HOSA PATHOPHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE

HOSA PATHOPHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE Amniocentesis taking a fluid sample between the 15th and the 16th week of pregnancy to diagnose congenital anomalies Bicornate uterus a uterus having two horns or horn-shaped branches Neonate newborn baby Dysplasia marked by abnormal adult cells Muscular dystrophy progressive degeneration and weakening of the skeletal muscles Dystrophy condition produced by faulty nutrition Contractures immobility of muscles or a joint caused by shortening or wasting of tissue or muscle fibers Electromyography an electrodiagnostic assessment of the activity of the skeletal muscles Meninges Covering around the brain and the spinal cord Anecephalic No cranial vault and little cerebral tissue Foramen Ovale opening in the septum between the right and left atria of the fetal heart Acyanotic absence of a bluish appearance of the skin and mucous membranes Adenosarcoma a cancerous gland like tumor such as wilms' tumor Ataxic uncoordinated gait associated with pathology of the central nervous system Azoospermia an absence of spermatozoa in the seaman Dysplasia marked by abnormal adult cells Electromyography an electrodiagnosis assessment of the activity of skeletal muscles Meconium the first stool of a newborn, greenish black with a tarry consistency Pylorus the narrow part of the stomach toward the duodenum Stenosis narrowing of an opening Tachypnea rapid and shallow breathing Trisomy one or more than the normal number of chromosomes Anticholinesterase any enzyme that counteracts in the presence of choline esters Autoimmune an immune response resulting in the presence of self-antigens or auto-antigens of certain body cells Candidiasis (moniliasis) white, cheesy, curdlike patch on buccal mucosa due to superficial fungal infection Collagen A protein fiber with a unique triple-helix that gives it great strength. Tissues with a lot of collagen fibers are typically very strong, e.g. bone, tendons, ligaments, etc. Hematopoietic pertaining to the production and the development of blood cells or a substance that stimulates their production Hypogammaglobulinemia a below normal concentration of gamma globulin in the blood associated with a decreased resistance to infection Immunocompetent Immunodeficiency Immunodeficiency the diminished ability of the immune system to react with appropriate cellular immunity response Immunoelectrophoresis technique used to separate and allow identification of complex proteins Immunogen an antigen Immunoglobulin protein that can act as an antibody Immunosuppressive having the property of suppressing the bodys immune response to antigens Keratoconjunctivitis dryness of the conjunctiva resulting from a decrease in lacrimal function Lymph a mostly clear, colorless, transparent, alkaline fluid found within the lymphatic vessels; formed in tissues throughout the body Lymphadenopathy disease of the lymphnodes Lymphocyte one of two types of (B Cells & T Cells) of leukocytes found in blood, lymph, and lymphoid tissue Macrophage a monocyte bloodcell Phagocytes cells that digest particles Phagocytosis the process by which cells surround and digest certain particles Acidosis pathologic disease resulting from an abnormal level of hydrogen ions (decrease in pH) Corticotropin hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland Epiphyseal the long end of a bone where bone growth occurs Gonadotropin hormone that stimulates the testes and the ovaries to function Hyperglycemia an increase in the normal blood glucose level Hyperkalemia a greater than normal amount of calcium in the blood Hypocalcemia low calcium levels in the blood Hypothalamus portion of the diencephalon of the brain Panhypopituitarism condition in which the entire pituitary gland ceases to function and is not producing any pituitary hormones Polydipsia excessive thirst Polyphagia excessive eating (me) Polyuria excreation of abnormally large amounts of urine Pruritus itching Radioimmunoassay radiology used to detect the concentration of the antigen or the antibody or any other protein in the serum Somatotropin growth hormone (GH) secreted by the anterior pituitary Thyrotoxicosis a toxic condition caused by hyperactivity of the thyroid gland Thyrotropin