LSU Biol 1201 Exam 1 Questions And Answers
(Verified And Updated)
Hypothesis
a small statement that you can test
Theory
broader in scope than a hypothesis and can lead to a new testable hypothesis; supported by a large
body of evidence in comparison to a hypothesis
Deductive
Testing what you think is true; Design, Test, Conclusion
Inductive
making observations and solution from that observation; All observations have the same result.
Valence
Outer shell of electrons; the number of unpaired electrons in the valence shell of an atom is generally
equal to its valence (the # of covalent bonds it can form)
Atomic mass
the atom's total mass, which can be approximated by the mass number
Mass number
the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
Atomic number
the number of protons in an element
Isotopes
two atoms of an element that differ in the number of neutrons
Radioactive isotopes
decay spontaneously, giving off particles and energy
Hydrogen bonds
forms when a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to one electronegative atom is also attracted to
another electronegative atom
covalent bonds
Strongest bonds in organisms are _______ ________ that form a cell's molecules.
Weak chemical bonds
(ionic and hydrogen bonds) confer shape of large molecules and help molecules interact
, Chemical Equilibrium
reached when the forward and reverse reaction rates are equal
Van der Waals interactions
attractions between molecules that are close together as a result of these charges
Ionic bonds form between
Metals and non metals
Nonpolar covalent bond
atoms share the electron equally
Polar covalent bond
one atom is more electronegative, and the atoms don't share the electron equally
Electronegativity
an atom's attraction for the electrons in a covalent bond
Carbon skeletons
carbon chains that form the skeletons of most organic molecules
List the three types of isomers.
structural, cis-trans isomers, and enantiomers
Isomers
compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures and properties
Structural isomers
different covalent arrangements of their atoms
Cis-trans isomers
the same covalent bonds but differ in their spatial arrangements
Enantiomer isomers
mirror images of each other
Functional groups
the components of organic molecules that are most commonly involved in chemical rxns
List the 7 functional groups.
Hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, sulfhydryl, phosphate, and methyl
(Verified And Updated)
Hypothesis
a small statement that you can test
Theory
broader in scope than a hypothesis and can lead to a new testable hypothesis; supported by a large
body of evidence in comparison to a hypothesis
Deductive
Testing what you think is true; Design, Test, Conclusion
Inductive
making observations and solution from that observation; All observations have the same result.
Valence
Outer shell of electrons; the number of unpaired electrons in the valence shell of an atom is generally
equal to its valence (the # of covalent bonds it can form)
Atomic mass
the atom's total mass, which can be approximated by the mass number
Mass number
the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
Atomic number
the number of protons in an element
Isotopes
two atoms of an element that differ in the number of neutrons
Radioactive isotopes
decay spontaneously, giving off particles and energy
Hydrogen bonds
forms when a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to one electronegative atom is also attracted to
another electronegative atom
covalent bonds
Strongest bonds in organisms are _______ ________ that form a cell's molecules.
Weak chemical bonds
(ionic and hydrogen bonds) confer shape of large molecules and help molecules interact
, Chemical Equilibrium
reached when the forward and reverse reaction rates are equal
Van der Waals interactions
attractions between molecules that are close together as a result of these charges
Ionic bonds form between
Metals and non metals
Nonpolar covalent bond
atoms share the electron equally
Polar covalent bond
one atom is more electronegative, and the atoms don't share the electron equally
Electronegativity
an atom's attraction for the electrons in a covalent bond
Carbon skeletons
carbon chains that form the skeletons of most organic molecules
List the three types of isomers.
structural, cis-trans isomers, and enantiomers
Isomers
compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures and properties
Structural isomers
different covalent arrangements of their atoms
Cis-trans isomers
the same covalent bonds but differ in their spatial arrangements
Enantiomer isomers
mirror images of each other
Functional groups
the components of organic molecules that are most commonly involved in chemical rxns
List the 7 functional groups.
Hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, sulfhydryl, phosphate, and methyl
