HESI Pediatrics (PEDS) Version 2 (V2)
Questions with 100% Correct Answers
"A mother tells the nurse that her child does not want anything to do with toilet training and yells
"NO!" consistently when she tries to toilet train. The child is 2 years old. According to Erikson, the
nurse interprets that the child is experiencing which psychosocial crisis?"
a. autonomy vs shame and doubt
b. initiative vs guilt
c. industry vs inferiority
d. trust vs mistrust
Autonomy vs shame and doubt
A 2-year-old child is admitted to the hospital with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). During the
focused assessment, the nurse makes it a priority to note the presence of which of the following?"
a. increased irritability and the child's insistence to be carried out
b. complaints of joint stiffness
c. history of daily temperature elevations
d. description of how difficult it is to move around after periods of inactivity
increased irritability and the child's insistence to be carried out
A mother of a toddler who is hospitalized with mild dehydration must leave her child to go to work.
Which behavior would the nurse expect to observe in the toddler immediately after the mother's
departure?
a. silently curled in bed with a blanket
b. loudly crying and kicking both legs
c. playing quietly with a favorite toy
d. sucking thumb and rocking back and forth
loudly crying and kicking both legs
"A newborn infant is diagnosed with hypospadias, and the mother asks the nurse about the disorder.
The nurse bases the response on which of the following?"
a. it is a congenital anomaly in which the actual opening of the urethra meatus is below the normal
placement on the glans penis
b. it occurs when one or both testes fail to descend through the inguinal canal into the scrotal sac
c. it is a congenital anomaly in which the actual opening of the urethral meatus is dorsal to the
urethral opening
d. it is a congential anomaly characterized by the extrusion of the urinary bladder to the outside of
the body
it is a congenital anomaly in which the actual opening of the urethra meatus is below the normal
placement on the glans penis
A home care nurse is providing instructions to a child with cystic fibrosis about how to perform the
"huff" maneuver; the child asks the nurse about the purpose of this type of breathing. The nurse
makes which response to the child?
a. "this type of breathing is used to mobilize secretions so that they can be easily coughed out"
b. "this type of breathing prolongs inspiration time"
c. "this type of breathing moves air out of the lower lungs"
d. "this type of breathing moves air through the lungs"
"this type of breathing is used to mobilize secretions so that they can be easily coughed out"
A home care nurse is instructing the mother of a child with cystic fibrosis (CF) about the appropriate
dietary measures. The nurse tells the mother that the child needs to consume a:
,a. low calorie, low fat diet
b. high calorie, high protein diet
c. low calorie, low protein diet
d. high calorie, restricted fat
high calorie, high protein diet
Breathing exercises and postural drainage is prescribed for a child with cystic fibrosis. A nurse
implements these procedures by telling the child to:
a. perform the postural drainage, then the breathing exercises
b. perform the breathing exercises, then the postural drainage
c. schedule the procedures so they are 4 hours apart
d. perform postural drainage in the morning and breathing exercises in the evening
perform the postural drainage, then the breathing exercises
A nurse is reviewing the results of a sweat test performed on a child with cystic fibrosis (CF). The
nurse would expect to note which finding?
a. a sweat sodium concentration less than 40 mEq/L
b. a sweat potassium concentration less than 40 mEq/L
c. a sweat potassium concentration greater than 40 mEq/L
d. a sweat sodium concentration greater than 60 mEq/L
a sweat sodium concentration greater than 60 mEq/L
Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is prescribed for a child with a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD). The nurse provides instructions to the mother regarding the administration of the
medication and tells the mother to administer the medication:
a. before dinner and at bedtime
b. before breakfast and before the noontime meal
c. in the morning after breakfast and at bedtime
d. at the noontime and evening meals
before breakfast and before the noontime meal
"Methylphenidate hydrochloride (Ritalin) is prescribed for a 10-year-old child diagnosed with
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and the nurse provides instructions to the mother about
administration of the medication. The nurse determines that the mother understands the instructions
when the mother states:"
a. I will give my child the medication at bedtime so that he will be rested and alert for school the next
day
b. I will give my child the medication after meals to obtain the full effects of the medication
c. I will give my child the medication at breakfast and lunch to prevent insomnia
d. I will give my child the medication with water to prevent kidney damage
I will give my child the medication at breakfast and lunch to prevent insomnia
Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is prescribed for a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
The nurse provides instructions to the mother regarding the administration of the medication. Which
statement by the mother would indicate a need for further instructions?
a. I will administer the medication with the noontime meal
b. I will keep the medication tightly capped and away from direct heat
c. I should inform the school nurse that my child is taking this medication
d. I should avoid giving the medications on Saturdays and Sundays to provide a medication holiday
I should avoid giving the medications on Saturdays and Sundays to provide a medication holiday
, A client with diplopia has been given an eye patch to promote better vision and prevent injury. The
nurse teaches the client to do which of the following as part of correct use of this item?
