A&P Final Review Questions and Answers
What is the study of the structure of the human body?
- Anatomy
- Physiology
- Anabolism
- Catabolism
- Metabolism - ANS-Anatomy
___ is an example of the organ level of organization in the human body.
- sodium
- the liver
- mitochondria
- the skeletal system
- epithelium - ANS-the liver
What is the synthesis of more complex substances?
- anatomy
- physiology
- anabolism
- catabolism
- metabolism - ANS-anabolism
List the four basic types of tissues. - ANS-Epithelium, muscle, connective, and nervous
tissue
List the three layers of the skin in order from superficial to deep. The most superficial
layer of the skin should be at the top of your list. To receive credit the layers must be in
this order. - ANS-1. epidermis
2. dermis
3. hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue layer)
Testosterone contributes to muscle strength and bone mass. Based upon your learning
of metabolism, would it be considered an anabolic or catabolic hormone? Explain why. -
ANS-Anabolic because it is building new tissues from smaller cells and using energy to
do so.
,Which anatomical orientation term is used to indicate "toward the upper part of a
structure"?
- superior
- inferior
- ventral
- dorsal
- medial - ANS-superior
What anatomical orientation term is used to indicate "away from the head end"? -
ANS-inferior/ caudal
What anatomical orientation term is used to indicate "further from the origin of the body
part"? - ANS-distal
You are looking at a diagram of a patient standing in anatomical position. On the sheet
of paper containing the diagram, which thumb points to the right side of the paper, right
or left? - ANS-Left
Is the spine part of the axial or appendicular region of the body? - ANS-Axial
A patient is standing with his hand covering his mouth. He returns his hand to his side,
moving into anatomical position. What anatomical action term is best used to indicate
the motion occurring at his elbow?
- flexion
- extension
- elevation
- depression
- abduction - ANS-extension
What anatomical orientation term is used to indicate "upward movement of a structure"?
- flexion
- extension
- elevation
- depression
- abduction - ANS-elevation
Describe the position of the diaphragm in relation to the thoracic cavity in anatomical
position terms. Use a full sentence for your description. - ANS-The diaphragm is inferior
to the thoracic cavity/ the thoracic cavity is superior to the diaphragm
,Which anatomical action is occurring at the elbow joint, in the direction of the arrow? -
ANS-(elbow) flexion
Look at the figure below. The right femur is moved in the direction of the arrow. What
anatomical action term best describes this movement? - ANS-Adduction
List two organs contained in the pelvic cavity. - ANS-bladder, reproductive organs,
rectum
True or False: The ventral body cavity contains the cranial cavity, the thoracic cavity,
and the abdominal cavity. If your answer is false, rephrase the statement to make it a
true statement. - ANS-False. The ventral cavity contains the thoracic cavity and the
abdominal cavity
The body is divided into anterior and posterior sections by what type of plane? -
ANS-Frontal (coronal)
A section that is diagonal between horizontal and vertical planes is called what? -
ANS-oblique
Look at the diagram below. What type of plane is shown? - ANS-Frontal/ coronal
Using the letters given, match the cell with the type of solution it has been placed
in: A cell beginning to shrink - ANS-hypertonic
Using the letters given, match the cell with the type of solution it has been placed
in: A red blood cell placed in distilled (purified) water - ANS-hypotonic
Using the letters given, match the cell with the type of solution it has been placed
in: A cell neither shrinking or swelling - ANS-isotonic
Using the letters given, match each molecule/item with its typical means of entering a
cell. You may need to use some means of entry more than once: Oxygen -
ANS-diffusion
Using the letters given, match each molecule/item with its typical means of entering a
cell. You may need to use some means of entry more than once. Bacteria -
ANS-endocytosis
Using the letters given, match each molecule/item with its typical means of entering a
, cell. You may need to use some means of entry more than once.
Polar molecules - ANS-facilitated diffusion
Which one of the following is not true of active transport?
- the sodium-potassium pump is an example
- additional energy is needed to drive this process
- active transport moves molecules with the concentration gradient - active transport
requires carrier proteins - ANS-active transport moves molecules with the
concentration gradient
List the three organelles, in order, involved in the synthesis, transport and shipping
of proteins - ANS-ribosomes, smooth ER, Golgi complex
Label the 5 organelles listed below: - ANS-1. Nucleus
2. Mitochondria
3. Nucleolus
4. Nuclear envelope
5. Mitochondria
6. Cytoplasm
7. Lysosome
8. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
True or False?
Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria. - ANS-True
True or False?
The purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ATP. - ANS-True
True or False?
Integral proteins are only found on the inner surface of a cell membrane. - ANS-False
(Peripheral proteins are found on the inner or outer surface of the cell membrane.
Integral proteins span the entire length of the membrane)
True or False?
Endocytosis is the process that occurs to eject biomacromolecules from the cell. -
ANS-False (this process is called exocytosis)
True or False?
Pinocytosis uses a signaling molecule from another cell, binding to the cell membrane
What is the study of the structure of the human body?
