HESI NCLEX RN: PHARMACOLOGY QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
In developing a nursing care plan for a 9-month-old infant with cystic fibrosis,
because the nurse is concerned about adequate nutrition, which intervention
would best meet this child's needs?
A.
Give aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide after meals.
B.
Give pancrelipase capsule mixed with applesauce before each meal.
C.
Administer cholestyramine resin before each meal and at bedtime.
D.
Administer omeprazole for gastroesophageal reflux.
B.
Give pancrelipase capsule mixed with applesauce before each meal.
An older client is receiving a water-soluble drug that is more than the average
dose for a young adult. Which action should the nurse implement first?
A.
Obtain a prescription for lower medication dosages.
B.
Determine the drug's serum levels for toxicity.
C.
Start IV fluids to decrease the serum drug levels.
D.
Hold the next dosage and notify the health care provider.
B.
Determine the drug's serum levels for toxicity.
When providing client teaching about the administration of methylphenidate to a
parent of a child diagnosed with ADHD, which instruction should the nurse
include in the teaching plan?
A.
The doses should be given exactly 12 hours apart to sustain a therapeutic serum
level.
B.
Doses should be scheduled at midmorning and midafternoon to achieve optimal
benefit.
C.
Give the medication only on school days and when the child appears to be
, anxious.
D.
Offer the child the medication with breakfast and after the child eats lunch.
D.
Offer the child the medication with breakfast and after the child eats lunch.
The nurse is preparing a child for transport to the operating room for an
emergency appendectomy. The anesthesiologist prescribes atropine sulfate, IM
STAT. What is the primary purpose for administering this drug to the child at this
time?
A.
Decrease the oral secretions.
B.
Reduce the child's anxiety.
C.
Potentiate the opioid effects.
D.
Prevent possible peritonitis.
A.
Decrease the oral secretions.
A client who is experiencing an acute attack of gouty arthritis is prescribed
colchicine USP, 1 mg PO daily. Which information is most important for the nurse
to provide the client?
A.
Take the medication with meals.
B.
Limit fluid intake until the attack subsides.
C.
Stop the medication when the pain resolves.
D.
Report any vomiting to the clinic.
D.
Report any vomiting to the clinic.
Rationale:The client should be instructed to report signs of colchicine toxicity, such as
nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and/or abdominal pain, to the health care provider. Food
inhibits the absorption of colchicine when ingested concurrently. Limited fluid intake
decreases the excretion of the uric acid crystals, which contributes to painful attacks.
Typically, a client should remain on a daily dose of colchicine to decrease the number
and severity of acute attacks, so stopping the medication after the pain resolves is not
indicated.
A client is being discharged with a prescription for sulfasalazine to treat
ulcerative colitis. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client prior
to discharge?
A.
AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
In developing a nursing care plan for a 9-month-old infant with cystic fibrosis,
because the nurse is concerned about adequate nutrition, which intervention
would best meet this child's needs?
A.
Give aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide after meals.
B.
Give pancrelipase capsule mixed with applesauce before each meal.
C.
Administer cholestyramine resin before each meal and at bedtime.
D.
Administer omeprazole for gastroesophageal reflux.
B.
Give pancrelipase capsule mixed with applesauce before each meal.
An older client is receiving a water-soluble drug that is more than the average
dose for a young adult. Which action should the nurse implement first?
A.
Obtain a prescription for lower medication dosages.
B.
Determine the drug's serum levels for toxicity.
C.
Start IV fluids to decrease the serum drug levels.
D.
Hold the next dosage and notify the health care provider.
B.
Determine the drug's serum levels for toxicity.
When providing client teaching about the administration of methylphenidate to a
parent of a child diagnosed with ADHD, which instruction should the nurse
include in the teaching plan?
A.
The doses should be given exactly 12 hours apart to sustain a therapeutic serum
level.
B.
Doses should be scheduled at midmorning and midafternoon to achieve optimal
benefit.
C.
Give the medication only on school days and when the child appears to be
, anxious.
D.
Offer the child the medication with breakfast and after the child eats lunch.
D.
Offer the child the medication with breakfast and after the child eats lunch.
The nurse is preparing a child for transport to the operating room for an
emergency appendectomy. The anesthesiologist prescribes atropine sulfate, IM
STAT. What is the primary purpose for administering this drug to the child at this
time?
A.
Decrease the oral secretions.
B.
Reduce the child's anxiety.
C.
Potentiate the opioid effects.
D.
Prevent possible peritonitis.
A.
Decrease the oral secretions.
A client who is experiencing an acute attack of gouty arthritis is prescribed
colchicine USP, 1 mg PO daily. Which information is most important for the nurse
to provide the client?
A.
Take the medication with meals.
B.
Limit fluid intake until the attack subsides.
C.
Stop the medication when the pain resolves.
D.
Report any vomiting to the clinic.
D.
Report any vomiting to the clinic.
Rationale:The client should be instructed to report signs of colchicine toxicity, such as
nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and/or abdominal pain, to the health care provider. Food
inhibits the absorption of colchicine when ingested concurrently. Limited fluid intake
decreases the excretion of the uric acid crystals, which contributes to painful attacks.
Typically, a client should remain on a daily dose of colchicine to decrease the number
and severity of acute attacks, so stopping the medication after the pain resolves is not
indicated.
A client is being discharged with a prescription for sulfasalazine to treat
ulcerative colitis. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client prior
to discharge?
A.
