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macular degeneration - ✔✔Damage to the macula caues of loss of central vision
Etiology of Macular Degeneration - ✔✔Occurs with again and is the most
common cause of visual loss in older adults
Pathophysiology of macular degeneration - ✔✔Two types are dry and wet
signs and symptoms of macular degeneration - ✔✔Blurred vision
Presence of scotomas
Distortion of vision gradually occurs
Treatment of macular degeneration - ✔✔Intraocular injections of vascular
endothelial growth factor inhibitors for wet AMD and STOP SMOKING
, cataracts - ✔✔clouding of the lens
Cataracts etiology - ✔✔Opacity of the lens
signs and symptoms of cataracts - ✔✔Blurring of vision because of lens
Cataracts treatment - ✔✔Extracapsular extraction
Surgy
Glaucoma - ✔✔increased intraocular pressure results in peripheral vision loss due
to glaucoma
Etiology of glaucoma - ✔✔An optic neuropathy that damages the optic disc,
causing atrophy and loss of vision
Pathophysiology of glaucoma - ✔✔Narrow angle or angle closure acute glaucoma
Open angle (chronic ) glaucoma
Associated glaucoma
signs and symptoms of open angle - ✔✔Usually bilateral and can progress to
complete blindness without ever producing an acute attack
Open angle diagnosis - ✔✔Tonometer