BIOCHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM WELL ILLUSTRATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

BIOCHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM WELL ILLUSTRATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. What ris ra rmonosaccharide? r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rThe rmost rbasic runits rof rcarbohydrates. rMade rof r1 raldehyde rand r1 rketone. rThey rare rthe rsimplest rform rof rsugar rand rare rusually rcolorless, rwater-soluble, rcrystalline rsolids. rSome rmonosaccharides rhave ra rsweet rtaste. rExamples rof rmonosaccharides rinclude rglucose r(dextrose), rfructose r(levulose) rand rgalactose Nature ruses rthe rD ror rL rform rof rcarbohydrates r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rD The rtwo rkinds rof rmonosaccharides rare r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rAldoses, rKetoses The rbonds rbetween rcarbohydrate rmonomers rare rcalled r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rGlycosidic Starches rare rpolymers rmade rexclusively rfrom r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rGlucose The rdifference rbetween ramylose rand ramylopectin rare r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rThe rstructure r(branched rvs rlinear) Dietary rfiber ris r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rComplex rCarbohydrates Cellulose Divided rinto rsoluble rand rinsoluble In rthe r2-compartment rmodel rfor rwater rin rthe rbody, rwater rpartitions rinto r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rIntracellular rand rextracellular In rthe r3 rcompartment rmodel rfor rwater rin rthe rbody, rthe__________ rcompartment ris rfurther rdivided rinto rinterstitial rand rplasma rcompartments r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rextracellular Fluid rin rthe rblood ris rclassified rspecifically ras r_________ rfluid r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rextracellular In ran rideally rbalanced rhuman rsystem rwater rinputs rwould requal r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rWater routputs An relectrolyte ris r a) rsugar b. rfat c. rcharged rmolecule d rwater r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rcharged rmolecule ______________ rions raccount rfor rnearly r90% rof rthe rpositively rcharged rions rfound rin rextracellular rfluid r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rSodium The rhormone raldosterone rregulates rthe rconcentrations rof r_______ rand r________ rin rthe rbody. r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rPotassium rions rand rsodium rions _______ ris rthe rmost rcommon rextracelluar rcation, rwhile r_________ ris rthe rmost rabundant rintracellular rcation. r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rSodium, rpotassium The rthree rmost rimportant rbuffer rsystems rin rbody rfluids rinclude rthe rbicarbonate rbuffer rsystem, rthe r____ rbuffer rsystem rand rthe rprotein rbuffer rsystem. r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rPhosphate How ris rit rpossible rfor rthe rrate rand rdepth rof rbreathing rto raffect rhydrogen rion rconcentrations rin rbody rfluids? r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rThe rrate rand rdepth rof rbreathing rdoes rnot ralter rhydrogen rion rconcentration rin rbody rfluids. What ris rthe rnormal rpH rof rthe rblood? r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: r7.35-7.45 What ris rthe rmost rsignificant rplasma rbuffer? r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rbicarbonate Which rof rthese ris rnot ra rconsequence rof rvomiting? r a. rdehydration b. rmetabolic racidosis c. rrespiratory ralkalosis d. rmetabolic ralkalosis r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rc. rrespiratory ralkalosis What ris rthe rmost rcommon rintracellular rbuffer? r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rphosphate Which rof rthe rfollowing ris rthe rproduct rof rtrans-deaminiatio rreactions a. rurea b. rNH3 c. rNH4 d. rCarbonic racid r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rc. rNH4 Which rof rthe rfollowing rterms ris rthe rtotal rof rall rthe rbreakdown rprocesses rin rthe rbody? r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rcatabolism Amino racids rthat rmust rbe rconsumed rin rthe rdiet rare rcalled r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: ressential ramino racids The ramino racid rpool ris r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rall rthe ramino racids rwithin rthe rtissue rand rbody rfluids Select rthe rbest rdefinition rof ran renzyme a. ran renzyme ris ran ramino racid rthat rspeeds rup rchemical rreactions. b. ran renzyme ris ra rprotein rthat ris rconsumed rin rthe rdiet rand raids rin rchemical rreactions. c. renzymes rare rproteins rthat rspeed rup rmetabolic rreactions rand rare rdestroyed rin rthe rprocess. d. renzymes rare rproteins rthat rspeed rup rmetabolic rreactions rand rare rnot rdestroyed rin rthe rprocess. r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rd. renzymes rare rproteins rthat rspeed rup rmetabolic rreactions rand rare rnot rdestroyed rin rthe rprocess. The rbond rthat rlinks rto ramino racids rtogether ris rcalled r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: ra rpeptide rbond There rare ra rtotal rof r__ ramino racids rand r_______ rare rconsidered ressential r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: r20;9 The rside rchain ron ran ramino racid rmay rinclude rwhich relement? r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rSulfur A rsmall rchain rof ramino racids ris rcalled ra r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rpeptide Each ramino racid rcontains r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: ran ramine rgroup rand ra rcarboxyl rgroup Proteins rare rnecessary rfor rwhich rof rthe rfollowing? r a. rMuscle rstructure b. rImmune rsystem rfunction c. rNeurotransmitter rproduction d. rAll rof rthe rabove r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rd. rAll rof rthe rabove Which rof rthese rfood rgroups ris rnot rconsidered ra rgood rsource rof rprotein? r a. rmeat b. rbeans. c. rmilk d. rfruit r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rd. rfruit What rdetermines rthe rthree-dimensional rshape rof ra rprotein rmolecule? r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rThe rorder rand rchemical rproperties rof rthe ramino racids The rnecessary rcoenzyme rfor rthe rtransamination rreaction ris r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rPyridoxal rPhosphate r(PLP) Which rof rthe rfollowing rstatements rabout rprotein rsynthesis ris rfalse? r a. rlimiting ramino racids rcan rhalt rprotein rsynthesis b. rnonessential ramino racids rcan rbe rmade rthrough rtransamination r c. ramino racids rneeded rfor rprotein rsynthesis rcome rfrom rthe ramino racid rpool d. rEssential ramino racids rcan rbe rmade rthrough rtransamination r- r r r rcorrect ranswer r: rd. rEssential ramino racids rcan rbe rmade rthrough rtransamination