BIOLOGY PENN FOSTER EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
Cells are
the smallest unit of life
The correct order of biological organization
Population, community, ecosystem, biosphere
Adaptation
A modification that makes organisms more suited to their environment
Archaea
The life domain whose members live in very harsh environments, such as salt lakes and
hot springs
During a scientific experiment, the control group is
identical to the experimental group in all areas except the variable being tested.
Proton
A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an
atom
octet rule
The concept that states: When an atom has two or more electron shells, the outer shell
will be most stable if it contains eight electrons
When two oxygen atoms join together what is formed
Molecule
The ( ) bond is s type of atomic bond in which atoms share electrons to produce a
completed outer shell
Covalent
The polarity of water molecules causes them to be attracted to one another by a
( ) bond
Hydrogen
,As the number of hydrogen ions in a solution increases, the pH of the solution
Decreases
During winter only the upper surface of a lake freezes, which allows for life to
persist below the surface. Which of water's unique properties is responsible for
this phenomenon?
Lower density as ice
The most abundant element by weight in the human body is
Oxygen
The polysaccharide structural carbohydrate most commonly used by living
things is
Cellulose
Which of of the following functional groups is associated with fatty acids?
Carboxyl
The hard body parts of insects and crabs are composed of a polysaccharide
called
Chitin
Cell membranes are composed mainly of which type of lipids?
Phospholipids
( ) proteins are made of polypeptide chains folded into rounded compact shapes
Globular
When joined by a dehydration reaction, the covalent bond between the carboxyl
groups of two amino acids is called a ( ) bond
Peptide
The sugar in RNA is
Ribose
Within cells, the synthesis of proteins occurs in the
Ribosomes
What is the main function of the mitochondria?
Producing ATP
The ( ) keep(s) the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells separate from the DNA
Nuclear envelope
, Organelles that use solar energy to make carbohydrates are called
Chloroplasts
The ( ) are sometimes called the "powerhouses" of this cell
Mitochondria
The cell-to-cell junctions that allow cells to communicate are called ( ) junctions
Gap
In a/an ( ) reaction, one reaction releases energy and the second uses energy
Coupled
Name three features of enzymes
(1) they drive reactions in a forward direction, (2) they bind to a substrate during a
reaction, (3) they speed up reaction time
The term entropy refers to
The relative amount of disorganization in a system
The term phagocytosis refers to a type of
endocytosis.
( ) is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of
higher concentration to an area of lesser concentration
Osmosis
In the electron pathway for light reactions in photosynthesis, PS II involves
Splitting water
A plant that absorbs blue-violet-green wavelengths of light, will reflect what
color?
Yellow-orange
( ) is an example of a CAM plant
Pineapple
The final step of the Calvin cycle is the regeneration of
RuBP
Atmospheric carbon dioxide enters leaves through
Stomata
The largest energy yield during aerobic respiration occurs after which stage?
electron transport chain cycle
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
Cells are
the smallest unit of life
The correct order of biological organization
Population, community, ecosystem, biosphere
Adaptation
A modification that makes organisms more suited to their environment
Archaea
The life domain whose members live in very harsh environments, such as salt lakes and
hot springs
During a scientific experiment, the control group is
identical to the experimental group in all areas except the variable being tested.
Proton
A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an
atom
octet rule
The concept that states: When an atom has two or more electron shells, the outer shell
will be most stable if it contains eight electrons
When two oxygen atoms join together what is formed
Molecule
The ( ) bond is s type of atomic bond in which atoms share electrons to produce a
completed outer shell
Covalent
The polarity of water molecules causes them to be attracted to one another by a
( ) bond
Hydrogen
,As the number of hydrogen ions in a solution increases, the pH of the solution
Decreases
During winter only the upper surface of a lake freezes, which allows for life to
persist below the surface. Which of water's unique properties is responsible for
this phenomenon?
Lower density as ice
The most abundant element by weight in the human body is
Oxygen
The polysaccharide structural carbohydrate most commonly used by living
things is
Cellulose
Which of of the following functional groups is associated with fatty acids?
Carboxyl
The hard body parts of insects and crabs are composed of a polysaccharide
called
Chitin
Cell membranes are composed mainly of which type of lipids?
Phospholipids
( ) proteins are made of polypeptide chains folded into rounded compact shapes
Globular
When joined by a dehydration reaction, the covalent bond between the carboxyl
groups of two amino acids is called a ( ) bond
Peptide
The sugar in RNA is
Ribose
Within cells, the synthesis of proteins occurs in the
Ribosomes
What is the main function of the mitochondria?
Producing ATP
The ( ) keep(s) the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells separate from the DNA
Nuclear envelope
, Organelles that use solar energy to make carbohydrates are called
Chloroplasts
The ( ) are sometimes called the "powerhouses" of this cell
Mitochondria
The cell-to-cell junctions that allow cells to communicate are called ( ) junctions
Gap
In a/an ( ) reaction, one reaction releases energy and the second uses energy
Coupled
Name three features of enzymes
(1) they drive reactions in a forward direction, (2) they bind to a substrate during a
reaction, (3) they speed up reaction time
The term entropy refers to
The relative amount of disorganization in a system
The term phagocytosis refers to a type of
endocytosis.
( ) is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of
higher concentration to an area of lesser concentration
Osmosis
In the electron pathway for light reactions in photosynthesis, PS II involves
Splitting water
A plant that absorbs blue-violet-green wavelengths of light, will reflect what
color?
Yellow-orange
( ) is an example of a CAM plant
Pineapple
The final step of the Calvin cycle is the regeneration of
RuBP
Atmospheric carbon dioxide enters leaves through
Stomata
The largest energy yield during aerobic respiration occurs after which stage?
electron transport chain cycle
