Que 1. Write in brief about agronomical & mechanical Concepts of watershed management :-
measure for soil and water conservation in rainfed 1. Regeneration utilization of various resources, water,
agriculture. human, vegetation, animal etc.
Agronomical measure for soil and water conservation :- 2. Soil & water conservation.
1. Contour farming. 3. Water harvesting.
2. Strip cropping. 4. Crop management.
3. Crop rotation. 5. Alternate land use system.
4. Tillage practices. 6. To increase productivity of dryland through.
5. Mulching. Concepts Significant gains of watershed development :-
6. Cover crops. 1. Increase fertilizer consumption.
7. Inter cropping. 2. Increase crop production.
8. Planting grasses. 3. Increase in animal, milk, fish, production.
9. Planting trees. 4. Increase afforestation.
10. Mixed cropping. 5. Increase employment.
11. Afforestation. 6. Increase capita income.
Explain : Explain :- 2. Soil & water conservation :- i) S.C. is
1. Contour farming :- i) Cultivation base on contour lines. ii) preservation of soil from deterioration and capabilities by
they hill line are located at 25 to 33 mm. applying various soil. ii) W.C. is preservation control and
2. Strip cropping :- i) Contour s.c. ii) Field s.c. iii) Buffer s.c. iv) development of water resources prevention of pollution.
Wind s.c. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Tillage practices :- i) Mulching tillage minimum. Que 3. Define water harvesting. Describe in short
Mechanical measure for soil and water conservation :- techniques of water harvesting.
1. Contour bunding. Water Harvesting :- The process of runoff water collection
2. Graded bunding. during peak rainfall periods in storage tank, farm ponds.
3. Compartment bunding. Techniques of Water Harvesting :- T chart
4. Cement nala bunding. A] Areas 50 to 80 mm annual rainfall :
5. Dams. 1. Land alternation.
6. Farm ponds. 2. Chemical treatment.
7. Terraces. B] Arid Regions : (less than 500 mm annual rainfall)
8. Broad base terracing. 1. Runoff farming.
9. Bench terracing. 2. Water Spreading.
Explain :- 3. Micro Catchment.
1. Contour bunding :- i) Soil productivity is v. low. ii) C] Semiarid Region:(greater than 500-750 mm anual rainfall)
Cultivation on sloping & hilly land. 1. Farm Ponds.
2. Graded bunding :- i) Safe disposal of runoff water. 2. Tanks.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3. Percolation Tanks.
Que 2. Define watershed. Enlist different principles / 4. Inter Row Water Harvesting.
concepts of watershed management. 5. Broad Ded Furrows.
Watershed :- the catchment area or drainage basin are 6. Dug Wells.
synonymous to watershed. Explain :-
Principle of Watershed Management :- 1. Farm Ponds :- i) Surface runoff from small watershed is
1. Utilizing land according to capability. stored in farm ponds. ii) Life saving irrigation.
2. Protecting fertile top soil. 4. Inter Row Water Harvesting :- i) High annual rainfall. ii)
3. Reducing silting hazards in tanks. They are growing maize, rice etc. iii) Increase the
4. In – situ conservation of rain water. yield both crop.
5. Increasing cropping intensity. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. Adequate covering on land surface.
7. Erosion control.
8. Ground water recharge.
9. Efficient use of store water.
10. Enhancing input use efficiency.
measure for soil and water conservation in rainfed 1. Regeneration utilization of various resources, water,
agriculture. human, vegetation, animal etc.
Agronomical measure for soil and water conservation :- 2. Soil & water conservation.
1. Contour farming. 3. Water harvesting.
2. Strip cropping. 4. Crop management.
3. Crop rotation. 5. Alternate land use system.
4. Tillage practices. 6. To increase productivity of dryland through.
5. Mulching. Concepts Significant gains of watershed development :-
6. Cover crops. 1. Increase fertilizer consumption.
7. Inter cropping. 2. Increase crop production.
8. Planting grasses. 3. Increase in animal, milk, fish, production.
9. Planting trees. 4. Increase afforestation.
10. Mixed cropping. 5. Increase employment.
11. Afforestation. 6. Increase capita income.
Explain : Explain :- 2. Soil & water conservation :- i) S.C. is
1. Contour farming :- i) Cultivation base on contour lines. ii) preservation of soil from deterioration and capabilities by
they hill line are located at 25 to 33 mm. applying various soil. ii) W.C. is preservation control and
2. Strip cropping :- i) Contour s.c. ii) Field s.c. iii) Buffer s.c. iv) development of water resources prevention of pollution.
Wind s.c. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Tillage practices :- i) Mulching tillage minimum. Que 3. Define water harvesting. Describe in short
Mechanical measure for soil and water conservation :- techniques of water harvesting.
1. Contour bunding. Water Harvesting :- The process of runoff water collection
2. Graded bunding. during peak rainfall periods in storage tank, farm ponds.
3. Compartment bunding. Techniques of Water Harvesting :- T chart
4. Cement nala bunding. A] Areas 50 to 80 mm annual rainfall :
5. Dams. 1. Land alternation.
6. Farm ponds. 2. Chemical treatment.
7. Terraces. B] Arid Regions : (less than 500 mm annual rainfall)
8. Broad base terracing. 1. Runoff farming.
9. Bench terracing. 2. Water Spreading.
Explain :- 3. Micro Catchment.
1. Contour bunding :- i) Soil productivity is v. low. ii) C] Semiarid Region:(greater than 500-750 mm anual rainfall)
Cultivation on sloping & hilly land. 1. Farm Ponds.
2. Graded bunding :- i) Safe disposal of runoff water. 2. Tanks.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3. Percolation Tanks.
Que 2. Define watershed. Enlist different principles / 4. Inter Row Water Harvesting.
concepts of watershed management. 5. Broad Ded Furrows.
Watershed :- the catchment area or drainage basin are 6. Dug Wells.
synonymous to watershed. Explain :-
Principle of Watershed Management :- 1. Farm Ponds :- i) Surface runoff from small watershed is
1. Utilizing land according to capability. stored in farm ponds. ii) Life saving irrigation.
2. Protecting fertile top soil. 4. Inter Row Water Harvesting :- i) High annual rainfall. ii)
3. Reducing silting hazards in tanks. They are growing maize, rice etc. iii) Increase the
4. In – situ conservation of rain water. yield both crop.
5. Increasing cropping intensity. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. Adequate covering on land surface.
7. Erosion control.
8. Ground water recharge.
9. Efficient use of store water.
10. Enhancing input use efficiency.
