HESI PN PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 2024/2025 UPDATED
A client who is a laboratory technician and has a history of allergic rhinitis,
asthma, and multiple food allergies is scheduled for surgery. Which action should
the nurse implement?
>>doc't possible type I latex allergy
Risk factors for latex allergy include long-term multiple exposures, such as healthcare
personnel, multiple surgeries, and a client history of allergies, such as hay fever,
asthma, and foods. Documentation of the client's risk for a Type I latex allergy (A)
should be noted in the client's medical record. )
A male client with degenerative arthritis of the knees and hips takes an OTC
NSAID for pain. During a routine clinic visit, the client tells the nurse, "For the
past month I've been having a lot of trouble sleeping. I can't seem to fall asleep,
and when I finally do get sleep, I find that I wake up a number of times during the
night." Which info should the nurse obtain first?
How intense does the client rate his pain on a scale of 1-10?
A client with degenerative arthritis may have sleep disturbances related to chronic pain,
so the client's pain intensity should be determined.
In reviewing the medical record, the nurse notes that a client's last eye
examination revealed an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 28 mmHg. What
information should the nurse ask the client?
>>Use of prescribed eye drops since last exam by ophthalmologist
Normal intraocular pressures range between 10 and 21 mmHg, so the client's use of
any prescribed eye drops should be determined to evaluate the client's intraocular
pressure)
Which action should the nurse implement to assess for jugular vein distention
(JVD) in a client with heart failure (HF)?
Observe the vertical distention of the veins as the client is gradually elevated to an
upright position.
The nurse reviews a client's laboratory results and identifies an elevated serum
ammonia level. Which pathophysiological process contributes to this finding?
>>Failure of the liver to convert ammonia absorbed from the bowel to urea.
As a result of hepatocellular damage, the pathogenesis of hyperammonemia occurs
when the liver fails to convert ammonia absorbed from the bowel to form urea (C) for
eventual excretion by the kidneys.
A client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is unconscious and
unresponsive to stimuli. The nurse places the client in a side-lying position. The
nurse should monitor the client for the risk of which complication?
>>Aspiration Pneumonia
A client returns to the unit after abdominal Nissen fundoplication for treatment of
gastroesophageal reflux disease. After 4 hours, the nurse determines the client
, has no drainage from the nasogastric tube (NGT) and has absent bowel sounds.
What action should the nurse implement?
>>Irrigate the NGT with NS
(After abdominal surgery, patency of the NGT should be maintained to avoid the need
to reinsert the tube, which could possibility perforate the surgical repair site, so irrigation
of the NGT (D) should be implemented to promote gastric drainage and decompression)
A male client who is admitted with a bleeding peptic ulcer develops sudden,
severe upper abdominal pain. The client becomes diaphoretic and draws his
knees over his abdomen. Which finding should the nurse report to the healthcare
provider?
A rigid, boardlike abdomen
(Peritonitis caused by leakage of gastric secretions and blood into abdominal cavity)
A client returns to the postoperative unit after a gastroduodenostomy (Billroth I)
for treatment of a perforated ulcer. The healthcare provider's prescriptions
include morphine with a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), nasogastric tube
(NGT) to low intermittent nasogastric suction, and IV fluids and antibiotics. The
client complains of increasing abdominal pain 12 hours after returning to the
surgical unit. The nurse determines the client has no bowel sounds, and 200 ml of
bright red nasogastric drainage is in the suction canister in the past hour. What is
the priority action the nurse should implement?
>>Notify HCP
Although nasogastric aspirate can be bright red initially, the color should gradually
darken over the first 24 hours. A sudden increase in the volume of bright red gastric
drainage indicates bleeding, and the healthcare provider should be notified immediately
A client returns from surgery after undergoing an abdominal-perineal resection
with a sigmoid colostomy. The colostomy is dressed with petroleum jelly gauze
and dry gauze dressings. The perineal incision is partially closed with two drains
attached to Jackson-Pratt suction bulbs. During the early postoperative period,
the nurse should give the highest priority to which nursing action?
Maintain dry perineal dressings
During the immediate postoperative period, the perineal dressing should be assessed,
reinforced, and changed frequently because profuse drainage during the first hours after
surgery)
What information in a client's history indicates the highest risk factor for Hepatitis
C?
IV drug abuse
A client with advanced cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy is manifesting
mounting ascites and 4+ pitting edema of the feet and legs. The nurse identifies
fluid leaking from his skin when he is turned. Which intervention is most
important for the nurse to include in the client's plan of care?
Apply a pressure-relieving mattress under the client.
A female client arrives at the clinic because her boyfriend received the results of
a Gram stain smear that revealed the presence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The
client tells the nurse that she has not had any symptoms and almost did not
come to the clinic. What information should the nurse provide the client?