a. wear the patch continuously, alternating eyes each day
b. wear the patch continuously, alternating eyes each week
c. use the patch only when vision is exceptionally blurry
d. put the patch on for an hour, and then take it off for an hour
wear the patch continuously, alternating eyes each day
A student nurse examines an Asian American infant's eyes and notes that the infant's eyes are
crossed. The registered nurse asks the student to interpret the finding. Which statement by the
student indicates an understanding of this assessment finding?
a. it probably isn't strabismus but appears that way because of the child;s ethnic background
b. you will want to call the pediatrician immediately because this could lead to detached retina
c. it probably is strabismus because the baby's mother has abused tranquilizers
d. strabismus isn't life threatening but it requires surgery in the first 2 months to prevent the crossed
eyes from being a life long condition
it probably isn't strabismus but appears that way because of the child;s ethnic background
A nurse notes that a client's eyes are continuously moving back and forth within the eye sockets. The
nurse documents in the medical record that the client has:
a. ataxia
b. nystagmus
c. pronator drift
d. hyperreflexia
nystagmus
"A nurse is providing instructions to the mother of a child with a diagnosis of strabismus of the left
eye, and the nurse reviews the procedure for patching the child. The nurse determines that the
mother understands the procedure if the mother makes which statement?"
a. I will place the patch on the right eye
b. I will place the patch on both eyes
c. I will place the patch on the left eye
d. I will alternate the patch from the right to the left eye every hour
I will place the patch on the right eye
A nurse develops a plan of care for a one-month-old infant hospitalized for intussusception. Which
nursing measure would be most effective to provide psychosocial support for the parent-child
relationship?
a. encourage the parents to go home and get some sleep
b. encourage the parents to room-in with their infant
c. provide educational materials
d. initiate home nutritional support as early as possible
encourage the parents to room-in with their infant
"A 12-year-old child is seen in the health care clinic. During the assessment, which finding would
suggest to the nurse that the child is experiencing a disruption in the development of self-concept?"
a. the child has a part-time babysitting job
b. the child enjoys playing chess and mastering new skills with this game
c. the child has many friends
d. the child has an intimate relationship with a significant other
the child has an intimate relationship with a significant other
Questions with 100% Correct Answers
"A mother tells the nurse that her child does not want anything to do with toilet training and yells
"NO!" consistently when she tries to toilet train. The child is 2 years old. According to Erikson, the
nurse interprets that the child is experiencing which psychosocial crisis?"
a. autonomy vs shame and doubt
b. initiative vs guilt
c. industry vs inferiority
d. trust vs mistrust
Autonomy vs shame and doubt
A 2-year-old child is admitted to the hospital with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). During the
focused assessment, the nurse makes it a priority to note the presence of which of the following?"
a. increased irritability and the child's insistence to be carried out
b. complaints of joint stiffness
c. history of daily temperature elevations
d. description of how difficult it is to move around after periods of inactivity
increased irritability and the child's insistence to be carried out
A mother of a toddler who is hospitalized with mild dehydration must leave her child to go to work.
Which behavior would the nurse expect to observe in the toddler immediately after the mother's
departure?
a. silently curled in bed with a blanket
b. loudly crying and kicking both legs
c. playing quietly with a favorite toy
d. sucking thumb and rocking back and forth
loudly crying and kicking both legs
"A newborn infant is diagnosed with hypospadias, and the mother asks the nurse about the disorder.
The nurse bases the response on which of the following?"
a. it is a congenital anomaly in which the actual opening of the urethra meatus is below the normal
placement on the glans penis
b. it occurs when one or both testes fail to descend through the inguinal canal into the scrotal sac
c. it is a congenital anomaly in which the actual opening of the urethral meatus is dorsal to the
urethral opening
d. it is a congential anomaly characterized by the extrusion of the urinary bladder to the outside of
the body
it is a congenital anomaly in which the actual opening of the urethra meatus is below the normal
placement on the glans penis
A home care nurse is providing instructions to a child with cystic fibrosis about how to perform the
"huff" maneuver; the child asks the nurse about the purpose of this type of breathing. The nurse
makes which response to the child?
