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Constructivism
Students learn through direct experiences with their environment, students construct
their understanding and develop their thinking.
Behaviorism
Learning consists of the acquisition of new behaviors that are either reinforced to
increase frequency or not reinforced to extinguish the behavior.
Bottom-Up Approach
Students first learn the names and shapes of letters, followed by consonant sounds,
next simple vowels and then more complex vowel correspondences.
Reader-Response Theory
Reading is a transaction between the text and the reader, the reader affects the text and
is affected by it.
Top-Down Approach
A holistic approach to learning to read. Sub-skills are not taught. Instead students learn
to use their background knowledge to predict/infer the content of print.
During a reading activity, Mr Maui has his 6th graders focus on experiencing the
piece; paying attention to the feelings, attitudes, and ideas evoked by the words.
What is he implementing?
Aesthetic stance
What kind of approach to reading uses sets of children's books as a basis for
providing literacy instruction?
the literature-based approach
disadvantages of basal readers
-will not interest all students
-only offer small pieces of a novel
-structure can restrain the class to move through the material
Mrs. Neval has grouped her students and provided each group with reading
selections matched to their level of development. When working with each
individual group, she provides whatever guidance that particular group needs to
successfully read a selection. What is Mrs Neval implementing?
guided reading
-core literature
-text sets
-thematic units
Mrs. Tafita has organized this weeks writing instruction to include a mini-lesson
on vivid verbs for descriptive writing, followed by set times for students to write.