CHANGES IN ECOSYSTEM NOTES
Adaptation to change Process results when organism’s characteristics change over
a long period of time
Natural selection No impact on individuals (imp pop)
Adaptive radiation (ancestral adaptation) Many species originating from one ancestral species
Eg. finches from galapagos (each diff diets)
Ecosystems change over time Occurs where no soil exists (eg bare rock)
● Wind/rain carry spores of organisms
Primary succession ● Lichens (nutrients by releasing chemical, breaks down
rocks)
● Decay = organic matter accumulate
● Spores begin to grow (hardy)
● Pioneer species = 1st org to survive/reproduce in area
Climax/mature communities Environment developed to point where no major evolution
changes
Certain species plant/animal present but forest constantly
changing
Secondary succession Disturbance to area that was previously ecosystem
Occurs faster than primary because there’s soil
Depends on recovery of exist plants, trees, species
Natural events Volume water exceeds ability of environment to contain it
Flooding Result: erosion
Humans: toxins, disease
Tsunamis Huge rapidly moving ocean waves
Result: plant destruction, salt on shore, affects ecosystems
Drought Below average rainfall patterns
Result: crop failures + livestock death
Insect infestations Dead trees provide food+shelter
Insects attack stressed trees carrying fungus from tree to tree
MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLE
Warming climate, forest fires, attacking you trees too,
Wetlands Soil waterlogged for all parts of year
Filter out waste
Reduce nitrate+retain carbon
Sustainability Use of resources without interfering with ecosystem’s needs
Ability for ecosystem to keep functioning
Effects of land/resource use Land use
Way we use land for urban dev, agriculture, forestry, industry
mining
Resource use
Way we obtain/use these materials
Habitat loss Destruction of habitats from humans
Habitat fragmentation Division of habitats due to human barriers
Affect plant pollination, seeds, mvmt wildlife, plant/an
Adaptation to change Process results when organism’s characteristics change over
a long period of time
Natural selection No impact on individuals (imp pop)
Adaptive radiation (ancestral adaptation) Many species originating from one ancestral species
Eg. finches from galapagos (each diff diets)
Ecosystems change over time Occurs where no soil exists (eg bare rock)
● Wind/rain carry spores of organisms
Primary succession ● Lichens (nutrients by releasing chemical, breaks down
rocks)
● Decay = organic matter accumulate
● Spores begin to grow (hardy)
● Pioneer species = 1st org to survive/reproduce in area
Climax/mature communities Environment developed to point where no major evolution
changes
Certain species plant/animal present but forest constantly
changing
Secondary succession Disturbance to area that was previously ecosystem
Occurs faster than primary because there’s soil
Depends on recovery of exist plants, trees, species
Natural events Volume water exceeds ability of environment to contain it
Flooding Result: erosion
Humans: toxins, disease
Tsunamis Huge rapidly moving ocean waves
Result: plant destruction, salt on shore, affects ecosystems
Drought Below average rainfall patterns
Result: crop failures + livestock death
Insect infestations Dead trees provide food+shelter
Insects attack stressed trees carrying fungus from tree to tree
MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLE
Warming climate, forest fires, attacking you trees too,
Wetlands Soil waterlogged for all parts of year
Filter out waste
Reduce nitrate+retain carbon
Sustainability Use of resources without interfering with ecosystem’s needs
Ability for ecosystem to keep functioning
Effects of land/resource use Land use
Way we use land for urban dev, agriculture, forestry, industry
mining
Resource use
Way we obtain/use these materials
Habitat loss Destruction of habitats from humans
Habitat fragmentation Division of habitats due to human barriers
Affect plant pollination, seeds, mvmt wildlife, plant/an