a. "this type of breathing is used to mobilize secretions so that they can be easily coughed out"
b. "this type of breathing prolongs inspiration time"
c. "this type of breathing moves air out of the lower lungs"
d. "this type of breathing moves air through the lungs"
"this type of breathing is used to mobilize secretions so that they can be easily coughed out"
A home care nurse is instructing the mother of a child with cystic fibrosis (CF) about the appropriate
dietary measures. The nurse tells the mother that the child needs to consume a:
,a. low calorie, low fat diet
b. high calorie, high protein diet
c. low calorie, low protein diet
d. high calorie, restricted fat
high calorie, high protein diet
Breathing exercises and postural drainage is prescribed for a child with cystic fibrosis. A nurse
implements these procedures by telling the child to:
a. perform the postural drainage, then the breathing exercises
b. perform the breathing exercises, then the postural drainage
c. schedule the procedures so they are 4 hours apart
d. perform postural drainage in the morning and breathing exercises in the evening
perform the postural drainage, then the breathing exercises
A nurse is reviewing the results of a sweat test performed on a child with cystic fibrosis (CF). The
nurse would expect to note which finding?
a. a sweat sodium concentration less than 40 mEq/L
b. a sweat potassium concentration less than 40 mEq/L
c. a sweat potassium concentration greater than 40 mEq/L
d. a sweat sodium concentration greater than 60 mEq/L
a sweat sodium concentration greater than 60 mEq/L
Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is prescribed for a child with a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD). The nurse provides instructions to the mother regarding the administration of the
medication and tells the mother to administer the medication:
a. before dinner and at bedtime
b. before breakfast and before the noontime meal
c. in the morning after breakfast and at bedtime
d. at the noontime and evening meals
before breakfast and before the noontime meal
"Methylphenidate hydrochloride (Ritalin) is prescribed for a 10-year-old child diagnosed with
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and the nurse provides instructions to the mother about
administration of the medication. The nurse determines that the mother understands the instructions
when the mother states:"
a. I will give my child the medication at bedtime so that he will be rested and alert for school the next
day
b. I will give my child the medication after meals to obtain the full effects of the medication
c. I will give my child the medication at breakfast and lunch to prevent insomnia
d. I will give my child the medication with water to prevent kidney damage
I will give my child the medication at breakfast and lunch to prevent insomnia
Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is prescribed for a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
The nurse provides instructions to the mother regarding the administration of the medication. Which
statement by the mother would indicate a need for further instructions?
a. I will administer the medication with the noontime meal
b. I will keep the medication tightly capped and away from direct heat
c. I should inform the school nurse that my child is taking this medication
d. I should avoid giving the medications on Saturdays and Sundays to provide a medication holiday
I should avoid giving the medications on Saturdays and Sundays to provide a medication holiday
, A client with diplopia has been given an eye patch to promote better vision and prevent injury. The
nurse teaches the client to do which of the following as part of correct use of this item?
a. wear the patch continuously, alternating eyes each day
b. wear the patch continuously, alternating eyes each week
c. use the patch only when vision is exceptionally blurry
d. put the patch on for an hour, and then take it off for an hour
wear the patch continuously, alternating eyes each day
A student nurse examines an Asian American infant's eyes and notes that the infant's eyes are
crossed. The registered nurse asks the student to interpret the finding. Which statement by the
student indicates an understanding of this assessment finding?
a. it probably isn't strabismus but appears that way because of the child;s ethnic background
b. you will want to call the pediatrician immediately because this could lead to detached retina
c. it probably is strabismus because the baby's mother has abused tranquilizers
d. strabismus isn't life threatening but it requires surgery in the first 2 months to prevent the crossed
eyes from being a life long condition
it probably isn't strabismus but appears that way because of the child;s ethnic background
A nurse notes that a client's eyes are continuously moving back and forth within the eye sockets. The
nurse documents in the medical record that the client has:
a. ataxia
b. nystagmus
c. pronator drift
d. hyperreflexia
nystagmus
"A nurse is providing instructions to the mother of a child with a diagnosis of strabismus of the left
eye, and the nurse reviews the procedure for patching the child. The nurse determines that the
mother understands the procedure if the mother makes which statement?"
a. I will place the patch on the right eye
b. I will place the patch on both eyes
c. I will place the patch on the left eye
d. I will alternate the patch from the right to the left eye every hour
I will place the patch on the right eye
A nurse develops a plan of care for a one-month-old infant hospitalized for intussusception. Which
nursing measure would be most effective to provide psychosocial support for the parent-child
relationship?
a. encourage the parents to go home and get some sleep
b. encourage the parents to room-in with their infant
c. provide educational materials
d. initiate home nutritional support as early as possible
encourage the parents to room-in with their infant
"A 12-year-old child is seen in the health care clinic. During the assessment, which finding would
suggest to the nurse that the child is experiencing a disruption in the development of self-concept?"
a. the child has a part-time babysitting job
b. the child enjoys playing chess and mastering new skills with this game
c. the child has many friends
d. the child has an intimate relationship with a significant other
the child has an intimate relationship with a significant other
