NSG 6020 Midterm Exam Latest Already
Graded A Health Assessment South
University.
What age does bronchiolitis occur?
most common at age 6 months- does not occur after age 2
main symptom of bronchiolitis
wheezing-lasts about 7 days
most common cause of bronchiolitis
RSV
Treatment for bronchiolitis
No specific treatment
Order of lung exam
inspect, palpate, percuss, auscultate
Pectus Excavatum
congenital posterior displacement of lower aspect of sternum
-hollowed-out appearance
-concave appearance of lower sternum
Pectus carinatum
at birth
-post CABG
mid childhood and 11-14 year old pubertal males undergoing a growth spurt
-convex deformity
-97% have MVP
Barrel Chest
associated with emphysema and lung hyperinflation
-accompanying x-ray demonstrates increased ant-post diameter as well as diaphragmatic flattening
Tactile fremitus
palpable vibrations of the bronchiopulmonary tree as the patient is speaking (99 or 1-2-3)
-impeded in COPD, pulm effusion or pneumothorax
-increased in consolidation and PNA
percussion:
flatness
(thigh)
Large Pleural effusion
Percussion- dullness
, (liver)
Lobar PNA
Percussion: resonance
(Lung)
simple chronic bronchitis
Percussion: hyperresonance
None
-emphysema, pneumothorax
Percussion: tympany
(gastric bubble)
-large pneumothorax
Auscultation: vesicular
soft and low pitched; usually heard over most of both lungs
Auscultation: bronchial
louder and higher in pitch; usually heard over the manubrium
Auscultation: bronchovesicular
intermediate intensity and pitch; usually heard over the 1st and 2nd interspaces
Auscultation: tracheal
over the trachea and neck, very loud
Rhonchi
low-pitched snore-like sounds, often characterized by secretions w/in the large airways
-sometimes cleared with a cough
Wheezes
continuous, high-pitched, musical, sounds that are produced by air flowing through narrowed bronchi
-predominately expiratory
stridor
loud, rough, continuous, high-pitched sound that is pronounced during inspiration
-indicates proximal airway obstruction
absent/attenuated sounds
NO airflow to the region being auscultated
-can occur in a pneumothorax, hemothorax, pleural effusion, or parenchymal consolidation
Crackles
intermittent, nonmusical, very brief, more pronounced during inspiration
Graded A Health Assessment South
University.
What age does bronchiolitis occur?
most common at age 6 months- does not occur after age 2
main symptom of bronchiolitis
wheezing-lasts about 7 days
most common cause of bronchiolitis
RSV
Treatment for bronchiolitis
No specific treatment
Order of lung exam
inspect, palpate, percuss, auscultate
Pectus Excavatum
congenital posterior displacement of lower aspect of sternum
-hollowed-out appearance
-concave appearance of lower sternum
Pectus carinatum
at birth
-post CABG
mid childhood and 11-14 year old pubertal males undergoing a growth spurt
-convex deformity
-97% have MVP
Barrel Chest
associated with emphysema and lung hyperinflation
-accompanying x-ray demonstrates increased ant-post diameter as well as diaphragmatic flattening
Tactile fremitus
palpable vibrations of the bronchiopulmonary tree as the patient is speaking (99 or 1-2-3)
-impeded in COPD, pulm effusion or pneumothorax
-increased in consolidation and PNA
percussion:
flatness
(thigh)
Large Pleural effusion
Percussion- dullness
, (liver)
Lobar PNA
Percussion: resonance
(Lung)
simple chronic bronchitis
Percussion: hyperresonance
None
-emphysema, pneumothorax
Percussion: tympany
(gastric bubble)
-large pneumothorax
Auscultation: vesicular
soft and low pitched; usually heard over most of both lungs
Auscultation: bronchial
louder and higher in pitch; usually heard over the manubrium
Auscultation: bronchovesicular
intermediate intensity and pitch; usually heard over the 1st and 2nd interspaces
Auscultation: tracheal
over the trachea and neck, very loud
Rhonchi
low-pitched snore-like sounds, often characterized by secretions w/in the large airways
-sometimes cleared with a cough
Wheezes
continuous, high-pitched, musical, sounds that are produced by air flowing through narrowed bronchi
-predominately expiratory
stridor
loud, rough, continuous, high-pitched sound that is pronounced during inspiration
-indicates proximal airway obstruction
absent/attenuated sounds
NO airflow to the region being auscultated
-can occur in a pneumothorax, hemothorax, pleural effusion, or parenchymal consolidation
Crackles
intermittent, nonmusical, very brief, more pronounced during inspiration