- Anatomy
- Physiology
- Anabolism
- Catabolism
- Metabolism - ANS-Anatomy
___ is an example of the organ level of organization in the human body.
- sodium
- the liver
- mitochondria
- the skeletal system
- epithelium - ANS-the liver
What is the synthesis of more complex substances?
- anatomy
- physiology
- anabolism
- catabolism
- metabolism - ANS-anabolism
List the four basic types of tissues. - ANS-Epithelium, muscle, connective, and nervous
tissue
List the three layers of the skin in order from superficial to deep. The most superficial
layer of the skin should be at the top of your list. To receive credit the layers must be in
this order. - ANS-1. epidermis
2. dermis
3. hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue layer)
Testosterone contributes to muscle strength and bone mass. Based upon your learning
of metabolism, would it be considered an anabolic or catabolic hormone? Explain why. -
ANS-Anabolic because it is building new tissues from smaller cells and using energy to
do so.
,Which anatomical orientation term is used to indicate "toward the upper part of a
structure"?
- superior
- inferior
- ventral
- dorsal
- medial - ANS-superior
What anatomical orientation term is used to indicate "away from the head end"? -
ANS-inferior/ caudal
What anatomical orientation term is used to indicate "further from the origin of the body
part"? - ANS-distal
You are looking at a diagram of a patient standing in anatomical position. On the sheet
of paper containing the diagram, which thumb points to the right side of the paper, right
or left? - ANS-Left
Is the spine part of the axial or appendicular region of the body? - ANS-Axial
A patient is standing with his hand covering his mouth. He returns his hand to his side,
moving into anatomical position. What anatomical action term is best used to indicate
the motion occurring at his elbow?
- flexion
- extension
- elevation
- depression
- abduction - ANS-extension
What anatomical orientation term is used to indicate "upward movement of a structure"?
- flexion
- extension
- elevation
- depression
- abduction - ANS-elevation
Describe the position of the diaphragm in relation to the thoracic cavity in anatomical
position terms. Use a full sentence for your description. - ANS-The diaphragm is inferior
to the thoracic cavity/ the thoracic cavity is superior to the diaphragm
,Which anatomical action is occurring at the elbow joint, in the direction of the arrow? -
ANS-(elbow) flexion
Look at the figure below. The right femur is moved in the direction of the arrow. What
anatomical action term best describes this movement? - ANS-Adduction
List two organs contained in the pelvic cavity. - ANS-bladder, reproductive organs,
rectum
True or False: The ventral body cavity contains the cranial cavity, the thoracic cavity,
and the abdominal cavity. If your answer is false, rephrase the statement to make it a
true statement. - ANS-False. The ventral cavity contains the thoracic cavity and the
abdominal cavity
The body is divided into anterior and posterior sections by what type of plane? -
ANS-Frontal (coronal)
A section that is diagonal between horizontal and vertical planes is called what? -
ANS-oblique
Look at the diagram below. What type of plane is shown? - ANS-Frontal/ coronal
Using the letters given, match the cell with the type of solution it has been placed
in: A cell beginning to shrink - ANS-hypertonic
Using the letters given, match the cell with the type of solution it has been placed
in: A red blood cell placed in distilled (purified) water - ANS-hypotonic
Using the letters given, match the cell with the type of solution it has been placed
in: A cell neither shrinking or swelling - ANS-isotonic
Using the letters given, match each molecule/item with its typical means of entering a
cell. You may need to use some means of entry more than once: Oxygen -
ANS-diffusion
Using the letters given, match each molecule/item with its typical means of entering a
cell. You may need to use some means of entry more than once. Bacteria -
ANS-endocytosis
Using the letters given, match each molecule/item with its typical means of entering a
, cell. You may need to use some means of entry more than once.
Polar molecules - ANS-facilitated diffusion
Which one of the following is not true of active transport?
- the sodium-potassium pump is an example
- additional energy is needed to drive this process
- active transport moves molecules with the concentration gradient - active transport
requires carrier proteins - ANS-active transport moves molecules with the
concentration gradient
List the three organelles, in order, involved in the synthesis, transport and shipping
of proteins - ANS-ribosomes, smooth ER, Golgi complex
Label the 5 organelles listed below: - ANS-1. Nucleus
2. Mitochondria
3. Nucleolus
4. Nuclear envelope
5. Mitochondria
6. Cytoplasm
7. Lysosome
8. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
True or False?
Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria. - ANS-True
True or False?
The purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ATP. - ANS-True
True or False?
Integral proteins are only found on the inner surface of a cell membrane. - ANS-False
(Peripheral proteins are found on the inner or outer surface of the cell membrane.
Integral proteins span the entire length of the membrane)
True or False?
Endocytosis is the process that occurs to eject biomacromolecules from the cell. -
ANS-False (this process is called exocytosis)
True or False?
Pinocytosis uses a signaling molecule from another cell, binding to the cell membrane
