TESOL Questions and Answers Already
Passed
pivotal behavior
A behavior that, when learned, produces corresponding modifications or covariation in other
untrained behaviors.
Pivotal Response Training (PRT)
Targets increasing social-communicative repertoires and the child's responsiveness to the
environment.
Focuses not only on language, but also on motivation, self-regulation, responding to multiple cues,
and self-initiation of social interactions
functional communication training
An antecedent intervention in which an appropriate communicative behavior is taught as a
replacement behavior for problem behavior usually evoked by an establishing operation (EO).
TEACCH
A well research program used with individuals with ASD. The program emphasizes language
development and uses a variety of visual cues to facilitate language development.
Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP)
Special education term used to describe the written plan used to address problem behavior that
includes positive behavioral interventions, strategies and support. May include program modifications
and supplementary aids and services.
functions of behavior
What the client is accessing or escaping by engaging in the problem behavior
Access, attention, escape, automatic
time-out
A disciplinary technique in which a child is separated from other people for a specified time.
Should only be used if the function of the problem behavior is attention (peer, adult).
Challenging behaviors
Destructive and/or disruptive such as: hitting, screaming, biting, and swearing.
positive programming
longitudinal, instructional program designed to give the learner greater skills and competencies for
the purpose of controlling or eliminating problem behavior in order to facilitate and enhance social
integration. In this sense it is based on a functional analysis of the preventing problem and involves
the systematic manipulation of stimulus conditions, consequences, instructional stimuli and other
variables in an effort to establish the new, more adaptive behavioral repertoire.
positive behavior support plan
,Typical plans involve an objective for the intervention, prevention strategies, replacement behaviors,
reinforcers, attention to what should not be reinforced, and ways to monitor children's progress
delivering consequences
immediacy
operational definition
a statement of the procedures used to define research variables. The procedures included in
definitions should be repeatable by anyone or at least by peers.
onset and offset behavior
Behavior must have a defined beginning and end added to the definition. Doing so increases the
strength of your intervention by increasing the likelihood of accurate measurement
frequency/rate
Ratio of count per observation time
baseline data
information gathered by scientists to be used as a starting point to compare changes after the
implementation of the independent variable
topography
what a behavior looks like
generallization
intervention can only be deemed a success if change can be shown in different environments and
with multiple people
evidence based
description of medical techniques or practices that are supported by scientific evidence of their safety
and efficacy, rather than merely on supposition and tradition.
advocacy
Quality advocacy services are person-centered and developed using a co-production approach that
aims to maximize the participation of people who use services and their carers
person centered planning
a method of planning for people with disabilities that places the person and his family at the center of
the planning process
seeks to build a support network, increase independence and connect to the community
Circle of support
meeting of extended family, friends, service providers, etc. to ensure well-being of a child about to
age out of cps care
, essential lifestyle plans
ELP is a guided process for learning how someone wants to live and for developing a plan to help
make it happen. It's also:
A snapshot of how someone wants to live today, serving as a blueprint for how to support someone
tomorrow;
A way of organizing and communicating what is important to an individual;
A flexible process that can be used in combination with other person centered techniques;
A way of making sure that the person is heard, regardless of the severity of disability.
QASP will demonstrate
trustworthiness, honesty, fairness and sincerity
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
A disorder characterized by deficits in social relatedness and communication skills that are often
accompanied by repetitive, ritualistic behavior.
ASD deficits
Social interaction, communication, repetitive/restricitive beahviors
Triad of Impairments
Deficits in reciprocal social interaction
Deficits in communication
Restricted, repetitive behaviors, interests or activities.
joint attention
Joint Attention and Social Referencing. Joint attention occurs when two people share interest in an
object or event and there is understanding between the two people that they are both interested in
the same object or event.Less likely to use gestures or eye contact as a means of sharing interest and
directing interactional partners' attention to object of interest
•Instrumental use less likely to be impaired
Autism (word) History
The word "autism" comes from the Greek word "autos," which means "self." It describes conditions in
which a person is removed from social interaction. In other words, he becomes an "isolated self."
IDEA- First recognized ASD
1990
Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
when the Individualized Education Program (IEP) is written, a determination is made regarding the
amount of time each student with disabilities will spend with nondisabled peers both in classroom
and all other school activities.
Antecedent
An environmental condition or stimulus change existing or occurring prior to a behavior of interest.