AND ANSWERS 2024/2025 UPDATED
A client who is a laboratory technician and has a history of allergic rhinitis,
asthma, and multiple food allergies is scheduled for surgery. Which action should
the nurse implement?
>>doc't possible type I latex allergy
Risk factors for latex allergy include long-term multiple exposures, such as healthcare
personnel, multiple surgeries, and a client history of allergies, such as hay fever,
asthma, and foods. Documentation of the client's risk for a Type I latex allergy (A)
should be noted in the client's medical record. )
A male client with degenerative arthritis of the knees and hips takes an OTC
NSAID for pain. During a routine clinic visit, the client tells the nurse, "For the
past month I've been having a lot of trouble sleeping. I can't seem to fall asleep,
and when I finally do get sleep, I find that I wake up a number of times during the
night." Which info should the nurse obtain first?
How intense does the client rate his pain on a scale of 1-10?
A client with degenerative arthritis may have sleep disturbances related to chronic pain,
so the client's pain intensity should be determined.
In reviewing the medical record, the nurse notes that a client's last eye
examination revealed an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 28 mmHg. What
information should the nurse ask the client?
>>Use of prescribed eye drops since last exam by ophthalmologist
Normal intraocular pressures range between 10 and 21 mmHg, so the client's use of
any prescribed eye drops should be determined to evaluate the client's intraocular
pressure)
Which action should the nurse implement to assess for jugular vein distention
(JVD) in a client with heart failure (HF)?
Observe the vertical distention of the veins as the client is gradually elevated to an
upright position.
The nurse reviews a client's laboratory results and identifies an elevated serum
ammonia level. Which pathophysiological process contributes to this finding?
>>Failure of the liver to convert ammonia absorbed from the bowel to urea.
As a result of hepatocellular damage, the pathogenesis of hyperammonemia occurs
when the liver fails to convert ammonia absorbed from the bowel to form urea (C) for
eventual excretion by the kidneys.
A client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is unconscious and
unresponsive to stimuli. The nurse places the client in a side-lying position. The
nurse should monitor the client for the risk of which complication?
>>Aspiration Pneumonia
A client returns to the unit after abdominal Nissen fundoplication for treatment of
gastroesophageal reflux disease. After 4 hours, the nurse determines the client
, has no drainage from the nasogastric tube (NGT) and has absent bowel sounds.
What action should the nurse implement?
>>Irrigate the NGT with NS
(After abdominal surgery, patency of the NGT should be maintained to avoid the need
to reinsert the tube, which could possibility perforate the surgical repair site, so irrigation
of the NGT (D) should be implemented to promote gastric drainage and decompression)
A male client who is admitted with a bleeding peptic ulcer develops sudden,
severe upper abdominal pain. The client becomes diaphoretic and draws his
knees over his abdomen. Which finding should the nurse report to the healthcare
provider?
A rigid, boardlike abdomen
(Peritonitis caused by leakage of gastric secretions and blood into abdominal cavity)
A client returns to the postoperative unit after a gastroduodenostomy (Billroth I)
for treatment of a perforated ulcer. The healthcare provider's prescriptions
include morphine with a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), nasogastric tube
(NGT) to low intermittent nasogastric suction, and IV fluids and antibiotics. The
client complains of increasing abdominal pain 12 hours after returning to the
surgical unit. The nurse determines the client has no bowel sounds, and 200 ml of
bright red nasogastric drainage is in the suction canister in the past hour. What is
the priority action the nurse should implement?
>>Notify HCP
Although nasogastric aspirate can be bright red initially, the color should gradually
darken over the first 24 hours. A sudden increase in the volume of bright red gastric
drainage indicates bleeding, and the healthcare provider should be notified immediately
A client returns from surgery after undergoing an abdominal-perineal resection
with a sigmoid colostomy. The colostomy is dressed with petroleum jelly gauze
and dry gauze dressings. The perineal incision is partially closed with two drains
attached to Jackson-Pratt suction bulbs. During the early postoperative period,
the nurse should give the highest priority to which nursing action?
Maintain dry perineal dressings
During the immediate postoperative period, the perineal dressing should be assessed,
reinforced, and changed frequently because profuse drainage during the first hours after
surgery)
What information in a client's history indicates the highest risk factor for Hepatitis
C?
IV drug abuse
A client with advanced cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy is manifesting
mounting ascites and 4+ pitting edema of the feet and legs. The nurse identifies
fluid leaking from his skin when he is turned. Which intervention is most
important for the nurse to include in the client's plan of care?
Apply a pressure-relieving mattress under the client.
A female client arrives at the clinic because her boyfriend received the results of
a Gram stain smear that revealed the presence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The
client tells the nurse that she has not had any symptoms and almost did not
come to the clinic. What information should the nurse provide the client?
