Learning is based on interactions with authentic representations of real practices.
Behaviorist Learning Theory
-developed by B. F. Skinner
-Three basic assumptions are held to be true:
-First, learning is manifested by a change in behavior.
-Second, the environment shapes behavior.
-And third, the principles of contiguity (how close in time two events must be for a bond to be
formed) and reinforcement (any means of increasing the likelihood that an event will be repeated)
are central to explaining the learning process.
-For behaviorism, learning is the acquisition of new behavior through conditioning.
Behavioral learning assumes that people's environment (surroundings) cause people to behave in
certain ways.
Components of a Systems Approach Model
1- Identify instructional goal: decide what new skill or info the student should have
2- Conduct instructional analysis: determine step by step what skills are needed to complete the goal.
Decide entry skills needed for learners to be successful.
3- Anlyze learners and contexts: context in which learners will learn and context in which they will use
new skills. Learner's current skills, preferences, and attitudes. Characteristics of instructional setting
and setting where they will eventually use the skills. This step shapes succeeding steps (especially
strategy)
4- Write performance objectives: specific statements of what learners will be able to do at completion
of instruction based on analysis from previous steps.
5- Develop assessment instruments: develop assessments based on objectives to measure learners
ability to perform. Relate kind of skills described in objectives to assessment requirements.