Consequence
Passed
pivotal behavior
A behavior that, when learned, produces corresponding modifications or covariation in other
untrained behaviors.
Pivotal Response Training (PRT)
Targets increasing social-communicative repertoires and the child's responsiveness to the
environment.
Focuses not only on language, but also on motivation, self-regulation, responding to multiple cues,
and self-initiation of social interactions
functional communication training
An antecedent intervention in which an appropriate communicative behavior is taught as a
replacement behavior for problem behavior usually evoked by an establishing operation (EO).
TEACCH
A well research program used with individuals with ASD. The program emphasizes language
development and uses a variety of visual cues to facilitate language development.
Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP)
Special education term used to describe the written plan used to address problem behavior that
includes positive behavioral interventions, strategies and support. May include program modifications
and supplementary aids and services.
functions of behavior
What the client is accessing or escaping by engaging in the problem behavior
Access, attention, escape, automatic
time-out
A disciplinary technique in which a child is separated from other people for a specified time.
Should only be used if the function of the problem behavior is attention (peer, adult).
Challenging behaviors
Destructive and/or disruptive such as: hitting, screaming, biting, and swearing.
positive programming
longitudinal, instructional program designed to give the learner greater skills and competencies for
the purpose of controlling or eliminating problem behavior in order to facilitate and enhance social
integration. In this sense it is based on a functional analysis of the preventing problem and involves
the systematic manipulation of stimulus conditions, consequences, instructional stimuli and other
variables in an effort to establish the new, more adaptive behavioral repertoire.
positive behavior support plan
,Typical plans involve an objective for the intervention, prevention strategies, replacement behaviors,
reinforcers, attention to what should not be reinforced, and ways to monitor children's progress
delivering consequences
immediacy
operational definition
a statement of the procedures used to define research variables. The procedures included in
definitions should be repeatable by anyone or at least by peers.
onset and offset behavior
Behavior must have a defined beginning and end added to the definition. Doing so increases the
strength of your intervention by increasing the likelihood of accurate measurement
frequency/rate
Ratio of count per observation time
baseline data
information gathered by scientists to be used as a starting point to compare changes after the
implementation of the independent variable
topography
what a behavior looks like
generallization
intervention can only be deemed a success if change can be shown in different environments and
with multiple people
evidence based
description of medical techniques or practices that are supported by scientific evidence of their safety
and efficacy, rather than merely on supposition and tradition.
advocacy
Quality advocacy services are person-centered and developed using a co-production approach that
aims to maximize the participation of people who use services and their carers
person centered planning
a method of planning for people with disabilities that places the person and his family at the center of
the planning process
seeks to build a support network, increase independence and connect to the community
Circle of support
meeting of extended family, friends, service providers, etc. to ensure well-being of a child about to
age out of cps care
, essential lifestyle plans
ELP is a guided process for learning how someone wants to live and for developing a plan to help
make it happen. It's also:
A snapshot of how someone wants to live today, serving as a blueprint for how to support someone
tomorrow;
A way of organizing and communicating what is important to an individual;
A flexible process that can be used in combination with other person centered techniques;
A way of making sure that the person is heard, regardless of the severity of disability.
QASP will demonstrate
trustworthiness, honesty, fairness and sincerity
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
A disorder characterized by deficits in social relatedness and communication skills that are often
accompanied by repetitive, ritualistic behavior.
ASD deficits
Social interaction, communication, repetitive/restricitive beahviors
Triad of Impairments
Deficits in reciprocal social interaction
Deficits in communication
Restricted, repetitive behaviors, interests or activities.
joint attention
Joint Attention and Social Referencing. Joint attention occurs when two people share interest in an
object or event and there is understanding between the two people that they are both interested in
the same object or event.Less likely to use gestures or eye contact as a means of sharing interest and
directing interactional partners' attention to object of interest
•Instrumental use less likely to be impaired
Autism (word) History
The word "autism" comes from the Greek word "autos," which means "self." It describes conditions in
which a person is removed from social interaction. In other words, he becomes an "isolated self."
IDEA- First recognized ASD
1990
Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
when the Individualized Education Program (IEP) is written, a determination is made regarding the
amount of time each student with disabilities will spend with nondisabled peers both in classroom
and all other school activities.
Antecedent
An environmental condition or stimulus change existing or occurring prior to a behavior of interest.
Consequence
