Leerdoelen Short Stories
Lesson 1: Literary elements & genres
1. By the end of the lesson, students will be able to identify and define
key literary terms.
This are the literary elements that belong to ‘stories’
1. Point of view: The perspective from which a story is told.
a. First person
b. Second person
c. third person limited/omniscient
2. Characters: Person, animals, things or natural forces presented as a person appearing in a
story.
3. Conflict: The struggle of tension between opposing a story, which drives the plot forward and
creates a dramatic tension.
4. Plot: A sequence of events that make up a story.
5. Tone: The author's attitude or emotional expression towards the subject manner or audience
6. Theme: The central idea or message of a literary work.
7. Setting: The time and place in which a story takes place.
8. Inciting incident: An action that starts the story.
9. Exposition: The kind of writing that is intended primarily to present information.
10. Rising action: Those events in a story that lead to a turning point in the action.
11. Climax: The point of greatest emotional intensity, interest, or suspense in a narrative.
12. Falling action: The consequences of the climax
13. Denouement/ resolution: The outcome of the conflict in a play or story.
2. By the end of the lesson, students will be able to identify common
literary genres.
A genre is category where stories are put in, based on literally technique, tone, content or length.
There are no rules for when a book belongs to a genre, it changes time to time.
Fiction A story that is Nonfiction A story that is based
invented or imagined on real events and
personal experiences
Crime Biography
Fantasy Cooking
Horror Religion
Thriller History
, Romance Crime
Science Fiction Informational
Comedie Newspaper
Adventure Self help books
Lesson 2: Plot
3. By the end of the lesson, students will be able to identify and
analyze the elements of plot (exposition, rising action, climax, falling
action, resolution) in a short story.
If you want to identify the elements of the plot you need to read the text carefully. Most of the time
the elements of the plot are in a chronological order.
Lesson 3: The setting
4. By the end of the lesson, students will be able to analyze how
setting contributes to mood, atmosphere, and character development
in a short story.
The setting is the time and place in which a story takes place, including physical, cultural and
historical context. The setting can have an impact on how the person feels.
The setting has 5 topics:
1) Location
2) Time Period
3) Atmosphere/mood
4) Weather/seasons
5) Context
Lesson 4: Characterization
5. By the end of the lesson, students will be able to differentiate
between direct and indirect characterization and analyze how
characters are portrayed in a short story.
Characterization is the process by which the writer reveals the personality of a character through
their actions, thoughts, dialogue and interactions with others. There are two types of characterization.
Lesson 1: Literary elements & genres
1. By the end of the lesson, students will be able to identify and define
key literary terms.
This are the literary elements that belong to ‘stories’
1. Point of view: The perspective from which a story is told.
a. First person
b. Second person
c. third person limited/omniscient
2. Characters: Person, animals, things or natural forces presented as a person appearing in a
story.
3. Conflict: The struggle of tension between opposing a story, which drives the plot forward and
creates a dramatic tension.
4. Plot: A sequence of events that make up a story.
5. Tone: The author's attitude or emotional expression towards the subject manner or audience
6. Theme: The central idea or message of a literary work.
7. Setting: The time and place in which a story takes place.
8. Inciting incident: An action that starts the story.
9. Exposition: The kind of writing that is intended primarily to present information.
10. Rising action: Those events in a story that lead to a turning point in the action.
11. Climax: The point of greatest emotional intensity, interest, or suspense in a narrative.
12. Falling action: The consequences of the climax
13. Denouement/ resolution: The outcome of the conflict in a play or story.
2. By the end of the lesson, students will be able to identify common
literary genres.
A genre is category where stories are put in, based on literally technique, tone, content or length.
There are no rules for when a book belongs to a genre, it changes time to time.
Fiction A story that is Nonfiction A story that is based
invented or imagined on real events and
personal experiences
Crime Biography
Fantasy Cooking
Horror Religion
Thriller History
, Romance Crime
Science Fiction Informational
Comedie Newspaper
Adventure Self help books
Lesson 2: Plot
3. By the end of the lesson, students will be able to identify and
analyze the elements of plot (exposition, rising action, climax, falling
action, resolution) in a short story.
If you want to identify the elements of the plot you need to read the text carefully. Most of the time
the elements of the plot are in a chronological order.
Lesson 3: The setting
4. By the end of the lesson, students will be able to analyze how
setting contributes to mood, atmosphere, and character development
in a short story.
The setting is the time and place in which a story takes place, including physical, cultural and
historical context. The setting can have an impact on how the person feels.
The setting has 5 topics:
1) Location
2) Time Period
3) Atmosphere/mood
4) Weather/seasons
5) Context
Lesson 4: Characterization
5. By the end of the lesson, students will be able to differentiate
between direct and indirect characterization and analyze how
characters are portrayed in a short story.
Characterization is the process by which the writer reveals the personality of a character through
their actions, thoughts, dialogue and interactions with others. There are two types of characterization.
