➴ ● Telescope
- 17th Century, Hans Lipershey; Galileo Galilei
- Revolutionized astronomy
Science and Technology Historical Timeline
● Microscope
- 17th Century, Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek
The Birth of Technology (2 million yrs BC) - Revolutionized biology and medicine
● Tools ● Steam Engine
- The Stone Age is a prehistoric period of human - 18th Century, Thomas Newcomen; James Watt
history characterized by the widespread use of - Lead the industrial revolution
stone tools.
○ Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) The Second Industrial Revolution (19th Century - 1945)
- 2.5m yrs - 10,000 BCE ● Electricity
- Humans lived as hunter-gatherers, - Revolutionized industries, transportation, domestic
relying on stone tools. life
○ Mesolithic (Middle Stone Age) - Thomas Edison’s incandescent light bulb in 1879
- 10,000 BCE - 6,000 BCE and the construction of the central electrical power
- Development in human societies. station in 1882, New York City with George
○ Neolithic (New Stone Age) Westinghouse
- 6,000 BCE - 2,000 BCE ● Telecommunications
- Rise of civilization - Revolutionized communication
● Metal Age - Alexander Graham Bell’s telephone in 1876
- Metalworking Age or Metallurgical Age, ● Chemical Industry
characterized by the widespread use of metal - Advancements in the chemical industry
tools and weapons. - German chemist Friedrich Bayer’s development of
○ Bronze Age the dye industry in the late 19th Century and the
- 3300 BCE in the Near East discovery of synthetic materials.
- Rise of complex civilizations ● Mechanization of Agriculture
○ Iron Age - Revolutionized agriculture
- 1200 BCE in Anatolia (Turkey) - Invention of mechanical reaper and threshing
- Emergence of powerful empires and machine
civilizations. ● Automobiles and Aviation
● The Wheel and Writing System - Transformation of transportation and urban
○ Invention of the Wheel development
- 3500 BCE - Karl Benz and Henry Ford in the late 19th Century
- Revolutionized transportation and early 20th Century developed automobiles.
○ Writing Systems - The Wright brothers’ powered flight in 1903
- 3000 BCE marked the beginning of the aviation age
- Cuneiform and hieroglyphs emerged ● Mass Production and Assembly Line
- Henry Ford implemented the assembly line
New Innovations (9th - 18th Century) production system that revolutionized
● Gunpowder manufacturing processes.
- 9th Century, China
- Revolutionized warfare Third Scientific-Technical Revolution
● Printing Press ● IT Advancements
- 15th Century, Johannes Gutenberg (1440) - Digitization of various aspects of life
- Lead the spread of knowledge ● AI Automation
● Compass - Increased efficiency and productivity
- 11th Century, China ● Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering
- Revolutionized navigation - Opened up possibilities in healthcare, agriculture,
● Eyeglasses and environmental conservation
- 13th Century, Italy ● Renewable Energy and SustainableTechnologies
- Enhanced quality of life and productivity - Addressed climate change issues and lessen fossil
● Mechanical Clock fuel dependencies
- 13th Century, Europe ● IOT and Connectivity
- Revolutionized timekeeping - Created networked environment
● Waterwheel ● Space Exploration and Colonization
- 1st Century BCE - 9th Century CE - Innovation in space transportation
- Used for various industrial applications
● Windmill
- 7th Century, Persia
- Harness wind energy
- 17th Century, Hans Lipershey; Galileo Galilei
- Revolutionized astronomy
Science and Technology Historical Timeline
● Microscope
- 17th Century, Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek
The Birth of Technology (2 million yrs BC) - Revolutionized biology and medicine
● Tools ● Steam Engine
- The Stone Age is a prehistoric period of human - 18th Century, Thomas Newcomen; James Watt
history characterized by the widespread use of - Lead the industrial revolution
stone tools.
○ Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) The Second Industrial Revolution (19th Century - 1945)
- 2.5m yrs - 10,000 BCE ● Electricity
- Humans lived as hunter-gatherers, - Revolutionized industries, transportation, domestic
relying on stone tools. life
○ Mesolithic (Middle Stone Age) - Thomas Edison’s incandescent light bulb in 1879
- 10,000 BCE - 6,000 BCE and the construction of the central electrical power
- Development in human societies. station in 1882, New York City with George
○ Neolithic (New Stone Age) Westinghouse
- 6,000 BCE - 2,000 BCE ● Telecommunications
- Rise of civilization - Revolutionized communication
● Metal Age - Alexander Graham Bell’s telephone in 1876
- Metalworking Age or Metallurgical Age, ● Chemical Industry
characterized by the widespread use of metal - Advancements in the chemical industry
tools and weapons. - German chemist Friedrich Bayer’s development of
○ Bronze Age the dye industry in the late 19th Century and the
- 3300 BCE in the Near East discovery of synthetic materials.
- Rise of complex civilizations ● Mechanization of Agriculture
○ Iron Age - Revolutionized agriculture
- 1200 BCE in Anatolia (Turkey) - Invention of mechanical reaper and threshing
- Emergence of powerful empires and machine
civilizations. ● Automobiles and Aviation
● The Wheel and Writing System - Transformation of transportation and urban
○ Invention of the Wheel development
- 3500 BCE - Karl Benz and Henry Ford in the late 19th Century
- Revolutionized transportation and early 20th Century developed automobiles.
○ Writing Systems - The Wright brothers’ powered flight in 1903
- 3000 BCE marked the beginning of the aviation age
- Cuneiform and hieroglyphs emerged ● Mass Production and Assembly Line
- Henry Ford implemented the assembly line
New Innovations (9th - 18th Century) production system that revolutionized
● Gunpowder manufacturing processes.
- 9th Century, China
- Revolutionized warfare Third Scientific-Technical Revolution
● Printing Press ● IT Advancements
- 15th Century, Johannes Gutenberg (1440) - Digitization of various aspects of life
- Lead the spread of knowledge ● AI Automation
● Compass - Increased efficiency and productivity
- 11th Century, China ● Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering
- Revolutionized navigation - Opened up possibilities in healthcare, agriculture,
● Eyeglasses and environmental conservation
- 13th Century, Italy ● Renewable Energy and SustainableTechnologies
- Enhanced quality of life and productivity - Addressed climate change issues and lessen fossil
● Mechanical Clock fuel dependencies
- 13th Century, Europe ● IOT and Connectivity
- Revolutionized timekeeping - Created networked environment
● Waterwheel ● Space Exploration and Colonization
- 1st Century BCE - 9th Century CE - Innovation in space transportation
- Used for various industrial applications
● Windmill
- 7th Century, Persia
- Harness wind energy
