◦ What are the three types of strain that Agnew proposes? -Answer-Agnew proposed
that there are three types of coping mechanisms: cognitive, behavioral, and emotional
◦ What can the state do to prevent crime? -Answer-Reducing the Payoff. ...
Access Control. ...
Surveillance. ...
Environmental Change.
5 main policing services -Answer-• Contract
• Federal
• National
• Peacekeeping
• Protective
5 types of adaptation -Answer-1. Conformity
2. Innovation
3. Ritualism
4. Retreatism
5. Rebellion
Agnew's Strain Theory -Answer--Emotion connects strain to deviant behavior.
-Strain elicits negative affective states (frustration, anger, fear) that create the
motivation to act.
Aker's four concepts -Answer-differential association, definitions, differential
reinforcements, and imitation
Aker's Social Learning Theory -Answer-learning occurs via a process of differential
reinforcement, or a history of direct or vicarious experiences with consequences of
behavior
Albert Bandura -Answer-• Children imitate behaviour learned on television. bobo dolls
American Dream -Answer-The widespread belief that the United States is a land of
opportunity and that individual initiative and hard work can bring economic success.
Anomie (Durkheim) -Answer-a condition of instability resulting from a breakdown of
standards and values or from a lack of purpose or ideals
Broken Windows Theory -Answer-a theory proposing that even small acts of crime,
disorder, and vandalism can threaten a neighborhood and render it unsafe
, Canada Death Penalty -Answer-1976 eliminated the death penalty from the Criminal
Code
• Previous lack of use
• Other references remained
Replaced with life imprisonment, no chance of parole for 25 years
Chicago School -Answer-Group of urban sociologists who studied the relationship
between environmental conditions and crime.
Classical School -Answer-the school of thought that individuals have free will to choose
whether to commit crimes
Cloward and Ohlin's Differential Opportunity Theory -Answer-Differential opportunity
theory in criminology is an ideology that Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin proposed and
assumes that young individuals who are unable to find financial reward and status via
legitimate means will turn to one (or more) of three possible subcultures in order to
achieve certain goals
Code of the Street (Anderson) -Answer-set of informal rules governing interpersonal
public behavior, including violence
collective efficacy -Answer-social control exerted by cohesive communities and based
on mutual trust
Colvin differential coercion theory -Answer-is compelling a party to act in an involuntary
manner by the use of threats, including threats to use force against a party
Concentric Zone Theory -Answer-A theory of urban growth that sees growth in terms of
a series of rings radiating from the central business district.
Control Balance Theory (Tittle) -Answer-Blended social bonding theory and containment
theory
CRAVED model -Answer-Concealable
Removable
Available
Valuable
Enjoyable
Disposable
Crime Funnel -Answer-a model indicating that the actual total quantity of crime is much
higher than the decreasing proportion that is detected, reported, prosecuted, and
punished
Crime is a part of our society -Answer-yeah
that there are three types of coping mechanisms: cognitive, behavioral, and emotional
◦ What can the state do to prevent crime? -Answer-Reducing the Payoff. ...
Access Control. ...
Surveillance. ...
Environmental Change.
5 main policing services -Answer-• Contract
• Federal
• National
• Peacekeeping
• Protective
5 types of adaptation -Answer-1. Conformity
2. Innovation
3. Ritualism
4. Retreatism
5. Rebellion
Agnew's Strain Theory -Answer--Emotion connects strain to deviant behavior.
-Strain elicits negative affective states (frustration, anger, fear) that create the
motivation to act.
Aker's four concepts -Answer-differential association, definitions, differential
reinforcements, and imitation
Aker's Social Learning Theory -Answer-learning occurs via a process of differential
reinforcement, or a history of direct or vicarious experiences with consequences of
behavior
Albert Bandura -Answer-• Children imitate behaviour learned on television. bobo dolls
American Dream -Answer-The widespread belief that the United States is a land of
opportunity and that individual initiative and hard work can bring economic success.
Anomie (Durkheim) -Answer-a condition of instability resulting from a breakdown of
standards and values or from a lack of purpose or ideals
Broken Windows Theory -Answer-a theory proposing that even small acts of crime,
disorder, and vandalism can threaten a neighborhood and render it unsafe
, Canada Death Penalty -Answer-1976 eliminated the death penalty from the Criminal
Code
• Previous lack of use
• Other references remained
Replaced with life imprisonment, no chance of parole for 25 years
Chicago School -Answer-Group of urban sociologists who studied the relationship
between environmental conditions and crime.
Classical School -Answer-the school of thought that individuals have free will to choose
whether to commit crimes
Cloward and Ohlin's Differential Opportunity Theory -Answer-Differential opportunity
theory in criminology is an ideology that Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin proposed and
assumes that young individuals who are unable to find financial reward and status via
legitimate means will turn to one (or more) of three possible subcultures in order to
achieve certain goals
Code of the Street (Anderson) -Answer-set of informal rules governing interpersonal
public behavior, including violence
collective efficacy -Answer-social control exerted by cohesive communities and based
on mutual trust
Colvin differential coercion theory -Answer-is compelling a party to act in an involuntary
manner by the use of threats, including threats to use force against a party
Concentric Zone Theory -Answer-A theory of urban growth that sees growth in terms of
a series of rings radiating from the central business district.
Control Balance Theory (Tittle) -Answer-Blended social bonding theory and containment
theory
CRAVED model -Answer-Concealable
Removable
Available
Valuable
Enjoyable
Disposable
Crime Funnel -Answer-a model indicating that the actual total quantity of crime is much
higher than the decreasing proportion that is detected, reported, prosecuted, and
punished
Crime is a part of our society -Answer-yeah
